What is Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the sumac and poison ivy family Anacardiaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent where it is indigenous. Hundreds of cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world. It is a large fruit-tree, …
What is Mangifera indica?
Structure of Mangiferonic acid SUMMARY Mangifera indica(MI), also known as mango, aam, it has been an important herb in the Ayurvedic and indigenous medical systems for over 4000 years. Mangoes belong to genus Mangiferawhich consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae.
How does vimang (Mangifera indica) work?
Mangifera IndicaL.extract (Vimang) inhibits Fe2+-citrate-induced lipoperoxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria. Pharmacol Res. 2005;51:427–35.
What is the protective effect of Mangifera indica on TPA?
Protective effects of Mangifera indicaL.extract, mangiferin and selected antioxydants against TPA-induced biomolecules oxidation and peritoneal macrophage activation in mice. Pharmacol Res. 2000;42:565–73.
What is the role of Mangifera indica in the pathophysiology of lipoperoxidation?
Pardo Andreu G, Delgado R, Velho J, Inada NM, Curti C, Vercesi AE. Mangifera IndicaL.extract (Vimang) inhibits Fe2+-citrate-induced lipoperoxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria.
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Is Mangifera indica poisonous?
Symptoms: Contact with the sap, wood, sawdust, bark or fruit can result in dermatitis including rash, swelling, itching and blistering. Peeling and eating the fruit can affect the hands and skin around the mouth. Warning: Seek medical attention if exposure causes significant symptoms.
What is the health benefits of mango bark?
- Roots and stem bark of mango possess anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), anti-emetic (prevents vomiting), anti-syphilitic (acts against syphilis), astringent (contracts skin cells and other body tissues), styptic (stops bleeding), refrigerant (cooling effect) and vulnerary (wound healing) properties.
What is Mangifera indica extract?
What Is Mangifera Indica Extract? Mango extract is derived from Mangifera indica, or mangoes. Mango trees are native in tropical parts of Asia and the plant has been cultivated for thousands of years in most tropical countries.
Why is mango called Mangifera indica?
Species: indica Mangifera indica is native of India, and produces greenish to red drupes. The mango received the name "indica" as it is believed to originated in India. The common name, mango, is derived from the genus name.
What disease does mango leaves cure?
The tender leaves of the mango tree contain tannins called anthocyanidins that may help in treating early diabetes. The leaves are dried and powdered, or used as an infusion to treat the same. It also helps to treat diabetic angiopathy and diabetic retinopathy.
What type of fruit is Mangifera indica?
MangoesMangifera indica (MI), also known as mango, aam, it has been an important herb in the Ayurvedic and indigenous medical systems for over 4000 years. Mangoes belong to genus Mangifera which consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae.
Who discovered Mangifera indica?
The species was first described by Linnaeus in 1753. The mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, and is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Can mango leaves cure infection?
Mango leaves have antibacterial properties that help treat bacterial skin infections such as staph Infections and skin burns. The mango leaves contain essential properties and nutrients that help to heal the burns and scalds on the skin.
What mango does for hair?
More than any other fruit, mangos offer a hair growth trifecta: Vitamin E, which improves circulation in the scalp, promoting hair growth. Vitamin C, which promotes collagen production. And Vitamin A, which helps to naturally condition your scalp, for stronger, shinier hair.
Where is Mangifera indica native?
Indiamango, (Mangifera indica), member of the cashew family (Anacardiaceae) and one of the most important and widely cultivated fruits of the tropical world. The mango tree is considered indigenous to southern Asia, especially Myanmar and Assam state of India, and numerous cultivars have been developed.
What is the side effect of mango leaves?
Mango leaf powder and tea are considered safe for human consumption. Limited studies in animals suggest no side effects, though human safety studies haven't been conducted ( 43 , 44 ).
What is the family of Mangifera indica?
CashewsMangifera indica / FamilyThe Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce urushiol, an irritant. Wikipedia
Is mango bark edible?
It tastes like fresh mango, with a little caramelized honey. They are super crunchy with a faint hint of tannins. Perfect for a snack or replacing potato chips. And they are a breeze to make.
What are the benefits of mango leaf tea?
Drinking mango leaf tea will offer the following health benefits:Rich in Anti-Inflammatory Properties.Rich in Plant Compounds.Good for Skin.Good for Hair.Helps in Weight Loss.Treats Stomach Ulcers.Possess Anticancer Properties.May Fight Against Diabetes.
