The narrow and discontinuous coastal plain along the Mediterranean Sea features both sandy bays and rocky beaches. Further inland and rising from the coast is the Lebanon Mountain range that is around 100 miles (160 km) long and has many snow-capped peaks.Deep gorges cut through this mountain region.
What is the terrain and geography like in Lebanon?
What is the terrain and geography like in Lebanon? Lebanon is renowned for its scenic beauty, although uncontrolled development and exploitation mar many areas. Along the Mediterranean there is a narrow coastal strip, with cities, suburbs, and some banana, citrus, and olive groves.
How many miles long and wide is Mount Lebanon?
It is approximately 100 miles (160 km) long and varies in width from 6 to 35 miles (10 to 56 km). Its maximum elevation is at Qurnat al- Sawdāʾ (10,131 feet [3,088 metres]) in the north, where the renowned cedars of Lebanon grow in the shadow of the peak.
Where is Lebanon on the world map?
Lebanon, country located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea; it consists of a narrow strip of territory and is one of the world’s smaller sovereign states. The capital is Beirut.
What kind of soil do they have in Lebanon?
Soil quality and makeup in Lebanon vary by region. The shallow limestone soil of the mountains provides a relatively poor topsoil. The lower and middle slopes, however, are intensively cultivated, the terraced hills standing as a scenic relic of the ingenious tillers of the past.
What is the climate and landscape of Lebanon?
Lebanon has a Mediterranean-type climate characterized by hot and dry summers (June to September) and cool and rainy winters (December to mid-March), with an average annual temperature of 15˚C. Along the coast, summers are hot and humid with temperatures crossing 35°C in August.
What is the terrain of Lebanon like?
Geography and Climate Lebanon consists of a sometimes extremely narrow coastal plain bordering an imposing mountain range, the Lebanon Mountains (Jabal Lubnan or al-Jibal al-Gharbiya, 240 kilometres long, stretching across nearly the whole length of the country) and, more to the east, the Anti-Lebanon Mountains.
Does Lebanon have mountains?
Lebanon Mountains, Arabic Jabal Lubnān, French Mont Liban, also called Jabal Al-gharbī, or Mt. Lebanon, mountain range, extending almost the entire length of Lebanon, paralleling the Mediterranean coast for about 150 mi (240 km), with northern outliers extending into Syria.
Does Lebanon have snow?
Like Southern California, which is at the same latitude and has a similar climate, Lebanon receives snow primarily in the high mountains, where temperatures are cooler. The large image, which encompasses a wider area, also shows snow in the coastal mountains of Syria and Turkey.
Is Lebanon a desert?
Lebanon has no actual deserts.
What Lebanon is famous for?
Lebanon offers plenty: from ancient Roman ruins, to well-preserved castles, limestone caves, historic Churches and Mosques, beautiful beaches nestled in the Mediterranean Sea, world-renowned Lebanese cuisine, nonstop nightlife and discothèques, to mountainous ski resorts.
Why is Lebanon so mountainous?
Lebanon's mountainous terrain, proximity to the sea, and strategic location at a crossroads of the world were decisive factors in shaping its history. The country's role in the region, as indeed in the world at large, was shaped by trade. It serves as a link between the Mediterranean world and India and East Asia.
How much of Lebanon is desert?
The most recent number, from 2010, is 11.14%. The percentage of permanent cropland in Lebanon also went down from 13.69% to 12.32% between 2009 and 2010. According to a study done by the National Work to Fight Desertification program, over 60 percent of Lebanon's land is at risk of desertification.
Are there 4 seasons in Lebanon?
Weather and climate Lebanon has a typically Mediterranean climate. There are four distinct seasons. Summer (June to September) is hot on the coast and cooler in the mountains. Spring and autumn are warm and pleasant and are the ideal times to visit for sightseeing.
What is the coldest month in Lebanon?
