Participatory Environmental Management (PEM) is a tool that by including knowledge from many sources – traditional, scientific, technical and administrative, among others – permits an integrated approach to problems and priority activities. What is participatory approach in environmental education?
What are participatory approaches in environmental management?
Participatory Approaches in Environmental Management Abstract Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of participatory approaches in environmental management, which seek to give a broad set of stakeholders more of a say in decision-making.
What is a decentralized approach to environmental management?
While the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM) has tended to be centralized, adopting a narrow conception of ‘environment’, there is a growing body of literature supporting a participatory approach which is decentralized, community oriented and holistic in its view of the environment.
What is participative management in the workplace?
Workplaces that use participative management seek to integrate the expertise of their employees into company decision-making. A participative management structure enables employees at all levels to impact company operations and goals.
Is participation a useful tool in environmental management?
Conclusion Participation is, at present, a well-entrenched part of environmental management processes across a wide variety of environmental issues and geographical locations.
What is participatory approach in environmental management?
Participatory Approaches in Environmental Management Abstract Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of participatory approaches in environmental management, which seek to give a broad set of stakeholders more of a say in decision-making.
What does participatory environment mean?
1 Definition The Participatory learning environment can refer: to any sort of environment where users can co-construct or at least communicate through some form of computer-mediated communication. This definition includes most modern educational technologies and we will not further elaborate here.
What is participatory management in community development?
Participatory management could be, usually, defined as “a partnership, in which, the government agencies, the local indigenous communities, the resource users, and also, perhaps, other stakeholders, such as the NGOs, etc., share the authority and responsibility for management of a specific area or set of resources.”
Why is a participatory approach important for the management of natural resources?
It assesses the physical, socioeconomic, institutional and legal potentials and constraints with respect to sustainable use of natural resources and a given set of objectives. When done in a participatory approach, it empowers people to make decisions about how to manage their resources sustainably and equitably.
How do you create a participatory learning environment?
Know your students. Learn their names, interests, and backgrounds. Greet and visit with them before and after class. Keep track of their progress. Provide opportunities for students learn each others' names as well so a sense of community is developed.
What is the importance of participatory method in teaching environmental studies?
The first benefit of utilizing PAR is that it provides students with a reason for learning ecological information (knowledge about the causes and effects of environmental problems). In traditional EE, the exclusive focus on environmental problems can be detrimental as it often leads to student apathy (Jensen, 2002).
What is meant by participatory management?
Participatory management is the practice of empowering members of a group, such as employees of a company or citizens of a community, to participate in organizational decision making.
What are the benefits of participative management?
Advantages of the Participative Management StyleIncrease team morale. Participative leaders give every team member a voice. ... Promote collaboration. ... Uncover creative solutions. ... Teams more readily accept decisions. ... Improve employee retention.
What are the objective of participative management?
Participative management acts as a force to motivate employees to meet specific organizational goals. The main idea behind this style of management is not only using physical capital but also making optimum utilization of intellectual and emotional human capital.
What is participatory natural resource?
Participatory natural resource management provides an alternative conservation tool and. approach based on local community recognition and participation in natural resource. management.
What is participatory approach?
A participatory approach means that the person in charge of solving a problem or designing an innovation involves people who are directly concerned by the result of his or her work.
What are types of participatory approach?
Common among these approaches are values such as shared learning, democratic processes, joint decision making, co-ownership, mutual respect and empowerment. Below are some examples of participatory tools and how they have been used in practice.
What are the advantages of participatory approach?
This participatory approach offers the following advantages: Promoting employee involvement in program planning is a sign of a healthy organization. Participatory design efforts are health promoting. Employees who are engaged feel a sense of control and reward.
What are the environmental approaches?
There are two approaches of managing the environment, viz.: (i) Preservative approach, and (ii) conservative approach. According to the first approach, man should not disturb the natural system and should adapt to it.
What is participative management?
Participative management is a leadership structure that encourages people from multiple levels of a company to contribute to managing the organization. Companies that employ this style typically hold positions with formal management roles, but those managers prioritize taking feedback and requesting input from other employees.
