What is the function of the connector proteins? They enable one parental DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand to be held together. They allow DNA synthesis to occur in the 3′ to 5′ direction.
What is the function of the connector proteins in DNA?
DNA is flexible. What is the function of the connector proteins? They enable one parental DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand to be held together. They link the leading strand DNA polymerase and the lagging strand DNA polymerase together.
What are the functions of proteins?
You can think of a protein as a string of beads in which each bead is an amino acid. There are 20 amino acids that help form the thousands of different proteins in your body. Proteins do most of their work in the cell and perform various jobs. Here are 9 important functions of protein in your body. 1. Growth and Maintenance
What are the functions of fibrous proteins?
A class of proteins known as fibrous proteins provide various parts of your body with structure, strength and elasticity. 5. Maintains Proper pH Protein plays a vital role in regulating the concentrations of acids and bases in your blood and other bodily fluids ( 16, 17 ). The balance between acids and bases is measured using the pH scale.
What are some examples of protein transporters?
For example, hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen from your lungs to body tissues. Glucose transporters (GLUT) move glucose to your cells, while lipoproteins transport cholesterol and other fats in your blood. Protein transporters are specific, meaning they will only bind to specific substances.
How do stabilizing proteins work on the DNA?
How do stabilizing proteins work on the DNA? They bind to the single-stranded DNA. They bind to the double-stranded DNA.
Which characteristic of DNA allows two connected DNA polymerases to synthesize both the leading and lagging strands?
What characteristic of DNA allows two connected DNA polymerases to synthesize both the leading and lagging strands? DNA is flexible.
Which DNA strand is synthesized continuously?
The leading strandThe leading strand is synthesized continuously, as shown in Figure 5. In contrast, the lagging strand is synthesized in small, separate fragments that are eventually joined together to form a complete, newly copied strand.
How do the strands separate during PCR?
How do the strands separate during PCR? The DNA polymerase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the two strands. The primers separate the strands during the annealing step. The high heat of the denaturation step breaks the hydrogen bonds between the two strands.
What is the name of the enzyme that separates the two strands of DNA during replication?
Helicases are enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes. There are DNA and RNA helicases. DNA helicases are essential during DNA replication because they separate double-stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied.
What is the difference between and leading and lagging strand?
The separated DNA strands form a replication fork, where both the DNA strands get replicated forming a lagging and leading strand. The major difference between a lagging and leading strand is that the lagging strand replicates discontinuously forming short fragments, whereas the leading strand replicates continuously.
What binds Okazaki fragments?
DNA ligaseOn the lagging strand, DNA synthesis restarts many times as the helix unwinds, resulting in many short fragments called “Okazaki fragments.” DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together into a single DNA molecule.
What attaches Okazaki fragments?
Newly synthesized DNA, otherwise known as Okazaki fragments, are bound by DNA ligase, which forms a new strand of DNA.
Why Okazaki fragments are formed?
Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand for the synthesis of DNA in a 5′ to 3′ direction towards the replication fork. Only one of the two strands of DNA would be replicated in an entity if not for these fragments. This would reduce the efficiency of the process of replication.
What bonds are broken in PCR?
The hydrogen bonds are broken in the double stranded DNA, creating single strands of DNA that are susceptible to copying.
Where do primers bind in PCR?
The forward primer attaches to the start codon of the template DNA (the anti-sense strand), while the reverse primer attaches to the stop codon of the complementary strand of DNA (the sense strand). The 5' ends of both primers bind to the 3' end of each DNA strand.
What breaks the hydrogen bonds in PCR?
For example, hydrogen bonds holding the two strands of DNA together are typically broken by helicase in the cell, but in PCR, high temperatures are used to break the hydrogen bonds. Both in DNA replication and in PCR, DNA polymerase then uses free nucleotides to make new daughter strands opposite each parent strand.
What is a characteristic of double-stranded DNA?
Double-stranded DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains whose nitrogenous bases are connected by hydrogen bonds. Within this arrangement, each strand mirrors the other as a result of the anti-parallel orientation of the sugar-phosphate backbones, as well as the complementary nature of the A-T and C-G base pairing.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of enzymes used to synthesize the lagging strand?
-Ligase separates the two strands of the DNA double helix. Then, DNA polymerase synthesizes the leading strand and primase synthesizes the lagging strand.
Which of the following is required to replicate the lagging strand of DNA?
Which of the following is required to replicate the lagging strand of DNA? Okazaki fragments, primase and DNA ligase.
What enzyme travels along the leading strand and assembles new nucleotides on a growing new strand of DNA?
E) helicase. The enzyme that travels along the leading strand assembling new nucleotides on a growing new strand of DNA is... A) DNA polymerase.