JanuaryThe cool season lasts for 3.3 months, from December 11 to March 20, with an average daily high temperature below 67°F. The coldest month of the year in Beirut is January, with an average low of 53°F and high of 63°F.
What is the coldest place in Lebanon?
NabatîyéThe warmest and rainiest part of the country is Liban-Nord. The coldest is Nabatîyé.
What religions are in Lebanon?
Statistics Lebanon, an independent firm, estimates 67.6 percent of the citizen population is Muslim (31.9 percent Sunni, 31 percent Shia, and small percentages of Alawites and Ismailis). Statistics Lebanon estimates 32.4 percent of the population is Christian.
How much of Lebanon is desert?
The most recent number, from 2010, is 11.14%. The percentage of permanent cropland in Lebanon also went down from 13.69% to 12.32% between 2009 and 2010. According to a study done by the National Work to Fight Desertification program, over 60 percent of Lebanon's land is at risk of desertification.
How high are the mountains in Lebanon?
10,131′Mount Lebanon / Elevation
How many mountains are there in Lebanon?
3329 namedIn total there are 3329 named mountains in Lebanon, which makes it the 9th of the most mountainous countries in the world by % area covered in peaks.
What natural resources does Lebanon have?
Lebanon has various mineral products which include limestone, gypsum, oil, natural gas, and salt. Other important commodities include semiprecious gemstones and pearls among others.
What are the physical features of Lebanon?
Landforms, climate, soils, and vegetation undergo some sharp and striking changes within short distances. Four distinct physiographic regions may be distinguished: a narrow coastal plain along the Mediterranean Sea, the Lebanon Mountains (Jabal Lubnān), Al-Biqāʿ (Bekaa) valley, and the Anti-Lebanon and Hermon ranges running parallel to the Lebanese Mountains.
How long is the Lebanon Mountains?
The range, rising steeply from the coast, forms a ridge of limestone and sandstone, cut by narrow and deep gorges. It is approximately 100 miles (160 km) long and varies in width from 6 to 35 miles (10 to 56 km).
What are the four physiographic regions?
Four distinct physiographic regions may be distinguished: a narrow coastal plain along the Mediterranean Sea, the Lebanon Mountains (Jabal Lubnān), Al-Biqāʿ (Bekaa) valley, and the Anti-Lebanon and Hermon ranges running parallel to the Lebanese Mountains.
What is the name of the mountain range in the south of Jordan?
In the south Al-Biqāʿ becomes hilly and rugged, blending into the foothills of Mount Hermon ( Jabal al-Shaykh) to form the upper Jordan Valley. The Anti-Lebanon range (Al-Jabal al-Sharqī) starts with a high peak in the north and slopes southward until it is interrupted by Mount Hermon (9,232 feet [2,814 metres]).
What was Lebanon's political stability after the civil war?
After the end of the civil war in 1990, Lebanon gradually reclaimed a degree of relative socioeconomic and political stability; because of the continued problems of external intervention and troubled confessional relations, however, many of Lebanon’s challenges persisted into the early 21st century.
What is the capital of Lebanon?
It consists of a narrow strip of territory and is one of the world’s smaller sovereign states. The capital is Beirut.
Which country has the highest literacy rate?
Lebanon is one of the most densely populated countries in the Mediterranean area and has a high rate of literacy. Notwithstanding its meagre natural resources, Lebanon long managed to serve as a busy commercial and cultural centre for the Middle East.
What are the main features of Lebanon?from cometolebanon.com
Lebanon is divided into five ribbons like topographical areas stretching mainly in a north-south direction: 1 The 210 km (130.49 mi) long shoreline, rocky in the north and sandy in the south, including several bays and islands (The Lebanese coast) (Al-shawate'). 2 the narrow coastal plain, approximately 3 km (1.86 mi) wide (Al-Sohoul al-sahiliya). 3 the western Mount Lebanon range (Selsilat jibal Loubnan al-Gharbiya). 4 The Beqaa Valley (Al-Sohoul al Dakhiliya or Sahl al Beqa') sits between the Lebanon mountains in the west and the Anti-Lebanon range in the east. 5 The eastern Anti-Lebanon mountains (Selsilat jibal Loubnan al-Sharqiya).