How to implement a participative structure?
One way your company may implement a participative structure is to hold regular meetings that offer people the chance to develop ideas, make plans and share suggestions. Your company may establish individual or team meetings for this purpose .
What are the skills needed for participative management?
For participative management to be effective, your employer may look to hire and promote employees who have specific qualities, such as: Leadership: The best contributors to participative management possess leadership skills and seek to develop these skills further.
What is participatory approach to environmental management?
While the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM) has tended to be centralized, adopting a narrow conception of 'environment', there is a growing body of literature supporting a participatory approach which is decentralized, community oriented and holistic in its view of the environment. This paper examines the main principles underlying this development and assesses the opportunities and constraints associated with it. It concludes that, while participation is conducive to a localized and inclusive approach to EM, many questions remain about the extent to which it is meaningful in practice or can be institutionalized.
What is community environmental management?
Community environmental management (CEM) involves the achievement of environmental objectives through the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making. CEM is increasingly seen as a solution to complex environmental issues facing regulatory authorities. However, evaluating CEM projects is problematic given complex relationships between community participation and environmental outcomes. This paper reports on a project that developed a novel evaluation methodology and trialled it in an intervention with a regional council in New Zealand. The methodology shows promise in addressing common evaluation bottlenecks and helping stakeholders to more fully articulate links between community participation and environmental outcomes. While the local participants in the CEM project were pleased with the evaluation findings and acted upon them, they hoped that it would also stimulate wider organisational change in the regional council. However, this did not happen. Reflections on the project, informed by institutional theory, reveal that the framing of ‘participation’ in the findings was appropriate for those involved with the CEM project, but non-participating regional council stakeholders read the findings through different frames, and therefore the evaluation failed to communicate the necessity of wider change. The paper concludes that this evaluation methodology has the potential to be adapted for other contexts where there is a need for more robust evidence of the value (or otherwise) of CEM. However, if there is a desire to stimulate wider organisational change, care must be taken to anticipate the different institutional framings of stakeholders who might be unfamiliar with, or even hostile to, CEM.
What is Sabang MPA?
The Sabang MPA is the first MPA established in the western province of Indonesia and has stipulated as protected area since 1982. This MPA has changed its management system from a top-down and a centralized national management approach to a community-based management since 2009. This study aimed to investigate stakeholders‘ perceptions on the management effectiveness of the Sabang MPA since the new system was established. Four groups of stakeholders including manager, researcher, fishermen, and local business operator were included. Due to low population numbers in the region, a census was used. In general, the management effectiveness of the area has been perceived by most of stakeholders, it improved the resource condition, help to decrease the conflicts among stakeholders, increase in ecotourism and generate income for the community of the region. However, some expectations were not being fully accomplished. The regulation on fishing activity of the region by excluding the line fishing may not seem to be appropriate, as the most threat perceived by stakeholders was still the overfishing. All stakeholders also believed that they were all important and needed to be included in the decision making processes, while high percentages of stakeholders believed that fishers and tourists do not need to be included in the planning and managing processes. The business operator was the only one group with high percentage (75-88%) to believe that tourists need to be included in both processes. The results also showed that about 50% of all stakeholders (except for manager) never involved in the decisions making processes. There were about 36% of fishers and 21% of researchers did not understand, and 39% (on average) of all stakeholders partially understand current regulations deployed in the region. High percentage (~30 to 40%) of fishers and business operators also indicated that current regulations were not socially acceptable, and the regulation design processes was not participatory. The possible reasons of these observations and implications in relation to the future management success of the Sabang MPA were discussed.
What is joint forest management?
