Inter-Ethnic Conflict: It's a rivalry or a competition between two or more ethnic groups. It happens because of economic issues or other factors like discriminating other ethnicity. (Racism is one possible reason) Click to see full answer. Also, what is the meaning of inter ethnic conflict?
What is ethnic rivalry in Nigeria?
Conflicts, disagreement or misunderstanding between two or more ethnic groups in Nigeria dated back to the colonial period. The collapse of Nigeria Youth Movement (NYM) in 1941, the Formation of tribal Political Parties in the 1950s, the Nigerian Civil War, revenue allocation formula conflicts, etc. arose as a result of ethnic rivalry.
What differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle?
This final criterion differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle. Academic explanations of ethnic conflict generally fall into one of three schools of thought: primordialist, instrumentalist or constructivist. Recently, several political scientists have argued for either top-down or bottom-up explanations for ethnic conflict.
Is ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic society inevitable?
Ethnic groups will consequently always threaten the survival of civil governments but not the existence of nations formed by one ethnic group. Thus, when considered through a primordial lens, ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic society is inevitable.
Do Institutionalist arguments for resolving ethnic conflict explain ethnic violence?
Institutionalist arguments for resolving ethnic conflict often focus on national-level institutions and do not account for regional and local variation in ethnic violence within a country. Despite similar levels of ethnic diversity in a country, some towns and cities have often found to be especially prone to ethnic violence.
What does Intraethnic mean?
Adjective. intraethnic (not comparable) Within an ethnic group.
What are inter ethnic relations?
Interethnic relations may be an issue in a multiethnic state, or between a majority and minority ethnic group within a single state, or between neighboring states each having an ethnic diaspora in the other country. From: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001.
What are examples of ethnic conflicts?
Conflicts in the Balkans, Rwanda, Chechnya, Iraq, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Darfur, as well as in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip, are among the best-known and deadliest examples from the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
What are the causes of inter ethnic conflict?
The theory further argues that apart from identity issues, Inter-ethnic conflicts can result from social and political changes or identity crisis propelled by political or historical transformation of the society.
What is the difference between intra and inter ethnic marriage?
Intra-marriage (other Foreign Born) is defined as a marriage to a foreign born person from a different (non-Swedish) country of origin. Finally, intermarriage is defined as a marriage to a native born person. Of those that marry, 47 percent of female immigrants and 33 percent of male immigrants intermarry with natives.
What are the benefits of inter ethnic relations?
A nation with good ethnic relations will be able to strengthen the cohesiveness of its citizens continually through positive internal integration, so as to reduce administrative and operational costs, enhance the efficiency of social and economic organizations, and to strengthen its economic power.
What is the meaning of ethnic conflict?
Ethnic conflict is broadly defined as political or social conflict involving one or more groups that are identified by some markers of ethnic identity. Its appearance varies according to time and place.
What are the 5 main causes for conflict?
There are five main causes of conflict: information conflicts, values conflicts, interest conflicts, relationship conflicts, and structural conflicts.
What are the 6 ethnic groups?
While many nations in Africa, Asia, and South America can claim literally hundreds of distinct ethnic groups within its borders, the US Census only recognizes six ethnic categories: white, black, Asian, Amerindian/Alaska native, native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and mixed ethnicity. That's it.
What is meant by interpersonal conflict?
Interpersonal conflict refers to any type of conflict involving two or more people. It's different from an intrapersonal conflict, which refers to an internal conflict with yourself. Mild or severe, interpersonal conflict is a natural outcome of human interaction.
Why does the Philippines have so many ethnic groups?
By the 16th century, Spanish colonization brought new groups of people to the Philippines mainly Spaniards and Mexicans. Many settled in the Philippines, and intermarried with the indigenous population. This gave rise to the Filipino mestizo or individuals of mixed Austronesian and Hispanic descent.
What is the cause of intra and inter ethnic conflict in Ethiopia?
The main reason is resources but not ethnicity. Poverty and fear of the future provides a fertile ground for ethnic conflict. Ethnic groups and members of community will use the name of ethnicity to achieve their personal economic goals (Tsega, 2006). Agency, August 19,2019).
What is ethnic conflict?
e. An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups. While the source of the conflict may be political, social, economic or religious, the individuals in conflict must expressly fight for their ethnic group's position within society. This final criterion differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle.
Why is it so difficult to form inter-ethnic ties?
This is because many more links are needed to connect everyone, and therefore it is much more difficult to form and strengthen inter-ethnic ties.
What is the power sharing agreement between ethnic groups?
Consociationalism. Consociationalism is a power sharing agreement which coopts the leaders of ethnic groups into the central state's government. Each nation or ethnic group is represented in the government through a supposed spokesman for the group.
How does federalism help ethnic conflict?
The theory of implementing federalism in order to curtail ethnic conflict assumes that self-governance reduces "demands for sovereignty". Hechter argues that some goods such as language of education and bureaucracy must be provided as local goods, instead of statewide, in order to satisfy more people and ethnic groups. Some political scientists such as Stroschein contend that ethnofederalism, or federalism determined along ethnic lines, is "asymmetric" as opposed to the equal devolution of power found in non-ethnic federal states, such as the United States. In this sense, special privileges are granted to specific minority groups as concessions and incentives to end violence or mute conflict.