What is the physical geography of Lebanon?from en.wikipedia.org
The physical geography of Lebanon is influenced by natural systems that extend outside the country. Thus, the Beqaa Valley is part of the Great Rift system, which stretches from southern Turkey to Mozambique in Africa. Like any mountainous country, Lebanon's physical geography is complex.
How many ribbons are there in Lebanon?from cometolebanon.com
Lebanon is divided into five ribbons like topographical areas stretching mainly in a north-south direction:
How wide is Juniyah?from en.wikipedia.org
A few kilometers south at Juniyah the approximately 1.5-kilometer-wide plain is succeeded by foothills that rise steeply to 750 metres (2,460 ft) within 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) from the sea. For the most part, the coast is abrupt and rocky. The shoreline is regular with no deep estuary, gulf, or natural harbor.
What is the waste management system in Lebanon?from en.wikipedia.org
Sukleen, Lebanon's largest waste disposal company has a waste management process that goes through several stages, including clean-up and collection, sorting and composting, and burial. However, many argue that Lebanon needs a much better system for disposal of waste to reduce pollution and environmental degradation. The Litani River is Lebanon's largest river and many farms use the river's water to irrigate land and crops. Because of Lebanon's poor waste management system, a lot of waste and pollution ends up in the Litani and contaminates the crops, in turn endangering the health of consumers and farmers alike, contributing to environmental degradation, as well as hurting the agricultural reputation and economy.
What is the largest waste disposal company in Lebanon?from en.wikipedia.org
Sukleen , Lebanon's largest waste disposal company has a waste management process that goes through several stages, including clean-up and collection, sorting and composting, and burial. However, many argue that Lebanon needs a much better system for disposal of waste to reduce pollution and environmental degradation.
What are the factors that affect the quality of water in Lebanon?from en.wikipedia.org
The factors with the greatest effect on quality and quantity of water resources in Lebanon are population growth, urbanization (88% of the population now lives in urban areas), economic growth, and climate change.
Where is Lebanon?
Lebanon is a small Middle East nation situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea in Western Asia. It is located in Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the Earth. Lebanon borders has land borders with two countries. It is bounded in the northern and eastern parts by Syria; in the southern part by Israel; in the western part by the Mediterranean Sea. The country shares its maritime borders with Cyprus.
What is the name of the valley between the Lebanon Mountains and the Anti Lebanon Mountains?
Between the Lebanon Mountains to the west and the parallel running Anti-Lebanon Mountains in the east is the Al-Biqāʿ valley. This valley is part of the East African Rift System and features fertile soils.
What is the most important port in Lebanon?
It is also Lebanon’s most populous city as well as the country’s important commercial hub. The Port of Beirut is Lebanon’s main seaport and also the busiest and largest port in the Mediterranean region.
What is the shape of Lebanon?
The above map is of Lebanon, a sovereign country in the Middle East. As can be observed on the map, Lebanon is roughly rectangular in shape. It tapers towards the extreme north and south. It has an average width of 56 km (35 mi).
What is the topography of Lebanon?
The topography of Lebanon can be distinguished into four distinct physiographic regions as observed on the physical map of the country above. The narrow and discontinuous coastal plain along the Mediterranean Sea features both sandy bays and rocky beach es.
Where is Beirut located?
qadaa) and further smaller subdivisions. Located on a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea coast is Beirut – the capital and largest city of Lebanon. It is also Lebanon’s most populous city as well as the country’s important commercial hub.
Which river flows through the mountains?
Over a dozen minor rivers flow from the mountains, with the Litani the most significant, as it irrigates the heart of the fertile Bekaa Valley.
What was the impact of the civil war on Lebanon?
The civil war led to a substantial return of people to their villages and to a large migration abroad, primarily to the United States, Europe, Latin America, Australia, and parts of the Middle East; within Lebanon, it also led to a process of population dispersal and exchange in many areas that had previously been characterized by the coexistence of Christians and Muslims, and postwar efforts to reverse this process through programs meant to resettle the displaced were not immediately successful. Following the warfare between Hezbollah (Lebanese Shiʿi militant group and political party) and Israeli armed forces in 2006, many more Lebanese citizens—an estimated one million residents, particularly those living in the country’s south—were displaced from their homes.
What are the demographic characteristics of Lebanon?
One of the most salient demographic features of Lebanon is the uneven distribution of its population. The country’s overall population density varies regionally and is on the whole much lower than that of Beirut and the surrounding area but much higher than that of the most sparsely populated Al-Biqāʿ valley.
What is the vegetation in Lebanon?
The natural vegetation, however, has been grazed, burned, and cut for so long that little of it is regenerated. What survives is a wild Mediterranean vegetation of brush and low trees, mostly oaks, pines, cypresses, firs, junipers, and carobs.
What is the climate of Lebanon?
The climate of Lebanon is generally subtropical and is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, humid winters. Mean daily maximum temperatures range ...
Why are villages in the south poorer?
Villages in the south have been generally poorer and less stable: local agricultural land is less fertile, and, because of their proximity to Israel, many villages were subject to frequent dislocation, invasion, and destruction from the beginning of the civil war in 1975 until the end of the Second Lebanon War in 2006.
What is the Maronites?
Maronites, a Roman Catholic Eastern rite group that originated in the region , make up more than one-fifth of the population . A number of other Christian communities are also present, including the Greek Orthodox and the Greek Catholics.
What are the animals that live in Lebanon?
Among the smaller animals, deer, wildcats, hedgehogs, squirrels, martens, dormice, and hares are found. Numerous migratory birds from Africa and Europe visit Lebanon. Flamingos, pelicans, cormorants, ducks, herons, and snipes frequent the marshes; eagles, buzzards, kites, falcons, and hawks inhabit the mountains; and owls, kingfishers, cuckoos, and woodpeckers are common.
What is Lebanon known for?from theculturetrip.com
Lebanon is known, in the region, for its natural wealth and beauty. With unparalleled green expanses and a history stretching as far back as the earliest of human activity, the country is littered with small natural treasures. If you’re looking for beautiful sites around Lebanon, here are the most stunning.
What is the history of Lebanon?from nationalgeographic.com
At the center of the often tumultuous eastern Mediterranean, Lebanon has preserved its ancient history, cultivated an acclaimed wine industry, and brought once glamorous Beirut out of the rubble of war. Ancient cities like Tyre are replete with ruins, including this preserved Roman road and arch. In Roman times, Tyre was known for ...
What did the girl wave in Lebanon?from gettyimages.com
Girl waves a flag as thousands of Lebanese protesters rally against sectarian government and call for the removal of the country's entire political...
What is a protective mask in Lebanon?from gettyimages.com
Lebanese employee wearing a protective mask looks at a bed in a ward where the first case of coronavirus in the country is being treated, at the... Man stands outside a currency exchange company booth in the Lebanese capital Beirut on October 1, 2019. - Lebanon's central bank announced Monday...
Why do people wave flags in Lebanon?from gettyimages.com
Lebanese protesters wave national flags during demonstrations to demand better living conditions and the ouster of a cast of politicians who have...
When was the grotto in Lebanon discovered?from theculturetrip.com
Located in the Nahr Al Kalb valley, the grotto was discovered in 1836 by Reverend William Thomson, an American missionary.
When is the one year anniversary of the protests in Lebanon?from gettyimages.com
People wave Lebanese flags and chant to mark the one-year anniversary of anti-government protests on October 17, 2020 in Beirut, Lebanon. On the one...
