what is the viceroyalty system

The viceroyalty

(Spanish: virreinato) was a local, political, social, and administrative institution, created by the Spanish monarchy in the sixteenth century, for ruling its overseas territories.

Full Answer

What are viceroyalties?

These new Spanish territories officially became known as viceroyalties, or lands ruled by viceroys who were second to—and a stand-in for—the Spanish king. Girolamo Ruscelli, “Nveva Hispania tabvla nova,” engraved map of New Spain, 1599, 19 x 25 cm ( David Rumsey Historical Map Collection ).

How was the system of Viceroyalty organized?

The system of viceroyalty as a whole was organized hierarchically and bureaucratically. The Crown was alone at the top of the imperial government. Under the monarch was the Council of the Indies, located in Spain, which supervised the colonial administration.

Do you use the viceroyals system?

I tend to use it, but you will risk having to give out a ton of titles every few years. Now what is ViceRoyals, well it's a system that was put in place to raise low born people that had exceptional skills or deeds to their name.

What was the role of the Viceroy during the colonial period?

During the colonial period, the position of the viceroy was almost always assigned to Spanish-born bureaucrats or military men in Europe. The reason for this practice was partly because it was expected that, as outsiders, the Spanish viceroys would be impartial in the administration of colonial possessions.

What is the significance of viceroyalty?

Within this territory, the viceroys of New Spain aided in converting the native population to Christianity, developed an array of educational institutions, and oversaw an economy based almost entirely on mining and ranching.

What is viceroy and viceroyalty?

Viceroyalty, the largest territorial unit in the Spanish colonies, and viceroy, its chief executive.

Who created viceroyalty?

Francisco de Toledo, "one of the great administrators of human times", established the Inquisition in the viceroyalty and promulgated laws that applied to Indians and Spanish alike, breaking the power of the encomenderos and reducing the old system of mita (the Incan system of mandatory labor tribute).

Was the Philippines a viceroyalty?

From 1565 to 1821, the Philippines was governed as part of the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain, later administered from Madrid following the Mexican War of Independence.

What is viceroyalty and how did it work?

The viceroyalty (Spanish: virreinato) was a local, political, social, and administrative institution, created by the Spanish monarchy in the sixteenth century, for ruling its overseas territories.

Who is called viceroy?

viceroy, one who rules a country or province as the representative of his sovereign or king and who is empowered to act in the sovereign's name.

What 2 countries were formed from the Viceroyalty of Peru?

The viceroy of Peru and his generals were taken prisoner, and what was left of the territory that had been the Viceroyalty of Peru became part of the independent nations of Peru and Chile.

Which countries were part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain?

The Viceroyalty of New Spain's territory included what is the Bay Islands (until 1643), Cayman Islands (until 1670), Central America (as far as the southern border of Costa Rica until 1821), Cuba, Florida, Hispaniola (including Haiti until 1700), Jamaica (until 1670) Mariana Islands, Mexico, Philippines, Puerto Rico, ...

What did Spain call Peru?

In 1542, the Spanish created the Viceroyalty of New Castile, that shortly after would be called Viceroyalty of Peru.

What was the Philippines called before Spanish colonization?

Before Spanish rule was established, other names such as Islas del Poniente (Islands of the West) and Ferdinand Magellan's name for the islands, San Lázaro, were also used by the Spanish to refer to islands in the region.

Why is the Philippines under Mexico?

Philippines under the Viceroyalty of New Spain The islands were very remote, so the Spanish Crown ordered the islands to be administered from the kingdom of the Viceroyalty of New Spain based in Mexico City for over two and half centuries. Hence many of the governors of the Philippines were Mexican-Creole.

What was Philippines before Spanish?

Philippines Before the Spanish When the Spanish arrived in 1565, the Philippines did not have a national identity. Instead, the archipelago were comprised of hundred of territories occupied by different tribal groups who fought and traded with one another. It was already a major cultural and trade crossroads.

What were the two viceroyalties of Spain?

In the eighteenth century, a burgeoning population, among other factors, led the Spanish to split the viceroyalty of Peru apart so that it could be governed more effectively. This move resulted in two new viceroyalties: New Granada and Río de la Plata.

Where was the Viceroyalty of Peru?

The Viceroyalty of Peru was established in 1542 and encompassed part or all of modern-day Venezuela, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina, and even some of Brazil, making it the largest viceroyalty in the Spanish Americas.

What is a Viceroyalty Quizizz?

What is a viceroyalty? A kind of colony that is directly ruled by Spain and headed by the viceroy.

Who was the last viceroy of New Spain?

Juan O'DonojúList of viceroys of New SpainViceroy of New SpainFormation14 November 1535First holderAntonio de MendozaFinal holderJuan O'DonojúAbolished28 September 18213 more rows

What is the term for a territory within the viceroyalty?

The term"Audiencias" referred not only to a territory within the viceroyalty but also to a high court that exercised important executive functions.

When did the Spanish become viceroyal?

Subsequently, as a result of the substantial growth of the Spanish Empire in the Western Hemisphere during the eighteenth century, two new viceroyalties were created: Nueva Granada in 1739 located north of South America and the viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata in 1776, located In the south of South America.

