What is the difference between dorsal and ventral?
“Dorsal” refers to the back side of the body whereas “ventral” refers to the front side of the body. When discussing bipeds, these terms are interchangeable with the terms “posterior” and “anterior.”
Is ventral the same as anterior?
🔴 Answer: 2 🔴 on a question In humans the anterior side of the body is the same as the ventral side of the body. - the answers to ihomeworkhelpers.com
What does ventral mean in medical terms?
Other terms and special cases
- Anatomical landmarks. The location of anatomical structures can also be described in relation to different anatomical landmarks.
- Mouth and teeth. Special terms are used to describe the mouth and teeth. ...
- Hands and feet. Several anatomical terms are particular to the hands and feet. ...
- Rotational direction. ...
- Other directional terms. ...
What is the meaning of ventral and dorsal?
Ventral and Dorsal are the Latin terms for Anterior and Posterior. Ventral = Anterior, or the front of the body. Dorsal = Posterior, or the back of the body.
What is the meaning of ventral surface?
The adjective ventral refers to the area on the body in the lower front, around the stomach area. The ventral fin on a fish is the one on its belly. The ventral area of anything, plant or animal, is its underside. In directional terms, the ventral side is the area forward from (or under) the spinal cord.
What is ventral surface in biology?
The ventral (from Latin venter, meaning 'belly') surface refers to the front, or lower side, of an organism. For example, in a fish the pectoral fins are dorsal to the anal fin, but ventral to the dorsal fin.
What are the dorsal and ventral surfaces?
In general, ventral refers to the front of the body, and dorsal refers to the back. These terms are also known as anterior and posterior, respectively.
What is the ventral surface also known as?
The ventral surface of the body is also called the anterior surface.
Where is the ventral surface?
Ventral: Pertaining to the front or anterior of any structure. The ventral surfaces of the body include the chest, abdomen, shins, palms, and soles. Ventral is as opposed to dorsal. From the Latin "venter" meaning belly.
What is a ventral?
Medical Definition of ventral 1 : of or relating to the belly : abdominal. 2a : being or located near, on, or toward the lower surface of an animal (as a quadruped) opposite the back or dorsal surface. b : being or located near, on, or toward the front or anterior part of the human body.
Is ventral a top or bottom?
Dorsal means the back side or upper side, while ventral means the frontal or lower side. These are mostly used with animal anatomy, but can be used in human anatomy as long as they are describing the side of an appendage.
What is the ventral surface of the heart?
The right ventricle faces forward toward the sternum which lies exterior to the heart, and so constitutes the ventral surface of the heart.
What is dorsal ventral and lateral?
Dorsal/Ventral: Dorsal -- directed toward the back [for: head, neck, trunk & tail]; also applied to manus & pes. Ventral -- directed toward the belly [for: head, neck, trunk & tail]. Medial/Lateral: Medial -- directed toward the midline (median plane) [head, neck, trunk, tail, & limbs].
Is Skin dorsal or ventral?
0:279:06Body Cavities and Membranes (Dorsal, Ventral) - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipTerms you'll know that ventral or anterior. Means toward the front of the body and dorsal orMoreTerms you'll know that ventral or anterior. Means toward the front of the body and dorsal or posterior means toward the back of the body.
What is in ventral cavity?
The ventral cavity is at the anterior (or front) of the trunk. Organs contained within this body cavity include the lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, and reproductive organs.
Where is the ventral cavity?
The ventral cavity is at the anterior, or front, of the trunk. Organs contained within this body cavity include the lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, and reproductive organs. You can see some of the organs in the ventral cavity in Figure 10.5.
What is the ventral surface called in animals?
bellyDorsal and ventral These two terms, used in anatomy and embryology, describe something at the back (dorsal) or front/belly (ventral) of an organism. The dorsal (from Latin dorsum 'back') surface of an organism refers to the back, or upper side, of an organism.
Is Skin dorsal or ventral?
0:279:06Body Cavities and Membranes (Dorsal, Ventral) - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipTerms you'll know that ventral or anterior. Means toward the front of the body and dorsal orMoreTerms you'll know that ventral or anterior. Means toward the front of the body and dorsal or posterior means toward the back of the body.
What is the ventral surface of the heart?
The right ventricle faces forward toward the sternum which lies exterior to the heart, and so constitutes the ventral surface of the heart.
What is anterior surface?
an·te·ri·or sur·face. [TA] the surface of a structure or part of the body that faces forward.
What is dorsal and ventral?
Dorsal and ventral are paired anatomical terms used to describe opposite locations on a body that is in the anatomical position. The anatomical pos...
What is the difference between dorsal and ventral?
The main difference between dorsal and ventral is the area of the body to which they refer. In general, ventral refers to the front of the body, an...