What is Lebanon known for?
Answer. Mentioned only in the Old Testament, Lebanon is best known for its trees and mountain range. The Bible mentions Lebanon 71 times, but only in reference to its natural features and not as a specific state or nation. Significantly, Lebanon means “white,” undoubtedly a reference to the country’s white, snow-capped mountain range ...
What was the valley of Lebanon?
Later, when Joshua led the conquests to take parts of the Promised Land, the valley of Lebanon was included as one of the regions that was taken ( Joshua 12:7 ). Home to famed forests and a beautiful mountain range, Lebanon was a source of valuable lumber for the Israelites. The cedar tree of Lebanon, which is featured on the modern flag ...
Why is the cedar tree on the flag of Lebanon?
The cedar tree of Lebanon, which is featured on the modern flag of Lebanon, was prized because of its high-quality, fragrant timber. Solomon used cedar trees from Lebanon in the construction of the temple, as well as in the building of his palace, which was called “the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon” ( 1 Kings 5:5–6; 7:1–3 ).
Is Lebanon in the Promised Land?
Scripture includes Lebanon as being within the Promised Land. Moses and Joshua both mention Lebanon when talking about the Promised Land and its boundaries ( Deuteronomy 1:7; 3:25; Joshua 1:4 ). This correlates with Deuteronomy 11:24, which states, “Every place where you set your foot will be yours: Your territory will extend from the desert to Lebanon, and from the Euphrates River to the Mediterranean Sea.” Later, when Joshua led the conquests to take parts of the Promised Land, the valley of Lebanon was included as one of the regions that was taken ( Joshua 12:7 ).
Overview
Lebanon is a small country in the Middle East, located at approximately 34˚N, 35˚E. It stretches along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and its length is almost three times its width. From north to south, the width of its terrain becomes narrower. Lebanon's mountainous terrain, proximity to the sea, and strategic location at a crossroads of the world were decisive factors in shaping its history.
Physical geography and regions
The area of Lebanon is 10,452 square kilometres (4,036 sq mi). The country is roughly rectangular in shape, becoming narrower toward the south and the farthest north. Its widest point is 88 kilometres (55 mi), and its narrowest is 32 kilometres (20 mi); the average width is about 56 kilometres (35 mi). Because Lebanon straddles the northwest of the Arabian Plate, it is sometimes geopolitically grouped together with nations with adjacent tectonic proximations such as Syria, …
Climate
Lebanon has a Mediterranean climate characterized by a long, hot, and dry summer, and a cool, rainy winter. Fall is a transitional season with a lowering of temperature and little rain; spring occurs when the winter rains cause the vegetation to revive. Topographical variation creates local modifications of the basic climatic pattern. Along the coast, summers are warm and humid, with litt…
Area and boundaries
Area Total: 10,452 km (4,036 sq mi) Land: 10,282 km (3,970 sq mi) Water: 170 km (66 sq mi)
Land boundaries: Total: 454 km (282 mi) Border countries:Israel 79 km (49.1 mi), Syria 375 km (233 mi)
Coastline: 225 km (140 mi)
Maritime claims: Territorial sea: 12 nmi (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) Exclusive Economic Zone: 19,516 km (…
Resources and land use
Limestone, iron ore, salt, water-surplus state in a water-deficit region, arable land
Land use: arable land: 10.72% permanent crops: 12.06% other: 77.22% (2011)
Irrigated land: 1,040 km (401.55 sq mi) (2011)
Total renewable water resources: 4.5 km (1.1 cu mi) (2011)
Water is becoming a scarce resource in Lebanon due to climate change, which leads to different …
Environmental concerns
Natural hazards include dust storms.
Current environmental degradation concerns include deforestation, soil erosion, desertification, air pollution in Beirut from vehicular traffic and the burning of industrial wastes, and pollution of coastal waters from raw sewage and oil spills.