- To determine the density of a substance;
- To measure the percentage of impurities in the medium;
- To determine the percentage of additional substance dissolved in water (or other basis), for example, the amount of sulfuric acid in the distillate to prepare the electrolyte.
What is the purpose of a hydrometer test?
Jan 02, 2020 · What is the purpose of a hydrometer test? Hydrometer method is used to determine the particle size distribution of fine-grained soils passing 75 µ sieve. The hydrometer measures the specific gravity of the soil suspension at the center of its bulb. Click to see full answer. Considering this, what is a hydrometer test used for?
What can you use as a hydrometer?
Sep 23, 2020 · A hydrometer is a tool that determines the density of a liquid using buoyancy. For fermentation purposes, the hydrometer is used to take what is called a gravity reading. A gravity reading tells us the amount of a substance dissolved in a liquid, this substance being mostly fermentable sugar. So, in short, a gravity reading tells us the amount ...
How is a hydrometer used to measure?
Feb 13, 2019 · A hydrometer analysis is a measurement method used to determine soil particle size in a sample. Hydrometer analysis is specifically for soil particle sizes that are less than approximately 0.75 mm in diameter. To perform the test, a hydrometer is placed in a container filled with a water and soil mixture and measurements are taken over time.
What is a hydrometer and how to use it?
Use in soil analysis. A hydrometer analysis is the process by which fine-grained soils, silts and clays, are graded.Hydrometer analysis is performed if the grain sizes are too small for sieve analysis.The basis for this test is Stoke's Law for falling spheres in a viscous fluid in which the terminal velocity of fall depends on the grain diameter and the densities of the grain in …
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS OF SOIL – WHAT, WHY & HOW?
In geotechnical engineering, hydrometer analysis is primarily used to know the grain size distribution of a fine grained soil. In this post I will share with you the following things.
What is Hydrometer?
A hydrometer is an instrument which is used to measure the relative density of a liquid. Hydrometer is made of glass and primarily consists of two parts;
Why Hydrometer is used for grain size analysis of fine grained soil?
In case of fine grained soil, sieve analysis test does not give reliable test result. This because a fine grained soil consist of different sizes of particles starting from 0.075 mm to 0.0002 mm. and it is not practicable to design sieve having so smaller screen size. Also there is a chance of lost of sample during sieving.
What is the theory behind hydrometer analysis test of soil?
Hydrometer analysis is based on Stokes law. According to this law, the velocity at which grains settles out of suspension, all other factors being equal, is dependent upon the shape, weight and size of the grain.
Why do people use hydrometers?
Motorists use a hydrometer to measure the quality of electrolyte and antifreeze. The low content of additional substances in the main medium can lead to freezing of the liquid in frost or a decrease in its level due to the rapid evaporation of water in hot summers.
What is the buoyancy force?
According to the hydrostatic law, when an object is immersed in a liquid, a buoyant force acts on it. Its value is identical to the weight of the displaced water. Since the composition of the liquid is different, the buoyancy force will be different. A sealed flask is placed in the main container with liquid.
Do hydrometers calibrate for each substance?
Since liquid substances have their own density, then hydrometers are calibrated for each of them individually. If the device is not used for its intended purpose, its performance cannot be considered correct.
Why did Archimedes plunge into a crowded bath?
This situation led him to the idea that in the same way it is possible to measure the volume of gold from which the crown of King Heron II was made (the inventor was given the task to determine whether precious jewelry was made of pure gold).
What does a hydrometer measure?
For example, hydrometers are used to measure vodka, liquor and other strong drinks, the graduation of which is within 40 degrees.
Is it safe to use technical fluid in a car?
Technical fluids in a car are often toxic and can cause damage to them during prolonged contact with the skin (especially in the case of an acid solution), therefore it is important to adhere to safety precautions when working with them. Here is what every motorist should remember:
What is a hydrometer?
Hydrometer for oil products. This category of devices is designed to measure the quality of gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel and other petroleum products. The device allows you to determine the presence of impurities that reduce the quality of the fuel. They are used not only in industrial enterprises.