What is the side effect of mango leaves?
Mango leaf powder and tea are considered safe for human consumption. Limited studies in animals suggest no side effects, though human safety studies haven't been conducted ( 43 , 44 ).
What health benefits are in a back of a mango tree?
Health benefits of the mango treePrevents anemia: Mango is rich in iron. ... Improves digestion: Disorders of the digestive system are a major cause of poor health. ... Helps gain weight: Many individuals find it hard to gain weight. ... Boosts immunity: Apart from vitamin C, mango also contains folate, zinc and vitamin B6.More items...
What is mango indica?
Mangifera indica(MI), also known as mango, aam, it has been an important herb in the Ayurvedic and indigenous medical systems for over 4000 years. Mangoes belong to genus Mangiferawhich consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. According to ayurveda, varied medicinal properties are attributed to different parts of mango tree. Mango possesses antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, cardiotonic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory properties. Various effects like antibacterial, anti fungal, anthelmintic, anti parasitic, anti tumor, anti HIV, antibone resorption, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antidiarrhoeal, antiallergic, immunomodulation, hypolipidemic, anti microbial, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective have also been studied. Pharmacologically and medicinally important chemical such as mangiferin, being a polyphenolic antioxidant and a glucosyl xanthone, it has strong antioxidant, anti lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation, cardiotonic, hypotensive, wound healing, antidegenerative and antidiabetic activities.
What is mango juice used for?
Ripe mango fruit is considered to be invigorating and freshening. The juice is restorative tonic and used in heat stroke. The seeds are used in asthma and as an astringent. Fumes from the burning leaves are inhaled for relief from hiccups and affections of the throat. The bark is astringent, it is used in diphtheria and rheumatism, and it is believed to possess a tonic action on mucus membrane. The gum is used in dressings for cracked feet and for scabies. It is also considered anti-syphilitic. The kernels are converted into flour after soaking in water and eliminating the astringent principles. Most parts of the tree are used medicinally and the bark also contains tannins, which are used for the purpose of dyeing.
What are the ingredients in mango?
Indicoside A and B, manghopanal, mangoleanone, friedelin, cycloartan-3β-30-diol and derivatives, mangsterol, manglupenone, mangocoumarin, n-tetacosane, n-heneicosane, n-triacontane and mang iferolic acid methyl ester and others isolated from stem bark of MI.[2] Mangostin, 29-hydroxy mangiferonic acid and mangiferin have been isolated from the stem bark together with common flavonoids.[3] The flower yielded alkyl gallates such as gallic acid, ethyl gallate, methyl gallate, n-propyl gallate, n-pentyl gallate, n-octyl gallate, 4-phenyl gallate, 6-phenyl-n-hexyl gallate and dihydrogallic acid.[4] Root of mango contains the chromones, 3-hydroxy-2-(4’-methylbenzoyl)-chromone and 3-methoxy-2-(4’-methyl benzoyl)-chromone. The leaf and flower yield an essential oil containing humulene, elemene, ocimene, linalool, nerol and many others. The fruit pulp contains vitamins A and C, β-carotene and xanthophylls.[5] An unusual fatty acid, cis-9, cis-15-octadecadienoic acid was isolated from the pulp lipids of mango.[6] Phenolic Antioxidants, Free Sugars and Polyols isolated and analyzed from Mango (MI) Stem Bark. All structures were elucidated by ES-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Quantitative analysis of the compounds has been performed by HPLC, and mangiferin was found to be the predominant component.[7]
What is a MI tree?
MI is a large evergreen tree in the anacardiaceae family that grows to a height of 10-45 m, dome shaped with dense foliage, typically heavy branched from a stout trunk. The leaves are spirally arranged on branches, linear-oblong, lanceolate – elliptical, pointed at both ends, the leaf blades mostly about 25-cm long and 8-cm wide, sometimes much larger, reddish and thinly flaccid when first formed and release an aromatic odour when crushed. The inflorescence occurs in panicles consisting of about 3000 tiny whitish-red or yellowish – green flowers. The fruit is a well known large drupe, but shows a great variation in shape and size. It contains a thick yellow pulp, single seed and thick yellowish – red skin when ripe. The seed is solitary, ovoid or oblong, encased in a hard, compressed fibrous endocarp.
Does mangiferin inhibit HSV-2?