What are the methods of ethnic conflict resolution?
John Coakley, for example, has developed a typology of the methods of conflict resolution that have been employed by states, which he lists as: indigenization, accommodation, assimilation, acculturation, population transfer, boundary alteration, genocide and ethnic suicide. John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary have developed a taxonomy of eight macro-political ethnic conflict regulation methods, which they note are often employed by states in combination with each other. They include a number of methods that they note are clearly morally unacceptable.
What is the role of social media in the Rohingya genocide?
In the early twenty-first century, the online social networking service Facebook has played a role in amplifying ethnic violence in the Rohingya genocide that started in October 2016 and in ethnic violence in Ethiopia during 2019–2020.
What is the source of ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic democracies?
A major source of ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic democracies is over the access to state patronage. Conflicts over state resources between ethnic groups can increase the likelihood of ethnic violence.
What is ethnic antagonism in Nigeria?
(i) Ethnic Antagonism: Diverse ethnic groups and interest groups in Nigeria are highly suspicious of one another. They mistrust and share animosity against one another. They differ in ideologies, ideas, aspirations, outlook on issues.
What is conflict in Nigeria?
arose as a result of ethnic rivalry. These conflicts are multi-dimensional.
What is interethnic marriage?
Interethnic marriage is a form of exogamy that involves a marriage between spouses who belong to different ethnic groups or races. Intra-racial interethnic marriage was not historically a taboo in the United States.
Why are foreign wives and children of multicultural marriages often snubbed and often discriminated against?
Foreign wives and children of multicultural marriages are usually snubbed and often discriminated against because they cannot fully adapt to the homogeneous culture.
What is intergroup conflict?
Intergroup conflict refers to a disagreement between two or more groups. Different groups of people interrelate to operate a business and to accomplish organizational objective and goals. Thus, this interrelation can lead to conflicts between groups of people. For instance, the sales team of a company may have a dispute with ...
What is the difference between intergroup and intragroup conflict?
The key difference between intergroup and intragroup conflict is that intergroup conflict refers to a dispute between two or more groups, whereas intragroup conflict refers to a dispute between members of one group. Conflicts occur in different scenarios between individuals and group of people.
Why do interpersonal conflicts occur?
There are several reasons for interpersonal conflicts. The main reason is the nature of the group itself. Other reasons can be considered as work interdependence, objective variances, differences in attitudes and the increased demand for specialists. Intergroup conflict causes changes to happen, both within the groups involved in a conflict ...
What are the two types of intragroup conflicts?
There are two types of intragroup conflicts. One is relationship conflict, and the other is task conflict. In a relationship-based conflict, people interact with interpersonal relationships instead of the tasks they are assigned.
Is intragroup conflict a problem?
Furthermore, intragroup conflict is a valuable input for company performance, and it can not be considered as a problem all the time. Intragroup conflicts are most common in workplaces that separate employees into specific teams or departments.
Overview
An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups. While the source of the conflict may be political, social, economic or religious, the individuals in conflict must expressly fight for their ethnic group's position within society. This criterion differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle.
Theories of causes
It is argued that rebel movements are more likely to organize around ethnicity because ethnic groups are more apt to be aggrieved, better able to mobilize, and more likely to face difficult bargaining challenges compared to other groups. The causes of ethnic conflict are debated by political scientists and sociologists. Explanations generally fall into one of three schools of thought: primordialist, instrumentalist, and constructivist. More recent scholarship draws on all t…
Study in the post-Cold War world
The end of the Cold War thus sparked interest in two important questions about ethnic conflict: whether ethnic conflict was on the rise and whether given that some ethnic conflicts had escalated into serious violence, what, if anything, could scholars of large-scale violence (security studies, strategic studies, interstate politics) offer by way of explanation.
Public goods provision
A major source of ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic democracies is over the access to state patronage. Conflicts over state resources between ethnic groups can increase the likelihood of ethnic violence. In ethnically divided societies, demand for public goods decreases as each ethnic group derives more utility from benefits targeted at their ethnic group in particular. These benefits would be less valued if all other ethnic groups had access to them. Targeted benefits are more a…
Ethnic conflict amplification
In the early twenty-first century, the online social networking service Facebook has played a role in amplifying ethnic violence in the Rohingya genocide that started in October 2016 and in ethnic violence in Ethiopia during 2019–2020.
The United Nations Human Rights Council described Facebook as having been "a useful instrument for those seeking to spread hate" and complained that Facebook was unable to provide data on …
Ethnic conflict resolution
A number of scholars have attempted to synthesize the methods available for the resolution, management or transformation of their ethnic conflict. John Coakley, for example, has developed a typology of the methods of conflict resolution that have been employed by states, which he lists as: indigenization, accommodation, assimilation, acculturation, population transfer, boundary alteration, genocide and ethnic suicide. John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary have developed a taxon…
Examples of ethnic conflicts
• Basque conflict
• Maluku sectarian conflict
• Yugoslav Wars
• The Troubles
• Insurgency in the North Caucasus
See also
• Communal violence
• Cultural conflict
• Cultural rights
• Diaspora politics
• Ethnic hatred