Below is a list of populations that Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) commonly consider to be vulnerable:
- Children (i.e., minors or individuals under the legal age of consent)
- Individuals who are incarcerated (i.e., prisoners)
- Residents of a facility (such as a mental health facility, nursing home, treatment center, etc.)
- Individuals with a life-threatening illness or condition (e.g., cancer, HIV/AIDS)
What are considered underserved populations?
population, or an impact to any of the other Underserved Populations discussed in this guidance. Underserved Populations must be included in the Public Involvement process and any comments or concerns must be considered, addressed, and documented. Below is detailed information on how to actively engage Underserved Populations during the PI process.
Who are the most vulnerable people in the world?
- Their numbers - often high volumes of people with little or no resources; high exposure to disease and environmental risks; high visibility
- Conflict - most displaced people are displaced due to conflict, which they must avoid in order to remain safe. ...
- Countries receiving displaced persons often not resourced or not secure
Who are the most vulnerable groups in society?
Young people are a particularly vulnerable group in society. In fact, on account of their numbers, parents and grandparents currently constituted the most vulnerable group in society. Can the Minister give us an update on work-based learning provision for vulnerable groups in society?
What qualifies as an underserved community?
- Is a well-defined local community, neighborhood, or rural district; 2
- Qualifies as an investment area by meeting established economic distress criteria;
- Has significant unmet needs; and
- Is underserved by other depository institutions.
Which population is most susceptible to Covid?
Individuals who have pre-existing conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension, are also particularly vulnerable. With those conditions, which put the body under strain, a COVID-19 infection may be more likely to become a very severe case.
Who is most vulnerable society?
In the social realm; vulnerable populations include those living in abusive families, the homeless, immigrants, and refugees. The needs of these populations are serious, debilitating, and vital, with poor health in 1 dimension likely compounded by poor health in others.
What is vulnerable population?
Vulnerable populations include patients who are racial or ethnic minorities, children, elderly, socioeconomically disadvantaged, underinsured or those with certain medical conditions. Members of vulnerable populations often have health conditions that are exacerbated by unnecessarily inadequate healthcare.
What are two vulnerable populations?
5 Vulnerable Populations in HealthcareChronically ill and disabled. ... Low-income and/or homeless individuals. ... Certain geographical communities. ... LGBTQ+ population. ... The very young and very old.
What are the most vulnerable groups?
Vulnerable populations include the economically disadvantaged, racial and ethnic minorities, the uninsured, low-income children, the elderly, the homeless, those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and those with other chronic health conditions, including severe mental illness.
Who classed as vulnerable?
People who are still at high risk You or your child may continue to be at high risk of getting seriously ill from COVID-19, despite vaccination, if you have: Down's syndrome. certain types of cancer (such as a blood cancer like leukaemia or lymphoma) sickle cell disease.
What are the 4 main types of vulnerability?
The different types of vulnerability In the table below four different types of vulnerability have been identified, Human-social, Physical, Economic and Environmental and their associated direct and indirect losses.
Are older adults a vulnerable population?
Likewise, senior citizens are considered a vulnerable population, even if an individual elderly person is physically able to care for herself and is in full possession of her mental capacity.
Who are the most vulnerable to disaster?
One measure of the strength of a community's response and recovery system is its attentiveness to its most vulnerable citizens–children, the frail elderly, the disabled, and the impoverished and disenfranchised. It is a cruel fact: disasters discriminate.
Why are seniors a vulnerable population?
Older adults are often economically vulnerable because their cost of care can exceed their income. In particular, chronic illness increases an older adult's dependency and cost of living.
Are students considered a vulnerable population?
In addition to vulnerable subject populations such as children, prisoners, and pregnant women (covered in the subparts of the federal regulations for human subjects research), there are special classes of subjects including students, employees, and cognitively impaired individuals who may be vulnerable in terms of ...
What is meant by vulnerable groups?
A vulnerable group can be defined as a “population within a country that has specific characteristics that make it at a higher risk of needing humanitarian assistance than others or being excluded from financial and social services.
What are the factors that affect the health of vulnerable populations?
1. Chronically ill and disabled.
Why are rural areas so poor?
Americans living in rural areas often have worse health than the general population. The reason for this disparity is that rural populations experience geographic isolation, have a lower socioeconomic status, have limited job opportunities, and tend to be older.
Why do LGBTQ people avoid medical care?
Nearly 1 in 5 members of the LGBTQ community has avoided seeking medical care because they have faced or fear facing discrimination. Within the LGBTQ community, there are also significant racial differences. For instance, black transgender women are disproportionately burdened with HIV.
