Specific Heat Capacity The specific heat capacity is defined as the quantity of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature increases 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/ (kg K) or J/ (kg °C). From: Experiment and Calculation of Reinforced Concrete at Elevated Temperatures, 2011 Download as PDF About this page
Q.1. What is specific heat capacity and why is it important?
Ans: Specific heat capacity is a measure of the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of (1;{rm{kg}}) of material by (1;{rm{K}})...
Q.2. What factors affect the specific heat capacity?
Ans: Specific heat capacity mainly depends on three factors i. The change in the temperature ii. The substance and phase of the substance
Q.3. What is the specific capacity of water?
Ans: For liquid at room temperature and pressure, the value of the specific heat capacity of water is approximately (4.2{mkern 1mu} {rm{J}}{rm{g}}{...
Q.4. Discuss the role of the high specific heat capacity of water regarding climate in coastal areas...
Ans: The specific heat capacity of water is five times higher than the specific heat capacity of sand(or earth). Hence Sand(or earth) gets heated o...
What is the unit of heat capacity?
We know that the heat capacity, C = Δ Q Δ T. The S I unit of heat ( Q) is J and S I unit of temperature is K. So the S I unit of heat capacity ( C) will be J K – 1.
What is the heat capacity of a sample?
Heat capacity is an extensive property, meaning that it is dependent upon the size / mass of the sample. It means that if a sample containing twice the amount of substance as another sample then it would require twice the amount of heat energy ( Q) to achieve the same change in temperature.
How do different substances respond to heat?
Different substances respond to heat in different ways. The amount of rising in temperature of different substances will depend on the heat capacities of those substances. Let if a metal chair is kept in the bright sun on a hot day, it may become quite hot to the touch. An equal mass of water under the same sun exposure will not become nearly as hot. This means that water has a high heat capacity (the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by 1 o C ). Water is very resistant to changes in temperature, while metals generally are not. So we can say that the heat-storing capacity of water is more than the same mass of iron for the same rise in temperature.
How does heat gain or loss affect the temperature of an object?
When heat is gained or lost by an object, there will be corresponding energy changes within that object. A temperature change is associated with changes in the average kinetic energy of the particles within the object. When the heat is supplied to the object, the average kinetic energy of the particles within the object increase, which cause the corresponding temperature to rise. This rise in temperature of the object depends on the amount of heat supplied and a thermal property known as heat capacity.
How much heat does water have?
Water has an extremely high specific heat capacity approximately equals to 4.2 J / g o C ., which makes it good for temperature regulation.
Is heat capacity an intensive property?
From the above definitions, we can see that heat capacity is an extensive property . This means that it varies on the amount of the Substance (mass of the substance). For example, 50 grams of iron will have a different heat capacity as 100 grams of the same substance. Meanwhile, specific heat capacity is an intensive property . Using the same example, 50 grams of iron will have the same specific heat capacity as 100 grams of iron.
What is the heat capacity of a substance?
The heat capacity of a substance per unit mass is called the specific heat capacity (cp) of the substance . The subscript p indicates that the heat capacity and specific heat capacity apply when the heat is added or removed at constant pressure.
What are specific heats?
The properties cv and cp are referred to as specific heats (or heat capacities) because under certain special conditions they relate the temperature change of a system to the amount of energy added by heat transfer. Their SI units are J/kg K or J/mol K. Two specific heats are defined for gases, one for constant volume (cv) and one for constant pressure (cp).
How does heat affect different substances?
Different substances are affected to different magnitudes by the addition of heat. When a given amount of heat is added to different substances, their temperatures increase by different amounts. This proportionality constant between the heat Q that the object absorbs or loses and the resulting temperature change T of the object is known as the heat capacity C of an object.
What is the heat capacity of a substance per unit mass called?
Heat capacity is an extensive property. The heat capacity of a substance per unit mass is called the specific heat capacity (cp). It is proportionality constant between the heat and temperature. Thermal Engineering
What law of thermodynamics states that a gas is a constant volume process?
According to the first law of thermodynamics, for constant volume process with a monatomic ideal gas the molar specific heat will be:
Is heat capacity an intensive property?