What are the dorsal and ventral body cavities?
The dorsal and ventral body cavities, two of the largest body compartments in humans, are anatomical spaces that contain various organs and other s...
What are the most important facts to know about dorsal and ventral?
Dorsal and ventral are terms that refer, respectively, to the back and front portions of the human body in the anatomical position. These terms can...
What is the ventral surface?
Ventral: Pertaining to the front or anterior of any structure. The ventral surfaces of the body include the chest, abdomen, shins, palms, and soles. Ventral is as opposed to dorsal. From the Latin "venter" meaning belly.
What does "ventral" mean in animals?
Ventral means 'towards the stomach'. In humans, it's towards the front (and generally means the same thing as 'anterior'). In some other animals, such as dogs, cats and horses, it would mean towards the ground, because that's where their stomachs point.
What is the opposite of dorsal?
The underside of an animal or plant. The opposite of dorsal. Easy way to remember is to think about the dorsal fin on a shark is on top (dorsal) so the ventral side must be underneath on the belly.
What is the top surface of a dog called?
Take the example of a dog. When a dog stands under the sun, the sunlight falls on top of the dog thus this top surface would be referred to as dorsal surface and the belly side would be referred to as ventral surface.
What does the word "dorsal" mean?
For example, the word dorsal starts with “D” i.e … “D” for dog…and dog always fallows your back. (and the meaning of dorsal is BACK of an animal )….so the other word (ventral) is opposite of it.
How to tell if a surface is planar?
A surface can be said to be planar if all points on the surface share a single plane. For example, each face of a cube is a planar surface, but the entire surface of the cube is not, since there are points on the surface that do not share a plane with others.
Which side of the body is dorsal?
It's a bit confusing at times to know which side is ventral and which one is dorsal. I think of it as this way. The side on which sunlight falls when the organism is standing in sun with the sun vertically above the organism is the dorsal surface and the other one is ventral surface.
What is the ventral surface of the spinal cord?
On the other hand, the exact opposite surface is the DORSAL surface-which would be the heel of the foot and back of the head. So, the ventral surface of the spinal cord would be the surface of the cord that is facing forward towards the lips when the person is in a standing position. Cheers!
Which surface faces toward the chest or front of the body?
The anterior surface is the one that faces toward the chest or front of the body. Note the labels in this cross section.
What is the name of the cord that breaks up in the lower part of the spine?
By the way the cord breaks up in several smaller cables of nerves called the cauda equina. The translation of cauda equina is "horses tail." Now you know what it looks like. It mostly fills up the lower part spine canal.
What is it called when the spinal cord gets stretched?
There is a condition called tethered cord syndrome where as the patient grows the spinal cord gets stretched because it is stuck at one spot. Here is a good site: Tethered Cord Syndrome - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
What is the name of the cord that breaks up in the smaller cables of nerves?
By the way the cord breaks up in several smaller cables of nerves called the cauda equina. The translation of cauda
Where does the brain become the spinal cord?
Good question. The brain “becomes” the spinal cord at the foramen magnum of the skull- the hole at the bottom of it . The spinal cord connects to the body ultimately via nerves. “Motor” nerves send signals from the brain DOWN the spinal cord to the muscles to do things- move you arm or hand, walk, etc. Then there are “sensory” nerves than go from the body- skin and muscles etc to the brain’s sensory processing areas UP the spinal cord. There are even some nerve circuits that bypass the brain. In another sense there is a voluntary system and an involuntary system - like digestion and balance. Ho
Where is the central nervous system located?
In clinical neurology the brain and spinal cord are often referred to as the Central Nervous System, and this goes from the frontal cortices at the very front of the brain (and the most ‘recent’ addition to mammalian neuroanatomy) to the conus medularis at the base of the spinal cord.
What are the structures of the ventral surface?