Introduction
The particle size distribution of soil containing a significant number of finer particles (silt and clay) cannot be performed by sieve analysis. The hydrometer analysis is a widely used method of obtaining an estimate of the distribution of soil particle sizes from the #200 (0.075 mm) sieve to around 0.001 mm.
Practical Application
Hydrometer analysis is essential for obtaining the complete particle size distribution of such soils. Particle size distribution obtained from sieve analysis may be combined with the data from a hydrometer analysis to produce a complete gradation curve.
Objective
To determine the particle size distribution of fine-grained soil (smaller than 0.075 mm diameter grains), using a hydrometer.
Standard Reference
ASTM D7928: Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
Video Materials
A PowerPoint presentation is created to understand the background and method of this experiment.
Results and Discussions
Table 4.1: Values of effective depth based on hydrometer and sedimentation cylinder of specific sizes
Report
Use the template provided to prepare your lab report for this experiment. Your report should include the following:
What Does Hydrometer Analysis Mean?
A hydrometer analysis is a measurement method used to determine soil particle size in a sample. Hydrometer analysis is specifically for soil particle sizes that are less than approximately 0.75 mm in diameter. To perform the test, a hydrometer is placed in a container filled with a water and soil mixture and measurements are taken over time.
Corrosionpedia Explains Hydrometer Analysis
To perform a hydrometer analysis, several pieces of equipment are needed: a device to mix the soil with a dispersing agent, liquid containers, graduated cylinders and a hydrometer.
What is a hydrometer used for?
A hydrometer is an instrument used for measuring the relative density of liquids based on the concept of buoyancy. They are typically calibrated and graduated with one or more scales such as specific gravity . A hydrometer usually consists of a sealed hollow glass tube with a wider bottom portion for buoyancy, a ballast such as lead or mercury ...
Who invented the hydrometer?
An early description of a hydrometer comes from a Latin poem, written in the 2nd century AD by Remnius, who compared the use of a hydrometer to the method of fluid displacement used by Archimedes to determine the gold content of Hiero II's crown.
What is the principle of hydrometer?
The hydrometer makes use of Archimedes' principle: a solid suspended in a fluid is buoyed by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the submerged part of the suspended solid. The lower the density of the fluid, the deeper a hydrometer of a given weight sinks; the stem is calibrated to give a numerical reading.
Who was the first person to use a hydrometer?
Hypatia of Alexandria (4th-5th century AD), an important female Greek mathematician, is the first person traditionally associated with the hydrometer. In a letter, Synesius of Cyrene asks Hypatia, his teacher, to make a hydrometer for him:
What is the mark on a hydrometer?
The hydrometer sinks deeper in low-density liquids such as kerosene, gasoline, and alcohol, and less deep in high-density liquids such as brine, milk, and acids. It is usual for hydrometers to be used with dense liquids to have the mark 1.000 (for water) near the top of the stem, and those for use with lighter liquids to have 1.000 near the bottom. In many industries a set of hydrometers is used (1.0–0.95, 0.95–.) to have instruments covering the range of specific gravities that may be encountered.
What is an alcohol meter?
Alcoholometer. An alcoholmeter is a hydrometer that indicates the alcoholic strength of liquids which are essentially a mixture of alcohol and water. It is also known as a proof and Tralles hydrometer (after Johann Georg Tralles, but commonly misspelled as traille and tralle ). It measures the density of the fluid.
What is a urinometer?
A urinometer is a medical hydrometer designed for urinalysis. As urine's specific gravity is dictated by its ratio of solutes (wastes) to water, a urinometer makes it possible to quickly assess a patient's overall level of hydration.
What is a hydrometer?
Hydrometers- A Guide to applications and usage. A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (or relative density) of liquids; that is, the ratio of the density of the liquid to the density of water. A hydrometer is usually made of glass and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or lead shot ...
What is an alcoholometer?
