Linear Gingival Erythema (LGE) | Definition | AIDSinfo A condition in which the edge of the gums near the teeth become red and inflamed. Linear gingival erythema is common with HIV infection. A condition in which the edge of the gums near the teeth become red and inflamed. Linear gingival erythema is common with HIV infection.
What is gingival erythema?
A condition in which the edge of the gums near the teeth become red and inflamed. Linear gingival erythema is common with HIV infection.
What is LGE (linear gingivitis)?
Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a periodontal disorder diagnosed based on distinct clinical characteristics. It was originally thought that LGE was directly associated with HIV, and it was thus called HIV-associated gingivitis (HIV-G).
What is the treatment for Linear gingival erythema?
Linear gingival erythema can present as a brightly inflamed, well-demarcated line of gingiva. Gram-negative and enteric organisms, as well as candida, can be involved. The treatment is débridement and antibiotics such as penicillin or metronidazole.
Is gingival erythema treatment covered by insurance?
Linear Gingival Erythema Treatment If you have a dental insurance policy, you may qualify for a discount on gum disease therapy. If you don’t have dental coverage, you can still get treatment for your condition.
What is linear gingival erythema associated with?
The takeaway. Linear gingival erythema is a condition that's related to a fungal infection of the gums. It appears as a red line along the gum line and causes pain and sometimes bleeding. This condition is one of the most common oral complications of HIV.
What are the 4 signs of gingival inflammation?
GingivitisSwollen or puffy gums.Dusky red or dark red gums.Gums that bleed easily when you brush or floss.Bad breath.Receding gums.Tender gums.
What causes red line on gums?
Red gums are typically caused by inflammation and irritation by bacterial plaque. Red gums can be sore to the touch or bleed during brushing or flossing. If your gums are frequently bleeding you should also read about bleeding gums.
What causes gingivitis?
Gingivitis is caused by the buildup of plaque–– a naturally-occurring sticky film containing bacteria – on the teeth and gums. The bacteria found in plaque produce toxins that can irritate the gums and cause them to become red, inflamed, puffy, and may even lead to bleeding.
What toothpaste is best for gingivitis?
Best. If you want to get rid of your bleeding gums fast, only one toothpaste will do: Parodontax Antigingivitis Toothpaste. This clinical-grade toothpaste breaks apart plaque — the leading cause of gingivitis.
What is the best antibiotic for gingivitis?
What is the best antibiotic for a gum infection? The most common antibiotics used for gum infections are tetracyclines (like minocycline or doxycycline), amoxicillin, clindamycin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin.
Can red gums go back to normal?
These bacteria may cause your gums to become inflamed, which results in red, swollen, or bleeding gums. For many people with gingivitis, this inflammation is not painful. If you catch gingivitis early, it can be reversed and healed with proper oral hygiene.
Does gum inflammation go away?
In most cases, swelling in the gums should go away after 1 or 2 days. For example, if you have food stuck in your teeth, or have used a mouthwash that irritated your gums the swelling should not last long.
Does LISTERINE help with gingivitis?
The plaque buildup that leads to gingivitis can be prevented with twice-daily brushing, daily flossing, and twice-daily rinsing with an effective antiseptic mouthwash like LISTERINE®.
What will the dentist do for gingivitis?
Professional gingivitis care includes: Professional dental cleaning. Your initial professional cleaning will include removing all traces of plaque, tartar and bacterial products — a procedure known as scaling and root planing. Scaling removes tartar and bacteria from your tooth surfaces and beneath your gums.
What is the fastest way to cure gingivitis?
How to Cure GingivitisBrush Your Teeth Twice a Day. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to gently brush around each tooth. ... Floss Your Teeth Once a Day. Plaque loves to hide in between teeth where toothbrush bristles can't reach. ... Use a Fluoride Mouth Rinse. ... Don't Skip Dental Appointments. ... Avoid Sugary Foods and Beverages.
How do you make gingivitis go away?
First-line treatment optionsBrush your teeth at least twice a day. ... Opt for an electric toothbrush to maximize your cleaning potential.Make sure your toothbrush has soft or extra-soft bristles.Replace your toothbrush every three months.Floss daily.Use a natural mouthwash.Visit your dentist at least once a year.More items...
What is the fastest way to cure gingivitis?
How to Cure GingivitisBrush Your Teeth Twice a Day. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to gently brush around each tooth. ... Floss Your Teeth Once a Day. Plaque loves to hide in between teeth where toothbrush bristles can't reach. ... Use a Fluoride Mouth Rinse. ... Don't Skip Dental Appointments. ... Avoid Sugary Foods and Beverages.
Which of the following is are clinical signs of gingivitis?
Gingivitis is characterized by inflammation of the gingival tissues with no loss of attachment or bone. It occurs in response to the bacteria that live in biofilms at the gingival margin and in the sulcus. The clinical signs of gingivitis include erythema, bleeding on probing, and edema.
How do you relieve inflamed gums?
How to Soothe Sore GumsRinse your mouth with warm salt water.Use only toothbrushes with soft or extra-soft bristles.Use over-the-counter (OTC) painkillers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), as directed.
How do you make gingivitis go away?
Use a mouth rinse to help reduce plaque between your teeth. Supplement brushing and flossing with an interdental cleaner, such as a dental pick, interdental brush or dental stick specially designed to clean between your teeth. Get regular professional dental cleanings on a schedule recommended by your dentist.
What is atypical gingivitis?