The adoption of Joint Forest Management (JFM) laid the foundation s for decentralized, bottom-up approach to forest governance in India. Despite claims of creating successful linkages between everyday forest use by local communities and the conservation goals of the states, studies have questioned the validity of such claims within JFM. Sikkim, one of India's richest states in forest resources, is home to several communities dependent on forests for their livelihoods. Despite an increase in forest cover since its adoption in 1998, JFM in Sikkim has failed to achieve sustained community interest and meaningful participation, and has done little to reduce conflicts between local communities and the government over forest use and management. This paper explores how collaborative management through the processes of facilitation and ongoing dialogue between government agencies and the locals, could help create an environment conducive to social and joint learning, leading to better management of forest resources.
What are the environmental challenges of agriculture?
Environmental challenges to natural resources have been attributed to human behavior and traditional agricultural production techniques. Natural resource degradation in agriculture has always been a prime concern in agro ecological research and sustainability analysis. There are many techniques for assessing environmental performance; one of which, ecological footprint (EF), assesses human pressure on the environment and natural resources. The main purpose of this study was calculation of ecological indices including biocapacity (BC) and EF of rural areas of Fars province of Iran. The study was accomplished using survey and structured interviews consisting of three main questionnaires in two different steps. Different agricultural stakeholders, including farmers (for the first step) as well as the policymakers, extension managers and authorities (for the second step) were interviewed. Based on multi-stage stratified random sampling, 50 villages and 423 farmers were selected. Face validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed by a panel of specialists as well as conducting a pilot study, respectively. The paradigmatic perspectives of agricultural policy makers and managers (22 individuals) were also analyzed using another specific questionnaire by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Findings revealed that most of the studied villages faced a critical environmental condition due to the results of ecological indicator which was calculated in the study. According to the four main components of human ecology (POET model) including Population , Organization , Environment and Technology , village groups that differed in terms of sustainability level also showed significantly differences due to population, social participation, use of green technologies and attitude towards diverse environmental management paradigms. The causal model also revealed that population, green technology, social participation and attitude toward frontier economics, which were in accordance with the elements of human ecology model, were the main factors affecting the ecological index. Finally, AHP results determined the dominant economic perspectives of agricultural authorities. A paradigm shift toward the comprehensive paradigm of eco-development plus consideration of the results of the ecological indicator calculation as the base of agricultural planning at the local level were recommended.
How does agriculture affect the environment?
Agriculture is one of the primary activities that affects the environment due to natural resources consumption. Therefore, systematic environmental management for the agricultural sector is required. This study was conducted to analyze the paradigmatic perspective and strategies of agricultural environmental management in Iran. Considering basic criteria of environmental management, three paradigms of frontier economics, eco-development and deep ecology were compared using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The AHP, is a multi-criteria decision making techniques which is useful when there are different alternatives or indicators in decision making. Comparisons were based on the viewpoints of 117 policy makers, superior managers and main elites and agriculture sector researchers. Environmental managerial strategies also have been studied. Findings revealed paradoxes among the paradigmatic perspectives and selected strategies of different agricultural stakeholders which reduce their effective interactions. Frontier economics is the dominant viewpoint of key agricultural policy makers and other governmental executives. They prefer independent reactive strategies to cope with environmental challenges. Agricultural researchers and private sector authorities believe in eco-development. They have selected cooperative proactive strategies in this regard. Finally, deep ecology has the highest priority according to environmental specialists, who endorse strategic maneuvering and believe in modifying, rethinking and redesigning previous strategies. A paradigm shift, as well as consistency between paradigmatic perspectives and executive strategies, is suggested.
What is the role of the public in the Himalayan region?
This research considered the role of the public both within and outside of development decision-making processes in these high mountain environments using the proposed Himalayan Ski Village (HSV) in Manali as a case study. The qualitative data revealed that there has been an extensive array of public participation activity related to the HSV project over approximately 10 years. Very little of this activity has evolved, however, through the formal decision-making process. Rather, most participation activities, such as general house meetings, objection letters, public rallies, court cases against the proposed project, and a religious congregation were instigated by the public to protest the proposed development. The findings also show that involvement in the participatory activities undertaken by the public and project proponent fostered instrumental and communicative learning outcomes.
What is participatory approach to environmental management?