What are the health problems that people with lower incomes have?
People with lower incomes are also more likely to have co-occurring conditions —meaning they might have behavioral health issues, such as depression or substance use problems, as well as chronic medical conditions like obesity or diabetes.
What are the challenges of being disabled?
The chronically ill and the disabled may face special challenges in obtaining services. 2. Low-income and/or homeless individuals.
What are the mental health problems of transgender people?
A recent study has found that people who presented as transgender or gender nonconforming before their 18th birthday have a higher prevalence of mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and attention-deficit disorders compared with cisgender counterparts. 5. The very young and very old.
How many rural hospitals have closed since 2010?
The New York Times reported that people in rural America, especially pregnant women, are far from care. In addition to the fact that 85 rural hospitals have closed since 2010, fewer than half of rural counties have a hospital offering obstetric care. Native Americans living on reservations are also vulnerable.
What is a vulnerable population?
A vulnerable population is a group of people that requires greater protection than normal against the potential risks of participating in research. Individuals in vulnerable populations may have a higher risk of negative outcomes as a result of participating in a research study, they may have a reduced capacity or ability to give consent, ...
What is a debilitating mental health condition?
Individuals with a debilitating mental health condition or cognitive impairment. Pregnant women. Victims of traumatic events (e.g., abuse, natural disasters) Individuals involved in a crisis (e.g., war, natural disaster) Individuals who are economically disadvantaged.
Can IRB study a population?
In some rare cases, the IRB may not allow you to study a particular population, regardless of the ethical rigor and merit of your proposed research. This is why it is a good idea to have a discussion with your IRB in the early stages of your research if you have any plans to recruit from a vulnerable population.
What is a vulnerable population?
Vulnerable populations, defined as those at greater risk for poor health status and healthcare access, experience significant disparities in life expectancy, access to and use of healthcare services, morbidity, and mortality. Their health needs are complex, intersecting with social and economic conditions they experience.
What are the health domains of vulnerable populations?
The health domains of vulnerable populations can be divided into 3 categories: physical, psychological, and social . 4 Those with physical needs include high-risk mothers and infants, the chronically ill and disabled, and persons living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 4 Chronic medical conditions include respiratory diseases, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and heart disease. Eighty-seven percent of those 65 years and older have 1 or more chronic conditions, and 67% of this population have 2 or more chronic illnesses. 9
What are the most common chronic conditions in the US?
Among those 18 to 64 years, the most common chronic conditions are hypertension, respiratory disease, arthritis, and mental health diseases. 9 The United States spends disproportionately more on healthcare for those with chronic illnesses than for those without. Not surprising, individuals with a chronic condition are twice as likely to report they have “bad health†days as those without a chronic illness. 2 Overall, 83% of US healthcare spending is for 48% of the noninstitutionalized population with 1 or more chronic conditions. 9 Any incremental advancement achieved from outpatient intervention that improves outcomes may significantly impact healthcare costs.
What percentage of people over 65 have a chronic illness?
Eighty-seven percent of those 65 years and older have 1 or more chronic conditions, and 67% of this population have 2 or more chronic illnesses. 9. In the psychological domain, vulnerable populations include those with chronic mental conditions, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ...
How many people have multiple unmet health needs?
Overall, researchers found that about 1 of 5 US adults has multiple risk factors for unmet health needs, creating up to a 5-fold difference in the rates of these unmet needs, such as delayed medical care between those with the greatest number of risk factors and those with the least. As Shi and Stevens noted, "Low income, no health insurance coverage, and lacking a regular source of care are closely related risk factors that build upon each other to influence the likelihood of having an unmet health need due to cost."
Is chronic illness more prevalent among low income people?
Chronic illnesses are significantly more prevalent among low-income and other disadvantaged populations. Additionally, the impact of these illnesses is more severe among the unemployed, uninsured, and less educated. For example, patients with a chronic illness who have less than a high school education are 3 times more likely to report being in poor health than those with the same illness who hold a college degree. 2
What is a vulnerable population?
There are several definitions available for the term “vulnerable population”, the words simply imply the disadvantaged sub-segment of the community[1] requiring utmost care, specific ancillary considerations and augmented protections in research.
Is there uniformity in the grading of risks globally?
Presently due to disparate factors, there is neither uniformity nor equitable standards in the understanding and grading of risks globally for these populations with relevance to extent of acceptability and evaluation of quantum of risks to establish consistent safeguards in biomedical research aiding stakeholders.