The distribution of the lesions is unique in that some teeth are spared, whereas others are severely affected (so-called “skip lesions”). In the severely immunocompromised (CD4 cells <l00μl), the condition can be rapidly progressive, moving quickly from gingivitis to periodontitis ( Figure 7-24 ), and is unresponsive to the usual treatments. In some cases the gingivitis occurs as an atypical form of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG), often superimposed on a rapidly progressive periodontitis. The periodontitis differs significantly from the usual type in that a rapid denuding of the gingival tissue commonly takes place, with resultant exposure of the alveolar bone; this has been termed necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP). Severe pain, odor, and spontaneous bleeding accompany the condition, features uncommon in periodontal disease of non-HIV patients.
What is LGE in dental?
LGE was first described by Winkler and Murray. 28 This lesion is defined as an intense linear erythema, most frequently found in anterior teeth, accompanied in some cases by bleeding and discomfort. It normally manifests in immunosuppressed individuals. 28–30 The development of oral candidiasis 31 can be associated with subgingival colonization of Candida species 32 and LGE ( Fig. 2 ). The aetiology of this oral disease seems to involve an invasion by Candida species of the gingival tissue. A histopathological study comparing lesions of LGE in HIV-infected patients with advanced gingivitis and in non HIV-infected individuals showed an increase of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and IgG in the first lesion, while the second lesion demonstrated a predominance of T lymphocytes and macrophages. 33 Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are recognized by their activity in the control of Candida infection after tissue invasion by these microorganisms. It has been proposed that the inadequate activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes could be responsible for the persistence of Candida infection in immunodeficient individuals. 34 These findings justify the classification of LGE as a gingival disease of fungal origin. 29 It is unclear if LGE may progress to a more severe periodontal disease, although there is a suspicion that this oral disease could be representative of an initial stage of NPD in HIV-infected patients. Of interest, Patton 35 showed that LGE has a significant predictive value (70%) for immune suppression at CD4 + T lymphocyte counts <200 cells/mm 3, while the predictive value for necrotizing ulcerative diseases was <50%. These results demonstrate the importance of early diagnosis of LGE in HIV-infected patients.
What are the oral manifestations of HIV?
Common oral manifestations include candidiasis of the oral mucosa ( Figures 18-4 to 18-7 ), bluish purple or red lesion (s) that on biopsy are identified as Kaposi sarcoma ( Figures 18-8 to 18-11 ), and hairy leukoplakia of the lateral borders of the tongue ( Figure 18-12). Other oral conditions that occur in association with HIV infection are HSV, herpes zoster, recurrent aphthous ulcerations, linear gingival erythema (Figure 18-13 ), necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis ( Figure 18-14 ), and necrotizing stomatitis, oral warts ( Figure 18-15 ), facial palsy, trigeminal neuropathy, salivary gland enlargement, xerostomia, and melanotic pigmentation. 50,51 Candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, specific forms of periodontal disease (i.e., linear gingival erythema and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis), Kaposi sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are reported to be strongly associated with HIV infection. Features and management of the oral manifestations of HIV infection are discussed in Tables 18-4 and 18-5. In addition, clinicians should be aware that oral lesions can be a feature of the stage of the disease or a sign of treatment failure or disease progression 52,53 ( Table 18-6 ).
What is the relationship between HIV and periodontal disease?
There is a strong association between HIV infection and certain unusual patterns of periodontal disease, including linear gingival erythema, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis. According to some studies, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis can develop in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 500 cells/mm 3, whereas linear gingival erythema and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis typically occur in those with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 200 cells/mm 3. The frequency of these conditions among HIV-infected patients has decreased significantly with the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy.
What does it mean when you have a red line on your gums?
Pain is often severe; patients may note foul breath, bleeding gums, and loosening of teeth. Physical examination may reveal a bright red marginal line on the gingiva, necrosis and ulceration of interdental papillae, gingival erosion, exfoliation of enamel, and loose teeth.
How to treat AIDS in dental?
The dentist should perform head and neck and intraoral soft tissue examinations on all patients. White lesions in the mouth must be identified, and appropriate steps taken to establish a diagnosis. This may involve cell study, culture, and biopsy by the dentist or referral to an oral surgeon. If red or purple lesions are found that cannot be explained by history (e.g., trauma, burn, chemical, physical) or proved by clinical observation (healing within 7 to 10 days), biopsy is indicated. Persistent lymphadenopathy must be investigated by referral for medical evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment.
Is gingival erythema punctate or diffuse?
Clinically, linear gingival erythema appears as a distinct linear band of erythema along the free gingival margin. In some cases, punctate or more diffuse erythema also may be noted on the gingiva and alveolar mucosa. The etiopathogenesis of linear gingival erythema is uncertain, although some investigators hypothesize that the condition results from subgingival colonization and tissue invasion by Candida species. Treatment may include débridement, povidone-iodine irrigation, chlorhexidine mouth rinse, and/or antifungal therapy. Also, the clinician should ensure that the patient is receiving appropriate combined antiretroviral therapy.
What is gingivitis in HIV?
Gingivitis in the HIV-positive patient; characterized by a well-demarcated band of intense erythema at the gingival margin, not associated with bacterial plaque; does not respond to conventional plaque-removal procedures.
What is the term for a band of inflammation of the periodontium, appearing as a reddish ging?
A band of inflammation of the periodontium, appearing as a reddish gingival band about 2 to 3 mm in width. It is often associated with HIV/AIDS. Synonym: red band gingivitis