In vitrothe effect of mangiferin was studied against Herpes simplexvirus type 2; mangiferin does not directly inactivate HSV-2 but inhibits the late event in HSV-2 replication.[34] In vitromangiferin was also able to inhibit HSV-1 virus replication within cells[35] and to antagonize the cytopathic effects of HIV.[36]
Is mango a herb?
Mangifera indica, commonly used herb in ayurvedic medicine. Although review articles on this plant are already published, but this review article is presented to compile all the updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities, which were performed widely by different methods. Studies indicate mango possesses antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, cardiotonic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory properties. Various effects like antibacterial, anti fungal, anthelmintic, anti parasitic, anti tumor, anti HIV, antibone resorption, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antidiarrhoeal, antiallergic, immunomodulation, hypolipidemic, anti microbial, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective have also been studied. These studies are very encouraging and indicate this herb should be studied more extensively to confirm these results and reveal other potential therapeutic effects. Clinical trials using mango for a variety of conditions should also be conducted.
Is Vimang an anti-allergic?
Anthelminthic and antiallergic activities of MI stem bark components Vimang and mangiferin was investigated in mice experimentally infected with nematodes, Trichinella spiralis.[37] The study was carried out to find out anti- allergic properties of vimang and mangiferin, a C-glucosylxanthone isolated from extract of MI. The results constitute the anti-allergic properties of Vimang on allergic models, as well as suggesting that this natural extract could be successfully used in the treatment of allergic disorders. Mangiferin, the major compound of Vimang, contributes to the anti-allergic effects of the extract.[38]
What Is Mangifera Indica Extract?
Mango extract is derived from Mangifera indica, or mangoes. [1] Mango trees are native in tropical parts of Asia and the plant has been cultivated for thousands of years in most tropical countries. [2]
What is mango extract?
Mango fruit extract is a skin-conditioning agent. [3] We use the ingredient in our bubble bath. However, mango extract can also be found in sunscreen, shampoo, moisturizer, exfoliant, lip balm, and many other products. [4]
How is mango extract made?
Mango extract is made by first drying the seeds and/or fruit. The result is then powdered. Ethanol is added, and the mix is then separated or evaporated, leaving the extract behind. [5,6]
What is raw mango used for?
Raw mangos can be used in the making of pickles and chutneys. Ripe mangos are a popular fruit throughout the world. The skin and pulp account for 85% of the mango's weight, and the remaining 15% comes from the stone (seed).
What is a mango?
The mango is an irregular, egg-shaped fruit which is a fleshy drupe. Mangos are typically 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long and greenish yellow in color. The fruits can be round, oval, heart, or kidney shaped. Mango fruits are green when they are unripe. The interior flesh is bright orange and soft with a large, flat pit in the middle. Mangos are mature in April and May. Raw mangos can be used in the making of pickles and chutneys. Ripe mangos are a popular fruit throughout the world. The skin and pulp account for 85% of the mango's weight, and the remaining 15% comes from the stone (seed).
How tall does a mango tree grow?
Approximately 210 varieties of mango have been reported. It can grow up to 15–30 metres (49–98 ft) tall. The tree grows best in well-drained sandy loam; it does not grow well in heavy wet soils. The optimal pH of the soil should be between 5.2 and 7.5.
Where did mango originate?
Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the sumac and poison ivy family Anacardiaceae. Mangoes are believed to have originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India.
Where are mangoes domesticated?
M. indica were domesticated separately in South Asia and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". Mangoes have since been introduced to other warm regions of the world.
When do mangoes bloom?
Flowers appear at the end of winter and beginning of spring. Both male and female flowers are borne on same tree. The Climatic conditions have significant influence on the time of flowering of mango. In India, flowering starts in December in the South, in January in Bihar and Bengal, in February in eastern Uttar Pradesh, and in February–March in northern India. The duration of flowering is 20–25 days in Dashehari, while panicle emergence occurs in early December and flower opening is completed by February. The Neelum variety of mango produces two crops a year in Kanyakumari, in South India, but it flowers only once in North Indian conditions.
Where do mangoes come from?
Mangoes are believed to have originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. It is a large fruit-tree, capable of growing to a height and crown width of about 30 metres (100 ft) and trunk circumference of more than 3.7 metres (12 ft).
How many references does Mangifera Indica have?
Our evidence-based analysis on mangifera indica features 25 unique references to scientific papers.
Is mango a good supplement?
