Thyroid ima artery. It has also been reported to be a compensatory artery when one or both of the inferior thyroid arteries are absent and in a few cases the only source of blood to the thyroid gland. It varies in origin, size, blood supply, and termination, and occurs in only 3–10% of the population.
What is the meaning of thyroid ima?
Anatomical terminology. The thyroid ima artery (thyroidea ima artery, arteria thyroidea ima, thyroid artery of Neubauer or the lowest thyroid artery) is an artery of the head and neck.
Is the thyroidea ima an anomalous artery?
Thyroidea ima artery. It is often associated with absent inferior thyroid arteries. When an anomalous artery arises from the subclavian artery directly, rather than from the thyrocervical trunk, it is referred to as an accessory inferior thyroid artery, rather than a thyroidea ima artery.
Is the thyroid ima a compensatory artery?
Thyroid ima artery. It has also been reported to be a compensatory artery when one or both of the inferior thyroid arteries are absent and in a few cases the only source of blood to the thyroid gland. It varies in origin, size, blood supply, and termination, and occurs in only 3–10% of the population.
What does the thyroidea ima supply?
The thyroidea ima artery ascends on the anterior surface of the trachea and supplies both the trachea and thyroid and may terminate as a single trunk or as multiple bifurcations. It is often associated with absent inferior thyroid arteries.
Where is thyroid ima artery?
The thyroidea ima artery ascends on the anterior surface of the trachea and supplies both the trachea and thyroid and may terminate as a single trunk or as multiple bifurcations. It is often associated with absent inferior thyroid arteries.
What does thyroid IMA stand for?
The thyroid ima artery (thyroidea ima artery, arteria thyroidea ima, thyroid artery of Neubauer or the lowest thyroid artery) is an artery of the head and neck.
What artery is in the thyroid gland?
The inferior thyroid artery is considered the principal blood supplier of the thyroid gland. The ITA gives rise to the ascending cervical artery, the inferior laryngeal artery, and also gives pharyngeal, tracheal, and esophageal branches.
How many thyroid arteries are there?
You have two inferior thyroid arteries—one on either side with generally symmetrical courses. Unless one side needs to be distinguished from the other, the pair of arteries is usually referred to in the singular.
Can you remove your thyroid?
If you need only part of your thyroid removed (partial thyroidectomy), your thyroid may work normally after surgery. If you need your entire thyroid removed (total thyroidectomy), you need daily treatment with thyroid hormone to replace your thyroid's natural function.
What can thyroid cause?
Thyroid glandFatigue.Increased sensitivity to cold.Constipation.Dry skin.Weight gain.Puffy face.Hoarseness.Muscle weakness.More items...•
When should I worry about thyroid nodules?
Although most thyroid nodules are noncancerous and don't cause problems, ask your doctor to evaluate any unusual swelling in your neck, especially if you have trouble breathing or swallowing. It's important to evaluate the possibility of cancer.
Which artery is damaged during thyroidectomy?
During thyroid surgery, parathyroid glands can be devascularized by ligation of thyroid arteries proximal to the origin of the parathyroid arteries (i.e., proximal ligation of vascular pedicles), thermally damaged by accidental electrocoagulation by heat induction using any coagulation energy device (radiofrequency or ...
What are the 3 parts of each lobe in thyroid gland?
Thyroid glandFunctionSecretes thyroid hormones that regulate body metabolism (T3, T4) and calcium homeostasis (calcitonine)AnatomyLeft lobe, right lobe, isthmus, pyramidal lobe (may be absent)5 more rows
Does massaging your thyroid help?
Increasing blood flow through massage has a great effect on the thyroid via the lymphatic system which flows to all endocrine organs. Another benefit of massage on thyroid is reduced stress levels which in turn reduces cortisol which also has another extra benefit of helping to manage weight.
What nerve controls thyroid?
The two nerves of importance that pass through the thyroid are the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves [RLN]. They are often located on the lateral aspect of the thyroid gland near the vicinity of the inferior thyroid artery.
What lymph nodes drain the thyroid?
It has been generally accepted that lymphatic drainage occurs from the thyroid primarily to the central lymphatic compartment and secondarily to the lateral compartment nodes.