While the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM) has tended to be centralized, adopting a narrow conception of ‘environment’, there is a growing body of literature supporting a participatory approach which is decentralized, community oriented and holistic in its view of the environment. This paper examines the main principles underlying this development and assesses the opportunities and constraints associated with it. It concludes that, while participation is conducive to a localized and inclusive approach to EM, many questions remain about the extent to which it is meaningful in practice or can be institutionalized.
Is environmental management centralized?
While the mainstream approach to environmental management ( EM) has tended to be centralized, adopting a narrow conception of ‘ environment’, there is a growing body of literature supporting a participatory approach which is decentralized, community oriented and holistic in its view of the environment. This paper examines the main principles ...
Why is community management important?
Community management of local resources or a decentralised strategy has assumed importance as it is expected to protect livelihoods and lead to a more sustainable management of resources. Another argument often made in defence of community management of natural resources relates to the indigenous/women’s knowledge systems, which are embedded in a particular community or context. Shiva argues “developing world women tribal and peasants act as intellectual gene pools of ecological categories of thought and action”.
What are the different conceptions and debates on environment development connections?
Different conceptions and debates on environment development connections by conservationists, develop-mentalists, women activists, tribals and other marginalised groups reveals that each one has a different position or emphasis on issues such as conservation, subsistence needs of the poor, particularly women; economic growth models and sustainability of critical resources, threats to ecosystems and issues of equity and distribution of costs and benefits in the management of natural resources.
How are natural resources managed?
Over the years, various approaches for natural resource management have been outlined — both formal and informal arrangements — to support participatory processes on the grounds of efficiency, involving local people and building a partnership between the state and the community through appropriate institutional arrangements. Within the agenda of decentralised management of natural resources, one can identify several institutional arrangements such as self-initiated user groups, formal community groups established through government initiatives (Joint Forest Management or Watershed Management) and institutions of Local Self- Government (Panchayati Raj institutions). These local institutional arrangements shape the choices, priorities and bargaining systems to change state- community dynamics.
What is participatory strategy?
Participative strategy in leadership is the practice of engaging in a team-based democratic approach to advance a company, business, or project forward. The initial concept of this leadership style can be found in the Hawthorne experiments, which were conducted at Hawthorne Works in Illinois back in the 1930s—though their findings were linked ...
Why is participatory leadership important?
That’s because this kind of leadership takes time, especially if you’re working with a larger team or company.
How does participative leadership work?
Rather than employing a top-down approach to managing a team, everyone works together for the decision-making process and address company issues, sometimes employing an internal vote to address problems or challenges . It’s more of a democratic approach to leadership, where everyone in the company or organization gets a say in how things operate. Leaders encourage, involve, and utilize participation from everyone in decision-making and work —this makes group members feel better, improves morale, and helps everyone buy in to the goals of the organization. While it’s true that participative leadership isn’t necessarily the right approach for every company, its principles can still be applied within departments at larger companies or in smaller team settings within those departments.
Why is participation important in leadership?
Higher morale: Participative leadership also supports employee well-being by making employees a more active part of the organization. When employees feel like more than just a number, they’re more likely to engage in company policy and enjoy their work.
What are some examples of organizations that use participatory leadership?
Some of the industries, organizations, and businesses where this kind of participation works best include universities, technology companies, and construction firms or other businesses where co-ownership is baked into the foundation of the company. Additionally, creative environments can benefit from a participative leader, where a group approach to brainstorming can create unique opportunities for problem-solving.
When employees feel they’ve had more of a hand in making the decisions that affect a project or company,?
Policy adoption: When employees feel they’ve had more of a hand in making the decisions that affect a project or company, they’re more likely to accept those decisions and work to execute them with more enthusiasm.
Is there a specific way to engage in this kind of participation?
There’s not one specific way to engage in this kind of participation—in fact, the practice exists on a spectrum that spans the high end of full company participation to the lower end of employee input that ultimately guides leadership in making their own decisions. The different approaches to participative leadership include:
