Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) refers to abnormal-appearing cells in the milk-producing lobules of the breast. This is considered a non-cancerous condition that increases a woman's risk for breast cancer. When cancers spread into the surrounding tissues, they are termed infiltrating cancers.
What medications cause breast cancer?
- HER2-positive breast cancer has an excess of HER2 genes or receptors.
- It is present in about 1 out of every 5 invasive breast cancers.
- The test for this gene determines the risk of the breast cancer returning and can help to determine the best treatment that is directed against HER2.
Will I need chemotherapy for my breast cancer?
There is no standard drug or drug combination for advanced breast cancer. Chemotherapy is given as long as the cancer responds to it and the side effects do not cause problems. Once the cancer no longer responds to the treatment, doctors may offer a different drug.
What is the medical definition of breast cancer?
Definition of Breast cancer. Breast cancer: Cancer of the tissue containing or involving the milk glands (mammary tissue).
Are some breast cancer patients getting too much radiation?
New research shows that two-thirds of women receiving treatment for early-stage breast cancer are undergoing radiation for too long. Also, a new warning over poor sleep. Eboni Williams reports on the day's top health news.
What are the 4 types of breast cancer?
Types of breast cancer include ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer.
What is the medical abbreviation for breast cancer?
List of Abbreviations5-FU5-Fluorouracil (anti cancer drug)D/CDischargeD/HDrug HistoryD/WDiscussed WithDCISDuctal Carcinoma In Situ - type of breast cancer232 more rows
What is a medical term for cancer?
Cancer may also be called malignancy, a malignant tumor, or a neoplasm (literally, a new growth).
What is a breast medical term?
Also called mammary gland.
What does TNM mean in medical terms?
A system to describe the amount and spread of cancer in a patient's body, using TNM. T describes the size of the tumor and any spread of cancer into nearby tissue; N describes spread of cancer to nearby lymph nodes; and M describes metastasis (spread of cancer to other parts of the body).
What does EBL mean in medical terms?
EBL, estimated blood loss.
What is the another name of cancer?
Malignant (muh-LIG-nunt): cancerous. Malignancy is another word for cancer.
What is medical terminology?
0:0014:59Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 1 - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipHey everyone JJ here in this lesson I'm gonna be talking to you guys about medical terminologyMoreHey everyone JJ here in this lesson I'm gonna be talking to you guys about medical terminology medical terminology is like learning like a different language it's and it pretty much is like a
Which type of breast cancer is the most common?
Invasive ductal carcinoma, also known as infiltrating ductal carcinoma or IDC, is the most common form of breast cancer, accounting for 80% of all breast cancer diagnoses.
What is the suffix for breast?
masto-a combining form meaning “breast,” used in the formation of compound words: mastopathy.
What is the prefix of mammogram?
mammogram. Prefix: Prefix Definition: 1st Root Word: mamm/o. 1st Root Definition: breast.
Where does breast cancer start?
Breast cancers can start from different parts of the breast. Most breast cancers begin in the ducts that carry milk to the nipple (ductal cancers) Some start in the glands that make breast milk (lobular cancers) There are also other types of breast cancer that are less common like phyllodes tumor and angiosarcoma.
What is the fluid in the breast called?
The clear fluid inside the lymph vessels, called lymph, contains tissue by-products and waste material, as well as immune s ystem cells. The lymph vessels carry lymph fluid away from the breast. In the case of breast cancer, cancer cells can enter those lymph vessels and start to grow in lymph nodes. Most of the lymph vessels of the breast drain ...
Where do lymph vessels drain from breast?
Most of the lymph vessels of the breast drain into: Lymph nodes under the arm (axillary nodes) Lymph nodes around the collar bone (supraclavicular [above the collar bone] and infraclavicular [below the collar bone] lymph nodes) Lymph nodes inside the chest near the breast bone ( internal mammary lymph nodes) If cancer cells have spread ...
What are the proteins that are tested for breast cancer?
Once a biopsy is done, breast cancer cells are tested for proteins called estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and HER2. The tumor cells are also closely looked at in the lab to find out what grade it is.
What can help decide treatment options for breast cancer?
The specific proteins found and the tumor grade can help decide treatment options. To learn more about specific types of breast cancer and tests done on the breast cancer cells, see Understanding a Breast Cancer Diagnosis.
Can breast cancer spread outside the breast?
Non-cancerous breast tumors are abnormal growths, but they do not spread outside of the breast. They are not life threatening, but some types of benign breast lumps can increase a woman's risk of getting breast cancer.
Can breast cancer be seen on x-rays?
Breast cancer cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. Breast cancer occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get breast cancer, too. It’s important to understand that most breast lumps are benign and not cancer (malignant). Non-cancerous breast tumors are abnormal growths, ...
How to determine breast cancer grade?
In the breast, the overall grade score is calculated by looking at the mitotic rate, the nuclear grade or atypia, and the degree of gland formation. The final grade will be either grade 1, 2 or 3. In general, a higher tumor grade is associated with more aggressive behavior.
What is absolute risk in breast cancer?
Relative risk compares risks between groups, while absolute risk is the total chance that something such as a disease will occur in a certain time period.
What is the term for swelling of a part of the body from excess fluid?
Edema. Swelling of a part of the body from excess fluid (see also lymphedema ). Epithelial cell. A type of cell in the body that makes up many different tissue types, including the ducts and lobules of the breast. These specialized epithelial cells are called the “ductal” or “luminal” cells of the breast.
What is the term for the tissue under the armpit?
Axilla. The technical term for the tissue in the underarm area (“armpit”). Axillary lymph node dissection. A surgical procedure in which the surgeon examines the fat in the axilla (underarm) for lymph nodes, which are subsequently sent to pathology to be examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer.
What is a core biopsy?
Core biopsy. Thin pieces of tissue taken with a thin needle; the tissue is sent to pathologists to evaluate and make a diagnosis. Core needle biopsies of the breast are performed with the use of radiographic imaging done at the same time to guide the needle into the correct location.
What type of cells are involved in cancer?
Cancers can arise from epithelial cells (“carcinomas”), melanocytes (“melanomas"), stromal or connective tissue cells (“sarcomas”), and lymphoid cells (“lymphomas and leukemias”). Carcinoma. A type of cancer arising from an epithelial cell. Carcinoma in-situ.
What are biomarkers in cancer?
Blood vessel. A tubular structure that carry blood both to and from various parts of the body.
What is early breast cancer?
Early Breast Cancer#N#Cancer that is contained in the breast or has only spread to lymph nodes in the underarm area. This term often describes stage I and stage II breast cancer.
How many women have breast cancer in one year?
This means the one-year absolute risk of breast cancer for a 30- to 34-year-old woman is 29 per 100,000 women (about 1 per 3,450 women). Acupuncture. Use of very thin needles inserted at precise points on the body. It may help control pain and other side effects of breast cancer treatment or the cancer itself.
What is the name of the test done to detect the amount of HER2 protein on the surface of the cancer cells
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) A lab test done on tumor tissue to detect the amount of HER2 protein on the surface of the cancer cells. Implant (Breast Implant) An “envelope” containing silicone, saline or both, that is used to restore the breast form after a mastectomy (or for other cosmetic reasons).
What is a benign breast change?
A benign (not cancer) breast change in which the breast responds to trauma with a firm, irregular mass, often years after the event. The mass is the result of fatty tissue dying, after either surgery or blunt trauma to the breast. This breast change does not increase risk of breast cancer. Fibroadenoma.
What does it mean when a breast cancer cell has a high number of receptors?
A high number of hormone receptors on a breast cancer cell often means the cancer cell needs the hormone to grow. Hormone Receptor Status. Shows whether or not a breast cancer needs hormones to grow. A hormone receptor-positive (estrogen and/or progesterone receptor-positive) cancer needs hormones to grow.
Is atypical hyperplasia a cancer?
The proliferating cells look abnormal under a microscope. Although atypical hyperplasia is not breast cancer, it increases the risk of breast cancer. Autologous. A blood donation or tissue graft from a person’s own body rather than from another person (a donor).
Is BSE a good breast cancer screening tool?
BSE is not recommended as a breast cancer screening tool because it has not been shown to decrease breast cancer death. Breast Tomosynthesis (3D Digital Mammography, Digital Tomosynthesis) A tool that uses a digital mammography machine to take multiple 2-dimensional (2D) X-ray images of the breast.
What is breast cancer?
Breast cancer. Definition. Breast cancer is caused by the development of malignant cells in the breast. The malignant cells originate in the lining of the milk glands or ducts of the breast (ductal epithelium), defining this malignancy as a cancer. Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled division leading to abnormal growth and the ability ...
Where does breast cancer occur?
Breast cancer arises in the milk-producing glands of the breast tissue. Groups of glands in normal breast tissue are called lobules. The products of these glands are secreted into a duct system that leads to the nipple.
What genes affect breast cancer?
Some studies have found that about half of all familial breast cancer cases (families in which there is a high breast cancer frequency) have mutations affecting the genes BRCA-1 or BRCA-2.
How many women died from breast cancer in 2013?
The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates that there were 232,340 cases of breast cancer in 2013, and 39,620 women died from the disease in that year. If it is found in early stages (in situ with no node involvement), the 10-year survival rate is 70% to 75% compared with 20% to 25% when the nodes are positive.
What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
Risk factors include: age. Eighty % of breast cancers are found in women over age 50. a family history of breast cancer in mother or sister.
What is the most common site of systemic metastasis in breast cancer?
Favorite sites of systemic involvement for breast cancer are the lung, bones, liver, skin, and soft tissue.
How many cases of breast cancer are due to heredity?
Nevertheless, breast cancer due to heredity is only a small proportion of breast cancer cases; only 5%-10% of all breast cancer cases will be women who inherited a high susceptibility through their genes.
What is the term for cancer that has spread from the breast to the bones?
Bone metastases Also known as secondary breast cancer in the bone. Cancer that has spread from the breast to the bones. Bone scan A test to help identify any abnormal changes, such as tumours, infection or fractures, in the bones. Brain metastases Also known as secondary breast cancer in the brain.
What is the name of the drug that is used to treat breast cancer?
Anastrozole A hormone therapy and one of a group of drugs called aromatase inhibitors, used to treat breast cancer. Anthracyclines A group of chemotherapy drugs commonly used to treat breast cancer. Examples include doxorubicin (also known as Adriamycin) and epirubicin.
What is the role of HER2 in cancer?
HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) A protein involved in the growth of cells. Around 15–20 per cent of breast cancers have higher than normal levels of HER2 (known as HER2 positive) which helps the cancer to grow.
What is advanced breast cancer?
Advanced breast cancer Breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and the lymph nodes under the arm to other parts of the body. Also known as secondary, stage 4 or metastatic breast cancer. Adverse effect An undesired or harmful effect of a treatment. Alopecia Loss of hair from the head or body.
What is AC chemo?
AC chemotherapy A combination of the chemotherapy drugs Adriamycin (also known as doxorubicin) and cyclophosphamide. Adjuvant Treatment given after initial treatment, for example chemotherapy or radiotherapy given after surgery. Adriamycin see Doxorubicin.
What is ductal carcinoma in situ?
DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) An early type of breast cancer where the cells have not yet developed the ability to spread out of the ducts into surrounding breast tissue or to other parts of the body. Sometimes called pre-invasive, intraductal or non-invasive cancer.
What is CMF in cancer?
CMF A combination of three chemotherapy drugs – cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Cognitive impairment Difficulty concentrating or being more forgetful as a result of a cancer diagnosis or treatment. Sometimes called ‘chemo brain’ or ‘chemo fog’.
