What is catastrophe theory?
Catastrophe theory shows a much more dramatic decline in performance. Physiological arousal is related to performance in an inverted ‘U’ fashion when the athlete is not worried or has low cognitive anxiety state anxiety.
What is Catastrophe model in sport?
Catastrophe Model. Physiological arousal is related to performance in an inverted ‘U’ fashion when the athlete is not worried or has low cognitive anxiety state anxiety. If cognitive anxiety is high, the increases in arousal pass a point of optimal arousal and a rapid decline in performance occurs (the catastrophe).
What is the catastrophe model of anxiety?
Catastrophe Model. Cognitive anxiety – psychological, e.g. worry about failing. (NB – cognitive most crucial in determining performers reaction to high levels of stress). The catastrophe theory concludes that increases in levels of cognitive anxiety will help performance if somatic anxiety is low.
What is the relationship between physiological arousal and performance?
Physiological arousal is related to performance in an inverted ‘U’ fashion when the athlete is not worried or has low cognitive anxiety state anxiety. If cognitive anxiety is high, the increases in arousal pass a point of optimal arousal and a rapid decline in performance occurs (the catastrophe).
What is the catastrophe theory in sport psychology?
Catastrophe Theory If the athlete is experiencing high levels of cognitive state anxiety as arousal rises towards the athletes threshold, the athlete experiences a dramatic drop in performance. This theory does also rely on the need for both arousal and cognitive anxiety to achieve optimal performance.
Who created the catastrophe theory of arousal?
The Cusp Catastrophe Model of Anxiety and Performance Following the original work of Thom (1975) and Zeeman (1976), Hardy and colleagues proposed a cusp catastrophe model of anxiety and performance.
What are the three theories of arousal?
There are three theories of arousal, these are: drive, inverted U, catastrophe. Each theory explains different ways arousal affects performance.
How does the catastrophe theory impact performance?
The catastrophe theory concludes that increases in levels of cognitive anxiety will help performance if somatic anxiety is low. So if the body is relaxed but the performer is feeling anxious then this anxiety can help to improve performance.
What does catastrophe theory mean?
Definition of catastrophe theory : mathematical theory and conjecture that uses topology to explain events (such as an earthquake or a stock market crash) characterized by major abrupt changes.
What does the catastrophe theory suggest?
The Catastrophe theory in sport illistrates the relationship between an athletes arousal and performance levels. The theory suggests that an athletes performance will increase if arousal also increases to an optimum point.
What is an example of arousal theory?
Examples of arousal theory include: If our arousal levels drop too low, we might seek stimulation by going out to a nightclub with friends. If our arousal levels become too elevated and we become overstimulated, we might be motivated to select a relaxing activity such as going for a walk or taking a nap.
What is the arousal theory in psychology?
The arousal theory of motivation states that people are motivated to seek out activities or situations that maintain or increase their level of arousal. Arousal can be thought of as a continuum, with low levels of arousal being associated with boredom and high levels of arousal being associated with anxiety.
Are there different types of arousal?
Arousal interaction Affective arousal can trigger physical arousal, such as in the Fight-or-Flight reaction. Cognitive arousal can lead to affective arousal, such as when we get excited about a new discovery. Affective arousal can suppress cognitive arousal, such as when anger or lust leads to unwise decisions.
How does arousal affect sports performance?
As arousal increases so does the level of performance, but only until a certain point which is usually around moderate arousal levels. Once past a moderate arousal level performance decreases. This is due to participants in sport becoming anxious if they are over aroused and there performance suffers as a consequence.
What is the catastrophe model of anxiety?
Catastrophe theory proposes that cognitive anxiety acts as the splitting factor that determines whether the effect of physiological arousal will be small and smooth, large and catastrophic or somewhere between these two extremes (Fazey & Hardy, 1988).
How does arousal and anxiety affect sports performance?
This view holds that low arousal/anxiety leads to decreases in performance, and increases in arousal/anxiety can facilitate performance up to an optimal level, however, beyond this point additional arousal/anxiety causes performance to decline.
Who came up with catastrophe theory in sport?
Summarizing catastrophe theory, Fazey and Hardy (1988) proposed four hypotheses: 1. Physiological arousal and the associated somatic anxiety are not necessarily detrimental to performance. However, they will be associated with catastrophic effects when cognitive anxiety is high. 2.
Which theory model or hypothesis did Arent and Landers 2003 focus on?
The inverted-U hypothesis proposes that there is an optimal range of arousal level for most athletes (Arent & Landers, 2003) .
What is the difference between catastrophe and physiological arousal?
Catastrophe theory shows a much more dramatic decline in performance. Physiological arousal is related to performance in an inverted ‘U’ fashion when the athlete is not worried or has low cognitive anxiety state anxiety. If cognitive anxiety is high, the increases in arousal pass a point of optimal arousal and a rapid decline in performance occurs ...
Does the catastrophe model show performance?
Catastrophe Model. Sports psychologists have noted that performance does not always gradually decrease as arousal increases, as shown in the inverted ‘U’ theory. Instead many top sports people ‘go to pieces’ in the big event. Catastrophe theory shows a much more dramatic decline in performance.
Who wrote the catastrophe model of anxiety and performance?
Hardy, L. (1990). A catastrophe model of anxiety and performance. In J. G. Jones & L. Hardy (Eds.), Stress and performance in sport. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
Does anxiety have a linear relationship with performance?
Cognitive anxiety ( worry) has a positive linear relationship with performance when physiological arousal is low (see Figure);