Major Structures of the Ventral Surface: The anterior ventral surface is taken-up by the ventral portion of the frontal cortex (1) and the olfactory bulbs (2). Our laboratory specimens often only have a mangled portion of the olfactory bulbs, but we can see the lateral olfactory tract (5) and the medial olfactory tract (6) quite well. These tracts travel from the olfactory bulbs to the periamygdaloid cortex (3), and can be distinguished from the surrounding tissue by virtue of their myelin coated fibres. Myelination gives fibres a whitish appearance. Posterior to the olfactory tracts you can see the optic chiasm (4). Just behind the optic chiasm, there is a little round bulge, often with a small visible opening. This is where the pituitary gland (7) was attached to the brain. Posterior to this you will also see a round protuberance, the mammillary bodies (8). The term "bodies" is used because in some animals one can distinguish both a left and a right portion. In the sheep, as you can see, the two are fused into one round midline structure. Posterior and lateral to the mammillary bodies are the cerebral peduncles (9). These two massive ridges route much of the information that travels to and from the brain. The pons (10), a prominent bulge (What does pons mean? Hint: it’s Latin), delineates the point where the cerebral peduncles disappear from view. The pons is largely made up of fibres that travel from the forebrain to the cerebellum. Eventually, these fibres ascend as mossy fibres into the cerebellar cortex. From the sheer size of the pons, you can imagine that it is an important fibre connection. Behind the pons is a small transverse (by this we mean that it runs from left to right, rather than from front to back) ridge that is known as the trapezoid body (11) (note that the VI th nerve emerges from here). Behind the trapezoid body you will find two massive fibre bundles that run just down the midline on either side. These are formed by the fibres of the pyramidal tract (12). When the fibres crossover a bulge in the tract is created (is this a decussation or a commissure?). Note that the edge of the bulge is where nerve XII emerges. Behind this, the spinal cord begins. The olive (13) is located lateral to the pyramidal tract. Now, let us relate these substructures to the major divisions of the brain.
Where is the ventral region of the diencephalon?
The MESENCEPHALON extends from just behind the mammillary bodies to the anterior margin of the pons.
What is the term for the brain that extends from the front of the brain to the posterior margin of the optic?
The Major Subdivisions of the Brain: The TELENCEPHALON , or the forebrain, extends from the front of the brain to the posterior margin of the optic chiasm.
Which nerve is responsible for the movement of the eye?
III. The first of the nerves that are involved in the movements of the eye, and the largest one of these, the occulomotor nerve (16). This nerve supplies the majority of extraocular (what does that mean?) muscles: the inferior oblique, the inferior, medial and superior rectus. You will see this nerve emerging roughly half-way between the pons and the optic chiasm. Compare the size of this nerve to the other two nerves that run external eye muscles! (IV & VI).
Which cranial nerve does not emerge from the brain?
IV. The trochlear nerve (17). This is the only cranial nerve that does not actual emerge from the ventral surface of the brain - it emerges from the dorsal surface and comes curving down in front of the pons (yes, what is the pons?). You may have to probe down between the membranes a bit - the nerve is very slender. The fact that it emerges from the dorsal brainstem means that you won't usually see it emerging from the brain when you view the brain ventrally (although you can see it in Plate 1). This nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle of the eye - helps your roll your eyes. The name “trochlear” means "pulley" (referring to a rope passing over a wheel).
How to memorize cranial nerves?
For those of you with a weak memory, there is a little mnemonic device that allows you to memorize the cranial nerves alphabetically: it goes like this: On Old Olympus' Towering Tops A Fin And German Vaults And Hops. (No, it is not by Byron). Plate 1 will give you a rough orientation as to where the cranial nerves are located. Unfortunately, most of the sheep brains we get are damaged in the lower portion of the brain stem and it is not often that you can see all of the nerves. Often you will only be able to see nerves II-VII and XI. For the rest you will have to consult the demonstration brains and plates that are made available.
Which nerves provide sensory input to the brain from the visual, acoustic, gustatory and o?
The Cranial Nerves : The cranial nerves provide sensory input to the brain from the visual, acoustic, gustatory and olfactory sensory organs. They also transmit sensory information from skin and muscles. One distinguishes between general sensory input (example; touch and pain), visceral sensory input (example: information that leads to nausea), and special sensory input (example: hearing, taste, vision, balance, smell).
Where are the landmarks on the ventral surface of the brain?
Take a look at the image below and see if you now recognize features such as the olfactory tract, pituitary stalkand the uncus, the prominent "hooking" cortex on the medial surface of the temporal lobe just lateral to the carotid artery (it might be tricky to see since the meninges are still intact in this image. Find the gyrus rectusand the orbital gyruson the ventral surface of the prefrontal cortex. Why do you think it's called the orbital gyrus? See if you can also find the flocculusat the base of the cerebellum just lateral to the pontine medullary juction.
Where is the anterior perforated substance?
In the meantime, you now should be able to follow the olfactory tractas it "disappears" toward the base of the forebrain (hence, the basal forebrain). This is where you will find the anterior perforated substance. Why is the substance perforated? You should easily find the uncuson the medial surface of the temporal lobe pointing toward the pituitary stalk. By the way, what is that "almond" shaped nucleus that has been revealed lying within the uncus? Posterior to the pituitary stalk you should now easily see the mammillary bodies, which mark the posterior edge of the diencephalon. Behind that you will find the interpeduncular fossa, the "space" (inter-) between the two cerebral peduncles. You can at least see one nerve coming from the interpeduncular fossa. What is that nerve?