Heat capacity is an extensive property of matter, meaning it is proportional to the size of the system. Heat capacity C has the unit of energy per degree or energy per kelvin. When expressing the same phenomenon as an intensive property, the heat capacity is divided by the amount of substance, mass, or volume, thus the quantity is independent of the size or extent of the sample.
Is Cp greater than molar specific heat?
This Cp is greater than the molar specific heat at constant volume Cv, because energy must now be supplied not only to raise the temperature of the gas but also for the gas to do work because in this case volume changes.
What is specific heat capacity?
Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat requires to raise the temperature of a substance (let’s say 1 kg of mass) by 1 kelvin. The specific heat of a substance represented by symbol C can be formulated as:
What is specific heat?
The specific heat of a substance is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of the 1-kilogram mass of the substance through 1Kelvin.
How does the temperature of a body change when heated?
Ordinarily, each time a body is heated, its temperature increases. An increase in the temperature of a body is found to be proportional to the amount of heat absorbed by it. It has also been observed that the quantity of heat ∆Q required to raise the temperature ∆T of a body is proportional to the mass m of the body. Thus the equation is,
Why is water important for thermal energy?
Water comes with a large specific heat capacity. It is very helpful in preserving and carrying thermal energy because of the high specific heat capacity.
Why is the heat capacity of water important?
The heat capacity of water contains a fantastic deal regarding controlling extremes in the environment. As an example, the fish from seas and ponds are joyful because the heat capacity of water at the pond usually means the temperature of this water tends to always be relatively the same from day to night time. They don’t really need to be worried about turning to the air conditioner or putting on warm clothes.
Is specific heat dependent on mass?
The dependence of specific heat upon temperature and mass is understandable . As the kinetic energy of an atom or molecule is proportional to temperature, so the internal energy is directly proportional to the total temperature and the range of molecules or atoms.
Does heat transfer depend on the substance?
The transferred heat depends upon the substance in order, as an instance, the heat required to raise the temperature will be not the same for alcohol compared to water. For the same substance, the ∆Q also be contingent upon the phase (gas, liquid, or solid).
What is specific heat?
Specific heat, or specific heat capacity, is a property related to internal energy that is very important in thermodynamics. Different materials react to the application of heat differently.
Is heat capacity an intensive property?
Heat capacity is an extensive property of matter, meaning it is proportional to the size of the system. Heat capacity C has the unit of energy per degree or energy per kelvin. When expressing the same phenomenon as an intensive property, the heat capacity is divided by the amount of substance, mass, or volume, thus the quantity is independent of the size or extent of the sample.
What is Heat Capacity?
The heat capacity of a substance can be defined as the amount of heat required to change its temperature by one degree.
How is heat capacity determined?
The molar heat capacity is determined by dividing the heat capacity by the sum of substance in moles.
What is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of matter by one degree Celsius?
Heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of matter by one degree Celsius.
What is the definition of heat?
Modern thermodynamics defines heat as the measure of the total internal energy of a system. In order to quantify the heat energy associated with matter and its dependence on temperature, two properties were defined.
Why is thermodynamics important?
Thermodynamics continues to play a vital role in our lives directly or indirectly. Scientists and engineers use the laws of thermodynamics to design new processes for reactions that would have high efficiency and product yield. Chemical and mechanical engineers apply the concepts of thermodynamics for designing heat engines with high efficiency and better outputs.
Why is water used in central heating?
Water’s high specific heat capacity makes it suitable for central heating systems because it can transfer a lot of energy by heating while its temperature changes just slightly.
What is the measure of an invisible fluid, caloric, present in any matter?
Before the development of thermodynamic laws, the heat was considered as the measure of an invisible fluid, caloric, present in any matter. The capability of a substance to hold this fluid was then referred to as the heat capacity of that substance.
What is specific heat?
This chemical property, known as specific heat, is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. Specific heat is usually measured in Joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/g o C)- but can also have the unit ‘calorie’.
Can specific heat be negative?
Can specific heat be negative? Not as far as we know on this planet, but possibly in some stars or gas clouds.