Where is brachiocephalic trunk?
superior mediastinumThe brachiocephalic trunk, also called the brachiocephalic or innominate artery, is the second branch to arise from the aorta. It courses upwards from the aortic arch through the superior mediastinum, until it reaches the right sternoclavicular joint, where it divides into its final branches.
Where is brachiocephalic artery?
The brachiocephalic (innominate) artery is a thick-walled blood vessel that originates from the aortic arch, the top part of the aorta—the main vessel that carries blood from the heart. It brings blood to the right carotid artery in your neck and the right subclavian artery, which supplies blood to the right arm.
Where does the middle thyroid vein drain?
Its blood supply is from the superior thyroid artery (external carotid) and the inferior thyroid artery (subclavian artery), and the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into the internal jugular and the inferior into the brachiocephalic vein (Fig. 11.18).
What is pyramidal lobe of thyroid?
The pyramidal lobe of thyroid (also known as Lalouette pyramid 5) is a normal anatomic variant representing a superior sliver of thyroid tissue arising from the thyroid isthmus. It is seen as a third thyroid lobe and is present in 10-30% of the population. It represents a persistent remnant of the thyroglossal duct.
What is the thyroidea ima artery?
The thyroidea ima artery is an uncommon variant of the blood supply to the inferior aspect of the thyroid gland. It is reported in ~7.5% (range 1.5-12.2%) of individuals and can arise from: The thyroidea ima artery ascends on the anterior surface of the trachea and supplies both the trachea and thyroid and may terminate as a single trunk ...
What is the clinical significance of the thyroidea ima artery?
Clinical significance. The clinical significance of the thyroidea ima artery becomes clear during head and neck surgery, particularly thyroidectomy. If unrecognised it can be a source of brisk and potentially difficult to control bleeding, as the cut vessel may retract behind the manubrium.
What is an accessory inferior thyroid artery?
It is often associated with absent inferior thyroid arteries. When an anomalous artery arises from the subclavian artery directly , rather than from the thyrocervical trunk , it is referred to as an accessory inferior thyroid artery, rather than a thyroidea ima artery.
When was the thyroid artery first described?
First described by Neubauer in 1786 and was originally called the thyroid artery of Neubauer.
Which artery ascends on the anterior surface of the trachea and supplies both the trachea and?
right common carotid artery. aortic arch. internal thoracic artery. subclavian artery. The thyroidea ima artery ascends on the anterior surface of the trachea and supplies both the trachea and thyroid and may terminate as a single trunk or as multiple bifurcations.
Subclavian artery
Thyroidea ima — when the inferior thyroid artery arises proximal to its expected thyrocervical trunk origin, whether from the aortic arch or from the subclavian artery, that's what you call it.
Case Discussion
The thyroidea ima artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk and ascends in front of the trachea to the lower part of the thyroid gland, which it supplies. It is only present in approximately 3-10% of the population. It varies greatly in size and appears to compensate for deficiency or absence of one of the other thyroid vessels.
How common is the thyroid ima artery?
The The incidence of the thyroid ima artery varies within the literature from 0.4 to 12.2%. At Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, dissections of 94 cadavers were performed with only one demonstrating a thyroid ima artery. This suggested a prevalence of 1.06 percent within the cadaveric population ( Figure 3 ). Within our study population, a total of 2 out 26 displayed the TIA and as such, a prevalence of 7.7% was demonstrated. While this is not consistent with Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine’s findings, it still within the range noted in the literature as mentioned above.
What is the function of TIA?
The TIA, when present, traverses the superior mediastinum to reach the thyroid gland, acting as additional blood supply to the thyroid isthmus, pyramidal lobe and inferior parathyroid glands. It also acts as a compensatory if one or bilateral inferior thyroid arteries are absent [ 2 ]. A remnant of the thyrocervical duct, the pyramidal lobe can be present in over 50% of patients [ 3 ].
How often is a thyroidectomy performed?
