The octet rule states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of 8 valence electrons. In covalent an bonding the atom share electrons to achieve octet. Describe the formation of a covalent bond.
What is the octet rule and how is it used?
What is the octet rule and how is it used in covalent bonding? The octet rule states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of 8 valence electrons. In covalent an bonding the atom share electrons to achieve octet.
How does the octet rule affect covalent bonding?
The exceptions are hydrogen and helium, which only need two electrons to fill their valance shells. This affects covalent bonding because in that kind of bond, atoms share electrons in order to fill their valance shells. The octet rule says that 8 electrons make a full valance shell, except for hydrogen and helium.
Why do atoms share electrons in octet configuration?
Because both atoms have the same affinity for electrons and neither has a tendency to donate them, they share electrons in order to achieve octet configuration and become more stable. In addition, the ionization energy of the atom is too large and the electron affinity of the atom is too small for ionic bonding to occur.
Why do some elements obey the duet rule instead of octet?
However, they are very unstable and tend to spontaneously dimerize. Since the first shell can only accommodate two electrons, elements such as lithium, helium, and hydrogen obey the duet rule instead of the octet rule. For example, lithium can lose an electron to have a stable configuration in which the valence shell holds two electrons.
Is the octet rule used in covalent bonding?
1 Answer. Ernest Z. In covalent bonding between atoms, the shared electrons are counted in the valence shells of both atoms. Elements on the right of the periodic table (nonmetals) can increase the number of electrons in their outer shells to eight by forming covalent bonds equal in number to 18 minus the Group number.
What is octet rule what is its use?
What is the Octet Rule? The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with eight electrons.
What is the octet rule and how does it apply to both ionic and covalent bonding?
In ionic bonding, more than 1 electron can be donated or received to satisfy the octet rule. The charges on the anion and cation correspond to the number of electrons donated or received. In ionic bonds, the net charge of the compound must be zero.
Why is the octet rule important in chemical bonding?
The octet rule is important in covalent bonding because sharing electrons gives both atoms a full valence shell. All atoms strive to achieve a full valence shell, just like the noble gases. This is the most stable electron arrangement.
What is octet rule PDF?
• Octet rule: Atoms in a compound will. lose, gain or share electrons in order to. achieve a stable noble gas configuration.
How does the octet rule apply to ionic and covalent bonds quizlet?
What is the octet rule and how is it used in covalent bonding? The octet rule states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of 8 valence electrons. In covalent an bonding the atom share electrons to achieve octet.
How can covalently bound atoms obey the octet rule?
: When two atoms are joined by the sharing of one pair of electrons. How can covalently-bound atoms obey the octet rule? Ions form by adding or losing electrons to form an outer shell of eight.
Does the octet rule apply to ionic as well as to covalent compounds?
In other words covalent as well as ionic compounds obey the octet rule. The octet rule is very useful, though by no means infallible, for predicting the formulas of many covalent compounds, and it enables us to explain the usual valence exhibited by many of the representative elements.
What is octet rule class 10th?
The octet rule states that the atoms like to have eight electrons only in their full outer shells. For achieving eight electrons in their outer shells, atoms would gain or lose the valence electrons. Furthermore, the atom does this by bonding with each other.
What is a octet in chemistry?
octet, in chemistry, the eight-electron arrangement in the outer electron shell of the noble-gas atoms. This structure is held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behaviour of certain other elements.
What is the octet rule?
The octet rule can be observed in the bonding between the carbon and oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule, as illustrated via a Lewis dot structure below. The shared electrons fulfil the valency requirements of both the bonded atoms. Thus, it can be noted that both the oxygen atoms and the carbon atom have an octet configuration in ...
Which elements obey the octet rule?
In general, the elements that obey this rule include the s-block elements and the p-block elements (except hydrogen, helium, and lithium). The octet rule can be observed in the bonding between the carbon and oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule, ...
How many valence electrons does phosphorus hold?
If all the phosphorus-chlorine bonds in a PCl 5 molecule are covalent, it would imply that the phosphorus molecule is violating the octet rule by holding a total of 10 valence electrons. The formation of five bonds by the phosphorus molecules can be explained by the sp 3 d hybridization in PCl 5.
How many electrons are in the valence shell of an atom?
The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with eight electrons. It is based on the observation that the atoms of the main group elements have a tendency to participate in chemical bonding in such a way that each atom of the resulting molecule has eight electrons in the valence shell.
What are the exceptions to the octet rule?
Exceptions to the Octet Rule 1 An ion, atom, or a molecule containing an unpaired valence electron is called a free radical. These species disobey the octet rule. However, they are very unstable and tend to spontaneously dimerize. 2 Since the first shell can only accommodate two electrons, elements such as lithium, helium, and hydrogen obey the duet rule instead of the octet rule. For example, lithium can lose an electron to have a stable configuration in which the valence shell holds two electrons. 3 Due to the presence of a d-orbital, the transition elements do not obey the octet rule. The valence shells of these atoms can hold 18 electrons. 4 Aromatic compounds involve a delocalization of pi electrons. These electrons obey Huckel’s rule
How many electrons does an aromatic compound have?
The valence shells of these atoms can hold 18 electrons. Aromatic compounds involve a delocalization of pi electrons. These electrons obey Huckel’s rule. It can be noted that some electron deficient molecules such as boranes and carboranes follow Wade’s rules in order to obtain stability.
What is the bond between NaCl and NaCl?
NaCl (Sodium Chloride) This compound features an ionic bond between the sodium ion (Na +) and the electronegative chloride ion (Cl – ). The chlorine atom holds 7 electrons in its valence shell and can attain an octet configuration by gaining an electron. The outermost shell of sodium has one electron. If it loses this electron, the second shell ...
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