What are the proteins that make up the connective tissue?
Some proteins are fibrous and provide cells and tissues with stiffness and rigidity. These proteins include keratin, collagen and elastin, which help form the connective framework of certain structures in your body ( 13. Trusted Source. ). Keratin is a structural protein that is found in your skin, hair and nails.
Why are proteins important to the body?
Protein has many roles in your body. It helps repair and build your body’s tissues, allows metabolic reactions to take place and coordinates bodily functions. In addition to providing your body with a structural framework, proteins also maintain proper pH and fluid balance.
What are proteins made of?
They’re made and secreted by endocrine tissues or glands and then transported in your blood to their target tissues or organs where they bind to protein receptors on the cell surface.
How many calories are in a gram of protein?
Protein contains four calories per gram, the same amount of energy that carbs provide. Fats supply the most energy, at nine calories per gram. However, the last thing your body wants to use for energy is protein since this valuable nutrient is widely used throughout your body.
How many amino acids are in a protein?
You can think of a protein as a string of beads in which each bead is an amino acid. There are 20 amino acids that help form the thousands of different proteins in your body. Proteins do most of their work in the cell and perform various jobs.
Why do we need protein?
Your body needs protein for growth and maintenance of tissues. Yet, your body’s proteins are in a constant state of turnover. Under normal circumstances, your body breaks down the same amount of protein that it uses to build and repair tissues.
Which protein carries oxygen from the lungs to the body?
For example, hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen from your lungs to body tissues. Glucose transporters (GLUT) move glucose to your cells, while lipoproteins transport cholesterol and other fats in your blood.
What is the function of connector proteins?
What is the function of the connector proteins? They link the leading strand DNA polymerase and the lagging strand DNA polymerase together. They enable one parental DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand to be held together. They allow DNA synthesis to occur in the 3’ to 5’ direction. They produce the Okazaki fragments.
How do stabilizing proteins work on DNA?
How do stabilizing proteins work on the DNA? They form the replication fork. They bind to the single-stranded DNA. They bind to the double-stranded DNA. They use ATP to break the hydrogen bonds.
What would happen if the mRNA codon that coded for Cys was mutated in the third?
What would happen if the mRNA codon that coded for Cys was mutated in the third position from a U to an A? The amino acid Cys would still be coded. The codon would now code for Trp instead of Cys. A stop codon would be introduced prematurely.
When is the repressor protein transcribed?
When is the repressor protein transcribed? It is always transcribed. Only in the presence of tryptophan Only in the absence of tryptophan
When the cell is not in the presence of tryptophan, RNA polymerase can transcribe?
When the cell is NOT in the presence of tryptophan, RNA polymerase can transcribe mRNA. the repressor proteins bind to the operator. structural genes are not transcribed. the repressor proteins are active.
Why is the DNA synthesis of the lagging strand considered discontinuous?
Why is the DNA synthesis of the lagging strand considered discontinuous? The synthesis is moving in the opposite direction from the replication fork. The lagging strand only produces single-stranded DNA molecules. The lagging strand only requires one primer instead of multiple primers. DNA synthesis on the lagging strand occurs 3’ to 5’.
What is the function of the parental DNA in replication?
What is the function of the parental DNA in replication? It allows for the DNA to be circular. It gives the cell two complete copies of the DNA. It serves as the template for DNA replication. It is passed into the offspring of the parent.
Which protein binds to the operator?
c. the repressor proteins bind to the operator.
Which molecule binds to and activates the repressor proteins?
c. Tryptophan binds to and activates the repressor proteins; the repressor proteins, in turn, bind to the operator, preventing transcription. c. Tryptophan binds to and activates the repressor proteins; the repressor proteins, in turn, bind to the operator, preventing transcription.
What is the ribosomal subunit that initiates translation?
Initiation of translation in bacteria occurs when the ribosomal subunit binds to the 5' guanine cap, while in eukaryotes it binds to a specific nucleotide sequence. c. Bacteria have 70S ribosomes while eukaryotes have 80S ribosomes in their cytoplasm. d.
What provides the energy to break the bonds between the thymine dimers?
a. The light provides the energy to break the bonds between the thymine dimers.
Which group of DNA is used to identify thymine dimers?
d. Methyl groups identify thymine dimers in the DNA.
Can c. cause double stranded breaks in the DNA?
c. can cause double-stranded breaks in the DNA.
Which strand of DNA is linked together?
They link the leading strand DNA polymerase and the lagging strand DNA polymerase together.
Why do organisms copy their DNA?
An organism must copy its DNA to pass genetic information to its offspring