The common otolaryngologist procedure, the thyroidectomy, is performed over 50,000 times per year. Despite its frequency, various complications are still known to occur. These complications include post-operative bleeding, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and iatrogenic hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia can be secondary to interruption of the parathyroid vascular supply or unintended removal of the four glands during the thyroidectomy. As such, it is important that the otolaryngologist has a comprehensive understanding of head and neck anatomy as well as the potential neurovascular variants faced within the surgical field.
Where are the parathyroid glands supplied?
The parathyroid glands are supplied by the left and right inferior thyroid arteries which arise from their respective thyrocervical trunk, a branch of the subclavian artery. This is the more common arterial branching pattern that the otolaryngologist takes care to preserve during thyroidectomy. However, favorable outcomes can be complicated by anatomical variants, such as the aberrant thyroid ima artery (TIA), which has a rare and unpredictable presentation [ 1 ].
Does donor 121 have a TIA?
Donor 121 appeared to possess a TIA; however, at the time the study occurred partial dissection of the neck had already been performed. Due to this, the full course of the possible TIA could not be studied further. The trunk of the TIA in donor 121 can be seen in ( Figure 1) as originating from the brachiocephalic trunk. It should be noted that this donor does not display a pyramidal lobe, a common finding in patients with a TIA.
Is TIA a rare anatomical variant?
The study performed at VCOM reproduces statistical data consistent with current published data, and further lends to the pool of data of a relatively rare variant. Proper knowledge of potential anatomical variants is vital for the operating surgeon. In the setting of a pyramidal lobe, especially if the lobe is inferior to the thyroid gland, noting the presence of the TIA could significantly reduce the risk of complication.
Is the pyramidal lobe a thyroid artery?
One such study of the pyramidal lobe suggested that over 90% of lobes were primarily supplied by a single artery that was a variant of normal arising from the superior thyroid artery. With such a strong correlation between the pyramidal lobe and aberrant blood supply, this study reiterates the importance of intraoperative identification of a pyramidal lobe and its blood supply. In the case of donor 303, the pyramidal lobe was histologically proven to be thyroid tissue by histological comparison to tissue harvested directly from the thyroid gland ( Figure 4 ).
Where does thyroidea ima come from?
Thyroidea ima arises from any one of the following sources: aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, common carotid, internal thoracic, pericardiacophrenic, subclavian, thyrocervical trunk, inferior thyroid, or transverse scapular artery. It usually but not always arises from the right side.
What is the frequency of the thyroid artery?
Yamasaki reported the arterial system of the thyroid gland and the thymus, according to the usual textbook description actually had a low frequency. In fetuses it was 2.3% and in adults it was 20.8%, the study was based upon 43 fetuses and 77 adults. The difference with the textbook description is believed due to the variation in the so-called constant arteries and the variability of inconstant arteries. Among the variable arteries, the middle thymothyroid artery showed the highest frequency, 44.2%, in fetuses and 27.3% of adults. The superior thymic artery and the middle thymic artery were also abundant, being 33.7%, 18.8% and 32.6%, 14.3% in fetuses and adults respectively. On the other hand, the supreme thymic artery and the the thyroid ima artery arising from the internal thoracic artery were extremly rare. If the thyroid and thymic arteries arising from the aortic arch or brachiocephalic trunk are considered to be almost constant, the frequencies of the textbook-type increase to 14% in fetuses and 41.6% in adults.
Which artery is arising from the aortic arch?
Authors reporting the thyreoidea ima artery arising from the aortic arch.
Is the thyreoidea ima a common trunk?
The following authors reported the thyreoidea ima artery arising from brachiocephalic artery as a common trunk with the right common carotid and right subclavian or as a common trunk with both carotids and the right subclavian arteries:
How many percent of people have thyroidea ima?
The incidence of the thyroidea ima artery in normal people has been assessed in the anatomy books as 4 to 10 per cent (5).
Is the collateral artery a thyroidea ima artery?
We feel that the collateral artery represents a thyroidea ima artery. According to Adachi (as quoted by Blum, 1) any thyroid artery originating from the arch of the aorta, innominate artery, right common carotid, or internal mammary artery is a thyroidea ima artery. Adachi maintained that the artery never originates on the left side, but Gruber (as quoted by Blum) described in 1872 a thyroidea ima artery originating from the left side in a 12-year-old boy.
