What is the countercurrent multiplier mechanism?
countercurrent multiplier. a mechanism that enables a membrane to absorb much more solute than water so that the residual fluid has a lower osmotic pressure. The classical example of this phenomenon is the loop of Henle in the kidney. Called also countercurrent multiplier mechanism or system.
What is a countercurrent exchanger?
countercurrent exchanger. a countercurrent system in which transport between the inflow and the outflow is passive. countercurrent multiplier. a mechanism that enables a membrane to absorb much more solute than water so that the residual fluid has a lower osmotic pressure.
What is an example of a passive countercurrent?
a countercurrent system in which transport between the inflow and the outflow is passive. a mechanism that enables a membrane to absorb much more solute than water so that the residual fluid has a lower osmotic pressure. The classical example of this phenomenon is the loop of Henle in the kidney.
What is the meaning of countercurrent flow?
flowing in an opposite direction. a countercurrent system in which transport between the inflow and the outflow is passive. a mechanism that enables a membrane to absorb much more solute than water so that the residual fluid has a lower osmotic pressure.
What is the point of countercurrent exchange?
Countercurrent exchange and cocurrent exchange are two mechanisms used to transfer some property of a fluid from one flowing current of fluid to another across a barrier allowing one way flow of the property between them.
What is the purpose of the countercurrent multiplier quizlet?
What is the purpose of the countercurrent mechanism in the nephron? It creates a highly concentrated interstitial fluid so that urine can be concentrated by the collecting ducts when they are permeable to water.
Why is counter current important?
Fish gills use a design called 'countercurrent oxygen exchange' to maximize the amount of oxygen that their blood can pick up. They achieve this by maximizing the amount of time their blood is exposed to water that has a higher oxygen level, even as the blood takes on more oxygen.
Why is it called a countercurrent multiplier?
The structure of the loop of Henle and associated peritubular capillary create a countercurrent multiplier system (Figure 25.6. 1). The countercurrent term comes from the fact that the descending and ascending loops are next to each other and their fluid flows in opposite directions (countercurrent).
Where does the countercurrent mechanism occur?
The counter current mechanism takes place in Juxtamedullary nephron. The function of the countercurrent multiplier is to produce the hyperosmotic Medullary Interstitium. The ADH promotes water reabsorption through the walls of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
Which of the following correctly describes how the countercurrent mechanism works?
Which of the following correctly describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop? Water moves out of the descending limb; sodium moves out of the ascending limb.
What is the advantage of countercurrent flow?
One of the great advantages of counter-current flow is the possibility of extracting a higher proportion of the heat content of the heating fluid. It is important to note that the LMTD value for counter-current flow is much larger than for cocurrent flow at the same terminal temperature (see Figure 1.9).
Why is countercurrent more efficient?
Counter flow heat exchangers are inherently more efficient than parallel flow heat exchangers because they create a more uniform temperature difference between the fluids, over the entire length of the fluid path.
Why is countercurrent flow of water and blood important for fish?
The counter current system allows the maximum amount of oxygen to diffuse into the blood from the water available. This is important because there isn't much oxygen in the water, and fish need to absorb enough oxygen to survive.
What is the importance of counter current systems in renal functioning?
So,the correct answer is 'To conserve water'
What is the countercurrent multiplier system quizlet?
Countercurrent Multiplier System: Water is reabsorbed at the level of the descending loop primarily due to the active pumping of --+ (and the passive diffusion of Cl-) that happens in the ---- tubule.
What is the importance of countercurrent flow to the functioning of the nephron?
Discuss the importance of countercurrent flow to the functioning of the nephron. Countercurrent flow refers to the flow of fluid in opposite directions in parallel tubing (tubules and blood vessels). The arrangement allows gradients to develop between tubular fluid, blood, and interstitial fluid.
What is the monetary multiplier quizlet?
The money multiplier is the amount the money supply expands with each dollar increase in reserves. The Fed has direct control only over the monetary base.
What is the money multiplier in this economy quizlet?
The money multiplier is equal to 1 divided by the required reserve ratio. The Federal Reserve's use of open market operations, changes in the discount rate, and changes in the required reserve ratio to change the money supply (M1). The buying and selling of government securities by the Federal Reserve System.
What is the reserve requirement quizlet?
Required reserves def. the amount of reserves banks must hold in their vault or with the Fed that they can't lend out (as a percent of deposits) increased reserve requirement -> banks must hold more deposits as reserves, thus reducing the amount available for loans.
How does the Federal Reserve control the monetary supply quizlet?
The Fed controls the money supply primarily through open-market operations: The purchase of government bonds increases the money supply, and the sale of government bonds decreases the money supply.