Despite not conferring much potency overall, mango may be a promising supplement as the peels and kernels of mango retain a high concentration of the bioactive molecules are seen as an industrial waste-product in making mango products (which usually use only the pulp) suggesting a low cost to mass produce supplements.
Is mango a good food?
The common mango is thought to be a functional food due to its unique bioactives, most notably mangiferin. Supplements from the leaf also appear to be antioxidants after consumed, but their practical relevance and benefits are not yet confirmed.
What is a mango tree?
Mango, Mangifera indica, is an evergreen tree in the family Anacardiaceae grown for its edible fruit. The mango tree is erect and branching with a thick trunk and broad, rounded canopy. The leaves of the tree are are shiny and dark green. They are either elliptical or lanceolate with long petioles and a leathery texture. The tree produces dense clusters of flowers with cream-pink petals on branched panicles. The mango fruit is roughly oval in shape, with uneven sides. The fruit is a drupe, with an outer flesh surrounding a stone. The flesh is soft and bright yellow-orange in color. The skin of the fruit is yellow-green to red. Mango trees can grow to a height of 45 m (148 ft) and can live for in excess of 100 years. Mango is believed to originate from India or Burma (Myanmar).
How long do mangoes live?
The flesh is soft and bright yellow-orange in color. The skin of the fruit is yellow-green to red. Mango trees can grow to a height of 45 m (148 ft) and can live for in excess of 100 years.
How are monoembryonic mangoes propagated?
Monoembryonic mango varieties are usually vegetatively propagated by grafting onto polyembryonic rootstocks. Seeds are collected from fully ripe fruit before chilling. The kernel is then removed from the endocarp and is planted within 24 hours of collection due to a rapid degeneration in seed viability.
How do mango trees grow?
Basic requirements Mango trees grow best in tropical or subtropical climates where there is no danger of frost and especially in areas where the rainfall over the four summer months (June to September) totals 75 to 250 cm (30 to 100 in) and is followed by 8 months of dry weather. The trees grow optimally at temperatures of 24–27°C (75.2–80.6°F) with a relatively cool dry season and where heat is highest during flowering and fruiting. Mangos will tolerate almost any soil as long as it is well draining. Optimal growth will be achieved in rich, deep, well drained, loams. However, very rich soils will promote vegetative growth at the expense of flower and fruit production and should be avoided. The trees also grow well in sand, gravel and limestone soils. The optimum soil pH is between 5.5 and 7.5. Trees should be positioned in full sunlight for optimal fruit production. Propagation Seeds Mango seeds are commonly used to produce rootstock or in the production of new cultivars. Seeds can be polyembryonic or monoembryonic. Polyembryonic seeds can produce between 3 and 10 seedlings from one seed, the majority of which will exhibit the characteristics of the parent plant. Monoembryonic seeds produce only one seedling from each seed and it usually does not breed true to type. Monoembryonic mango varieties are usually vegetatively propagated by grafting onto polyembryonic rootstocks. Seeds are collected from fully ripe fruit before chilling. The kernel is then removed from the endocarp and is planted within 24 hours of collection due to a rapid degeneration in seed viability. Mango seeds should be planted to a depth of 2 cm (0.8 in) and should be positioned on their sides to promote a straight growth habit. Monoembryonic seeds should be planted to a depth of 1-2 cm (0.4-0.8 in) in 1 to 5 gallon pots containing a well-draining potting soil. Polyembryonic seeds are usually planted in beds to allow space for the multiple seedlings. It is common to plant above a root barrier to facilitate the removal of seedlings from the bed when the time comes to pot them. Generally only 3-4 of the most vigorous seedlings are selected and potted up. Potted seedlings are usually raised under 50 to 80% shade and hardened to the sun prior to plating in the field. Vegetative propagation Desirable mango varieties can be vegetatively propagated by budding and grafting to ensure that the new tree shares the genetic characteristics of the parent. Twigs for propagation are best collected from healthy, mature trees when the trees are beginning a growth flush but when most of the terminals are still dormant. The twigs for propagation quickly lose their viability so it is important to keep them moist and cool after cutting and make the grafts immediately. The twigs should be of the same girth as the rootstock wood onto which it will be grafted and at least the thickness of a pencil to support the cuts. There is no preferred method of grafting the wood onto the rootstock and methods tend to vary by