What led the Spanish monarch to create a system of colonial viceroyalty that reflected the political organization?

The size of the new territory, its estrangement from Spain and the threat that the conquerors exercised an unregulated power led the Spanish monarch, (Charles V of the Holy Roman Germanic Empire), to create a system of colonial viceroyalty that reflected the political organization of Spain itself.

Can the Viceroy accept gifts?

The viceroy could not accept credit and gifts.

Who forbade the viceroy's children to accompany him to America?

The king also forbade the viceroy's children to accompany him to America.

Did the Viceroys have flexibility?

In spite of the complexities of these multiple hierarchies, the viceroys enjoyed some flexibility in their government.

Who was the first viceroy of Spain?

The Viceroyalty of New Spain. Less than a decade after the Spanish conquistador (conqueror) Hernan Cortés and his men and Indigenous allies defeated the Mexica (Aztecs) at their capital city of Tenochtitlan in 1521, the first viceroyalty, New Spain, was officially created. Tenochtitlan was razed and then rebuilt as Mexico City, ...

When was the Viceroyalty of Peru founded?

The Viceroyalty of Peru. Lands governed by the Viceroyalty of Peru, c. 1650. The Viceroyalty of Peru was founded after Francisco Pizarro’s defeat of the Inka in 1534 . Inspired by Cortés’s journey and conquest of Mexico, Pizarro had made his way south and inland, spurred on by the possibility of finding gold and other riches.

What was the Spanish strategy of building on previous structures and reusing materials?

This practice of building on previous structures and reusing materials signaled Spanish dominance and power. It had already been a strategy used by Spaniards during the so-called “Reconquest,” or reconquista, of the Iberian (Spanish) Peninsula from its previous Muslim rulers. In southern Spain, for instance, a church was built directly inside the Great Mosque of Córdoba during this period. The reconquista ended the same year Columbus landed in the Americas, and so it was on the minds of Spaniards as they lay claim to the lands, resources, and peoples there. Some sixteenth-century authors even referred to Mesoamerican religious structures as mosques, revealing the pervasiveness of the Eurocentric conquest attitude they brought with them.

What is viceroyal?

Now what is ViceRoyals, well it's a system that was put in place to raise low born people that had exceptional skills or deeds to their name. A son of a blacksmith becoming a Baron was pretty much unthinkable, but he might just be put in charge of a barony until his death, based on his marrits. This was to ensure his offspring didn't inherit while he was awarded for his deeds.

When does a viceroyal title return to the liege?

a viceroyal title returns to the liege after the appointed title holder dies (unlike normal granted titles that will be passed on to other people based on the succession law of the title).

Do feudal titles dislike viceroyalties?

The important thing to remember is that these are not feudal titles, so feudals will dislike you the more you use viceroyalties, which means you must basically commit to using one or the other, but it's not a big deal. It's actually a good thing.

Can you give out a fief as a viceoyality?

As long as you give them out as viceoyalities yes, you can also give them out as normal fiefs, then they follow whatever inheritance law is set for them.

Can you have a kingdom with imperial administration?

Originally posted by urbaniac: With imperial administration you can have kingdom viceroyalty AND duchy viceroyalty. It means you can give a kingdom/duchy you own to a vassal making him viceroy. When he dies the kingdom/duchy come backs to you AND you can give it again.

What was the capital of the Viceroyalty?

Tenochtitlan was razed and then rebuilt as Mexico City, the capital of the viceroyalty. At its height, the viceroyalty of New Spain consisted of Mexico, much of Central America, parts of the West Indies, the southwestern and central United States, Florida, and the Philippines. The Manila Galleon trade connected the Philippines with Mexico, ...

Who was the first viceroy of Spain?

The Viceroyalty of New Spain. Less than a decade after the Spanish conquistador (conqueror) Hernan Cortés and his men and indigenous allies defeated the Mexica (Aztecs) at their capital city of Tenochtitlan in 1521, the first viceroyalty, New Spain, was officially created. Tenochtitlan was razed and then rebuilt as Mexico City, ...

Who founded the Viceroyalty of Peru?

The Viceroyalty of Peru was founded after Francisco Pizarro ’s defeat of the Inka in 1534. Inspired by Cortés’s journey and conquest of Mexico, Pizarro had made his way south and inland, spurred on by the possibility of finding gold and other riches.

What was the Spanish strategy of building on previous structures and reusing materials?

This practice of building on previous structures and reusing materials signaled Spanish dominance and power. It had already been a strategy used by Spaniards during the Reconquest, or reconquista, of the Iberian (Spanish) Peninsula from its previous Muslim rulers. In southern Spain, for instance, a church was built directly inside the Great Mosque of Córdoba during this period. The reconquista ended the same year Columbus landed in the Americas, and so it was on the minds of Spaniards as they lay claim to the lands, resources, and peoples there. Some sixteenth-century authors even referred to Mesoamerican religious structures as mosques, revealing the pervasiveness of the Eurocentric Reconquest attitude they brought with them.