An alcoholometer is a hydrometer which is used for determining the alcoholic strength of liquids. It is also known as a Proof and Tralles hydrometer. It only measures the density of the fluid. Certain assumptions are made to estimate the amount of alcohol present in the fluid. Alcoholometers have scales marked with volume percents of “potential alcohol”, based on a pre-calculated specific gravity. A higher “potential alcohol” reading on this scale is caused by a greater specific gravity, assumed to be caused by the introduction of dissolved sugars. A reading is taken before and after fermentation and approximate alcohol content is determined by subtracting the post fermentation reading from the pre-fermentation reading.
What is the purpose of a saccharometer?
Saccharometer. A saccharometer is a hydrometer used for determining the amount of sugar in a solution , invented by Thomas Thomson. It is used primarily by winemakers and brewers, and it can also be used in making sorbets and ice-creams.
What is hydrometer analysis?
A hydrometer analysis is the process by which fine-grained soils, silts and clays, are graded. Hydrometer analysis is performed if the grain sizes are too small for sieve analysis. The basis for this test is Stoke’s Law for falling spheres in a viscous fluid in which the terminal velocity of fall depends on the grain diameter and the densities of the grain in suspension and of the fluid. The grain diameter thus can be calculated from a knowledge of the distance and time of fall. The hydrometer also determines the specific gravity (or density) of the suspension, and this enables the percentage of particles of a certain equivalent particle diameter to be calculated.
What Is A Hydrometer?
Principle of Operation
Types of Devices
- The hydrometer shall be calibrated to determine its true depth in terms of the hydrometer reading (see Fig-2) in the following steps: 1. Determine the volume of the hydrometer bulb, VR. This may be determined in following way: By measuring the volume of water displaced. Fill a 1000-cc graduate with water to approximately 700 cc. Observe and record ...
Design and Parameters of Hydrometers
How to Use A Hydrometer
Overview of Popular Hydrometer Models
- According to legend, the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes plunged into a crowded bath, because of which water began to pour out. This situation led him to the idea that in the same way it is possible to measure the volume of gold from which the crown of King Heron II was made (the inventor was given the task to determine whether precious jewelry was made of pure gold). Any …
Related Videos
- Since liquid substances have their own density, then hydrometers are calibrated for each of them individually. If the device is not used for its intended purpose, its performance cannot be considered correct. In addition to the weight of the weight calibrated for the corresponding liquid, the device can have three types of scales: 1. To determine the density of a substance; 2. To mea…
Practical Application
- The device is a flask sealed at both ends. Inside it there is a metal fraction. Its amount is determined by the purpose of the device (each liquid has its own density). A scale is applied to the flask, which allows you to accurately determine the desired parameter. Some hydrometers are additionally placed in a large hollow tube (as is the case with the model for electrolyte). An addit…
Objective
- Using the device is very easy. To determine the required parameter, the float is placed in a container with a solution. He should calm down, which will give the most accurate indicator. In the case of hazardous fluids, this procedure must take place in a special way. Since the battery’s functioning depends on the density and concentration of acid in the electrolyte, you need to peri…
Equipment
- Finding a high-quality hydrometer is not difficult, because it is a fairly simple device that can be found in any auto parts store. There are several types of such devices. They differ from each other by the parameters under which they are calibrated. Here are a few popular hydrometers. Before choosing a modification, it is necessary to consult with specialists, since every year manufactur…
Standard Reference
- Here is a short video on how to use a hydrometer to measure the electrolyte density in serviced batteries:
Method
- Hydrometer analysis is essential for obtaining the complete particle size distribution of such soils. Particle size distribution obtained from sieve analysis may be combined with the data from a hy...
- Particle size is one of the criteria used to determine whether a soil is suitable for building roads, embankments, dams, etc.
- Hydrometer analysis is essential for obtaining the complete particle size distribution of such soils. Particle size distribution obtained from sieve analysis may be combined with the data from a hy...
- Particle size is one of the criteria used to determine whether a soil is suitable for building roads, embankments, dams, etc.
- Information obtained from a particle size analysis can be used to predict soil-water movement if a permeability test is not available.
Data Analysis
- To determine the particle size distribution of fine-grained soil (smaller than 0.075 mm diameter grains), using a hydrometer.
Report
- Balance
- Mixer (blender)
- Hydrometer (152H model preferably,
- Sedimentation cylinder (1000 mL cylinder)