region. Veneer grafting, V-grafting and chip budding are all suitable methods for joining the scion wood to the rootstock. Graft unions are usually complete 2–3 weeks after they are made. Depending on the grafting method, the buds on the grafted scion may require forcing. This is achieved by cutting the rootstock horizontally 2–5 cm (0.8–1.9 in) above the graft on the same side as the scion. When a scion bud has grown several centimeters, the rootstock wood can be cut back close to the scion. Transplanting Mango trees are usually planted out in the field when they are approximately 12 months old. The seedlings should reach a height of at least 1 m (3.3 ft). If the trees are to be irrigated then they are best planted out in early Spring. If no irrigation is available then they should be planted at the beginning of the wet season. Planting holes should be at least 60 cm (2 ft) deep and another 60 cm (2 ft) wide to accommodate the root ball of the tree. Fertilizer should not be added to the the planting hole at time of plating as it can burn sensitive roots. Tree spacing depends on the variety being grown but is generally between 10.5 and 18 m (34 to 60 ft). The tree canopy can be cut back up to 75% after planting to reduce water stress and promote root development. General care and maintenance Mango trees are easy to maintain once established. They are tolerant of drought but will perform best if irrigated during dry spells. Mango planted in the home garden does not generally require regular fertilization. if leaves are beginning to look pale or yellow, a balanced fertilizer may be applied once or twice every year. When grown commercially, mango trees require regular pruning to open up the canopy. Pruning keep the canopy at a manageable size and also promotes good air circulation around the leaves and fruit, reducing the incidence of disease. Harvesting Mango fruits are usually ready for harvest 4-5 months after flowering. Fruits that are ready for harvesting will snap easily from the tree. If the fruit does not dislodge with a slight pull then it is not fully mature and should be left to ripen fully. Fruits can be harvested by hand or, in commercial plantations, with the aid of special fruit picking devices. Mango fruit is delicate and easily bruised and must be handled carefully. Mango sap is very caustic and additional care must be taken during harvest to prevent sap coming into contact with the skin of the fruit or it will result in dark blemishes.
What are the symptoms of canker on mango?
Symptoms. Angular, water-soaked spots on leaves which coalesce and turn black; black cankerous lesions on stems which crack and exude a gummy substance; irregular black lesions on fruits which extend into the flesh and exude gum; fruits dropping from plant. Cause.
When to collect twigs for propagation?
Twigs for propagation are best collected from healthy, mature trees when the trees are beginning a growth flush but when most of the terminals are still dormant. The twigs for propagation quickly lose their viability so it is important to keep them moist and cool after cutting and make the grafts immediately.
What does LINN mean in Mangifera indica?
Mangifera indica Linn is the scientific name for mango. The Linn is the abbreviation which is used for ...
What is the scientific name for mango?
Mangifera indica Linn is the scientific name for mango. The Linn is the abbreviation which is used for the scientist Carl Linnaeus. Mangifera represents the genus and indica represent the species.
Description of Plant
Habitat
- Mango is native to South Asia and cultivated from thousand years back. It is distributed throughout world in tropical and subtropical warm climates. Almost world's half mangoes are cultivated in India and second country is China. It is also found in Central America, South, West and Central Africa, South Korea, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Large variety of diseases also affect …
Classification
- Kingdom - Plantae
- Order - Sapindales
- Family - Anacardiaceae
Common Synonyms of Mangifera Indica
- English name - Mango
- Hindi name - Aam
- Sanskrit name - Aamra, Sahakara, Madhavadrum, Bhringabeeshta, Parapushta, Pikabandhava, Rasala, Madhuphala, Madhuli etc.
Ancient Verse About Mangifera Indica
- According to first shalok chuta, rasala, kiresta, madirasakha, kamanga, shakara, parapusta and madhudhbhva are various synonyms of mango. According to second shalok unripe fruit is astringent, pungent, sour, ruksa, aggravates pitta dosha and leads to bleeding diathesis. Old sour fruit leading to bleeding diathesis and aggravates kapha dosha. Sweet and old fruit is beneficial …
Caution
- Weaken digestive system
- Recurrent chronic fever
- Skin disorders and bleeding disorders
- Constipation and bloating
Products from This Herb
- Patrangasav
- Nyagrodhadi churna
Part Used
- Stem bark
- Leaf
- Flower
- Seed kernel
Dosage
- Fresh Juice - 10 - 20 ml.
- Decoction - 50 -100 ml.
- Seed Powder - 3 - 6 gm.