Value and Criterion Values are, essentially, overarching and non-specific ideas We need a way to measure if Value exists Criterion: A way to measure the presence of a Value Like a measuring stick Value and Criterion The Value criterion is a “weighing standard” for arguments Criterions must be both necessary and sufficient
What is the purpose of the value criterion?
The value criterion's main purpose is to weigh the value premise; otherwise, the impacts of the arguments in the round are left hanging. An argument in a Lincoln-Douglas Debate generally contains an impact or the effect of that argument (why it matters).
What is the difference between value premise and value criterion?
Unlike the value premise, the value criterion is often swayed to either the affirmative or negative side. It can be shortened to v.c. The value criterion's main purpose is to weigh the value premise, otherwise, the impacts of the arguments in the round are left hanging.
How do you predict the value of a criterion variable?
For example, we may use the predictor variables hours studied and hours of sleep the night before the test to predict the value of the criterion variable test score. In this case, our criterion variable is the variable being predicted in this analysis.
What is the value criterion in debate?
(July 2007) In Lincoln-Douglas Debate, the value criterion ( criterion, VC, or standard) is the means of weighing the value premise. Unlike the value premise, the value criterion is often swayed to either the affirmative or negative side.
What is value criterion examples?
A criterion should be the mechanism by which you weigh the values at stake and ultimately come to the conclusion that your value premise is achieved. Examples of criterion include the social contract, giving each his due, protection of individual rights, etc.
What concept is a value criterion?
In Lincoln-Douglas Debate, the value criterion (criterion, VC, or standard) is the means of weighing the value premise. Unlike the value premise, the value criterion is often swayed to either the affirmative or negative side.
How do you write a value criterion?
7:5910:09Value Structure and Value Criterion (1 of 2) - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipSo if you have the value. Here. It looks like this and you have the criterion. And then down here isMoreSo if you have the value. Here. It looks like this and you have the criterion. And then down here is the case this is all the arguments being made. So everything comes through this perspective.
What is value in Lincoln Douglas debate?
The value is usually a statement which one side is attempting to achieve throughout the debate. In general, the side that best upholds his or her value premise, which was adequately defended, wins the debate. The value premise is sometimes referred to as the "value" or simply "vp".
What is considered a value?
Values are individual beliefs that motivate people to act one way or another. They serve as a guide for human behavior. Generally, people are predisposed to adopt the values that they are raised with. People also tend to believe that those values are “right” because they are the values of their particular culture.
What is highest value in debate?
Utilitarianism: The greatest good for the greatest number of people, held as the highest value.
What are contentions in LD debate?
Contention: This is the part of the case that is the core argument about the topic. Here, debaters will make arguments in support of their side of the resolution. For example, if the topic is about a living wage, the contention for the Aff side would be cards and analytics about why a living wage is a good idea.
How do you write a Ld case?
8:5214:41How to write your Contentions and Case - LD for Dummies Part 2YouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipIf you affirm or you negate you want to show that what you're going to do the evidence shows thatMoreIf you affirm or you negate you want to show that what you're going to do the evidence shows that there's going to be some level of consequence.
How do I start a LD debate?
LD debate follows the basic time schedule 6 - 3 - 7 - 3 - 4 - 6 - 3. Each debater gets thirteen minutes of total speaking time, and three minutes of question time. The rounds take approximately 45 minutes in total. Each debater receives four to five minutes of preparation time to use between speeches however they like.
What did Lincoln and Douglas debate?
Lincoln-Douglas debates, series of seven debates between the Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas and Republican challenger Abraham Lincoln during the 1858 Illinois senatorial campaign, largely concerning the issue of slavery extension into the territories.
What is solvency in LD debate?
Solvency is a stock issue in policy debate, referring to the effectiveness of the affirmative plan or the negative counterplan in solving the harms or problems of the status quo.
What is Clash in debate?
The Opposition's job is to say clearly why they disagree with the Proposition, and on what principles they will base this argument. This will set up the “clash” of the debate, i.e. the two opposing views of the teams.
Why is life considered a snstrumental value?
Many claim that life is an snstrumental value because it is a necessity which is required before anything else can be attained or enjoyed. Majority Rule- A principle of democracy that holds the greater number of individuals in a society should determine the leaders and policies of that society. Morality- The principles and standards set by society ...
What is distributive justice?
Distributive Justice- The attempt to establish a connection between the properties or characteristics of persons and morally correct distribution of benefits and burdens in society. The function of distributive justice is to justify principles of justice and serves as a rationale for social inequalities.
Purpose
The value criterion's main purpose is to weigh the value premise, otherwise, the impacts of the arguments in the round are left hanging. Any argument in an Lincoln-Douglas Debate must contain an impact or the effect of that argument (why it matters). This necessitates an objective order to determine which impacts are more important.
Argumentation
Many times it becomes the vantage point of the debate because the values are, many times, the same in a round. Since each side has impacts that best pertain to their own value criterion, each side must try to convince the judge to weigh the round according to their value criterion.
Example 1: Simple Linear Regression
Simple linear regression is a statistical method we use to understand the relationship between two variables, x and y. One variable, x, is known as the predictor variable. The other variable, y, is known as the criterion variable, or response variable.
Example 2: Multiple Linear Regression
Multiple linear regression is similar to simple linear regression, except we use several predictor variables to predict the value of one criterion variable.
Example 3: ANOVA
An ANOVA (analysis of variance) is a statistical technique we use to find out if there is a statistically significant difference between the means of three or more independent groups.
What is values clarification?
Values clarification is a technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) that aims to help people understand their value systems. This article will cover what values clarification is and why it’s important in CBT. Finally, this article will cover how to use values clarification in therapy. Before you read on, we thought you might like ...
What is value in psychology?
Simply put, a value is about: “what a person finds to be important and wants to be doing with his or her life.”. Values are chosen consequences that can never be fulfilled. Rather, they serve as motivation for certain behavioral directions. Whereas goals can be achieved, values cannot be achieved.
Why is value clarification important in CBT?
Values clarification is particularly important in CBT because some people might view CBT as a “technical psychological intervention that prioritizes techniques or strategies over relationships and values”. Values clarification is also important in CBT (and other therapeutic interventions) as an assessment tool.
What is value in CBT?
A Definition. Values are “fundamental attitudes guiding our mental processes and behavior” that “produce the belief that life is meaningful and serve as a measure of how meaningful one’s actions are, that is, consistent with that person’s value system” (Vyskocilova et al., 2015). Values clarification is an aspect of CBT ...
What is the Akaike information criterion?
Revised on June 18, 2021. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is a mathematical method for evaluating how well a model fits the data it was generated from. In statistics, AIC is used to compare different possible models ...
Why does model 1 have a lower AIC score?
You run an AIC test to find out, which shows that model 1 has the lower AIC score because it requires less information to predict with almost the exact same level of precision. Another way to think of this is that the increased precision in model 2 could have happened by chance.
What is model selection?
What is meant by model selection? In statistics, model selection is a process researchers use to compare the relative value of different statistical models and determine which one is the best fit for the observed data. The Akaike information criterion is one of the most common methods of model selection.
How to compare models using AIC?
To compare models using AIC, you need to calculate the AIC of each model. If a model is more than 2 AIC units lower than another, then it is considered significantly better than that model. You can easily calculate AIC by hand if you have the log-likelihood of your model, but calculating log-likelihood is complicated!
