what muscle elevates the soft palate when swallowing

It inserts into the palatine aponeurosis as well as the fibers of the muscle on the opposite side. It elevates both the soft palate and pulls it posteriorly, which helps close the nasopharynx during swallowing. The palatopharyngeus muscle attaches proximally to the posterior border of the hard palate and also to the palatine aponeurosis.

Full Answer

What muscle elevates the soft palate?

The elevation of the soft palate is produced by the levator veli palatini muscle. This movement brings the soft palate into contact with the posterior pharyngeal wall, closing the isthmus of the pharynx.

What muscles are involved in swallowing and exhaling?

The muscles are: Tensor veli palatini, which is involved in swallowing Palatoglossus, involved in swallowing Palatopharyngeus, involved in breathing Levator veli palatini, involved in swallowing Musculus uvulae, which moves the uvula

How does the levator veli palatini elevate the soft palate?

The elevation of the soft palate is produced by the levator veli palatini muscle. This movement brings the soft palate into contact with the posterior pharyngeal wall, closing the isthmus of the pharynx. This closes the communication with the nasal cavity and prevents the food from passing into it.

What nerve innervates the soft palate?

The motor innervation for the muscles of the soft palate comes from the pharyngeal plexus derived from the vagus nerve (CN X). The only exception is the tensor veli palatini muscle which is supplied by the medial pterygoid nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

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What happens to the soft palate during swallowing?

However, during swallowing, the soft palate is elevated and closes the posterior nares, protecting the nasal passages from food and water. The position of the soft palate is determined by four muscles: the M. tensor veli palatini, M.

What cranial nerve raises the soft palate?

the vagus nerveThe motor innervation for the muscles of the soft palate comes from the pharyngeal plexus derived from the vagus nerve (CN X).

Which muscle elevates the tongue and depresses the soft palate?

The palatoglossus muscle functions to close off the oral cavity from the oropharynx by elevating the posterior tongue and drawing the soft palate inferiorly. It attaches superiorly to the palatine aponeurosis and inferiorly to the side of the tongue.

How do you lift a soft palate?

2:374:29How to Raise Your Soft Palate and Open Your Voice - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipYou can check that it's all coming out here by plucking your nose. So that sound did not change theMoreYou can check that it's all coming out here by plucking your nose. So that sound did not change the sign that means that the sound is coming out of my mouth. Let's try that. Together.

What makes up the hard and soft palate?

Together, the hard and soft palates form the roof of the mouth. Muscles and tissues make up the soft palate at the back of the roof of the mouth. The hard palate sits at the front of the roof of the mouth and contains the palatine bone. The hard palate makes up two-thirds of the palate.

What muscle is responsible for elevating the tongue?

The mylohyoid muscle, which is responsible for raising the body of the tongue in high vowels and velar consonants. The hyoglossus, which pulls it downwards (and slightly backwards). The styloglossus, which pulls the tongue upwards and backwards.

Which 2 muscles elevate the tongue?

The genioglossus muscle protrudes the tongue and is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII). The styloglossus muscle draws up the sides of the tongue to create a trough for swallowing following adequate mastication. The pair of styloglossus muscles work together on each side to retract the tongue.

Which muscles elevate tongue?

Styloglossus: originates at styloid process and temporal bone and inserts into side of tongue. It retracts and elevates the tongue.

Does facial nerve innervate soft palate?

Nishio et al. claims that the soft palate receives motor fibres from both the facial nerve and pharyngeal plexus of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves [16]. Ibuki et al. found that the LVP was only supplied by the facial nerve [17].

Where is the vagus nerve located and what does it do?

Basic Anatomy of the Vagus Nerve The vagus nerve carries an extensive range of signals from digestive system and organs to the brain and vice versa. It is the tenth cranial nerve, extending from its origin in the brainstem through the neck and the thorax down to the abdomen.

What does Nasopalatine nerve supply?

Also known as nervus incisivus, the nasopalatine nerve is a division of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve. Its function is to provide sensation to the anterior palate.

What Innervates the hard palate?

The greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves both branches of the maxillary nerve innervate the hard palate, whereas the lesser palatine branch of the maxillary nerve supplies the soft palate.

What is the function of swallowing and eating?

SYNOPSIS. Eating and swallowing are complex behaviors involving volitional and reflexive activities of more than 30 nerves and muscles. They have two crucial biological features: food passage from the oral cavity to stomach and airway protection. The swallowing process is commonly divided into oral, pharyngeal, ...

Which muscle is mainly composed of striated muscle but thoracic esophagus is smooth?

It relaxes during a swallow and allows the bolus passage to the stomach. The cervical esophagus ( upper one third) is mainly composed of striated muscle but thoracic esophagus (lower two thirds) is smooth muscle.

What is the space between the pharyngeal surface of the tongue and the epiglottis called?

The space between the pharyngeal surface of the tongue and the epiglottis is called the valleculae. The larynx includes the true and false vocal folds as well as the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis. The laryngeal aditus (upper end of the larynx) opens into the lower portion of the pharynx.

What is the pathophysiology of eating and swallowing?

Understanding the normal physiology and pathophysiology of eating and swallowing is fundamental to evaluating and treating disorders of eating and swallowing, and to developing dysphagia rehabilitation programs. Eating and swallowing are compex behaviors including both volitional and reflexive activities involving more than 30 nerves and muscles.1

How does food travel through the oropharynx?

When a portion of the food is suitable for swallowing, it is placed on the tongue surface and propelled back through the fauces to the oropharynx (stage II transport, Fig. 4). The basic mechanism of stage II transport is as described for the oral propulsive stage with a liquid bolus. The anterior tongue surface first contacts the hard palate just behind the upper incisors. The area of tongue-palate contact gradually expands backward, squeezing the triturated food back along the palate to the oropharynx. Stage II transport is primarily driven by the tongue, and does not require gravity.14, 15Stage II transport can be interposed into food processing cycles. The transported food accumulates on the pharyngeal surface of the tongue and in the valleculae. If food remains in the oral cavity, chewing continues and the bolus in the oropharynx is enlarged by subsequent stage II transport cycles. The duration of bolus aggregation in the oropharynx ranges from a fraction of a second to about ten seconds in normal individuals eating solid food.5

How does the tongue move during processing?

Cyclical tongue movement during processing is coordinated with jaw movement.12Tongue movements during processing are large in both the antero-posterior and vertical dimensions; jaw movements are similarly large in the vertical dimension (Fig. 3A). During jaw opening, the tongue moves forward and downward, reaching its most anterior point in mid- or late jaw opening. It then reverses direction and moves backward in late jaw opening. This prevents us from biting our tongues when we eat. The tongue also moves medioalaterally and rotates on its long (anteroposterior) axis during chewing.13These motions are coordinated with cheek movement to keep food on the occlusal surfaces of the lower teeth. The hyoid bone also moves constantly during feeding but its motion is more variable than jaw or tongue movements (Fig 3A and B). The hyoid has mechanical connections to the cranial base, mandible, sternum, and thyroid cartilage via the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles. With those muscle connections, the hyoid plays an important role in controlling the movements of the jaw and tongue.

Where does the tongue drop during oral propulsion?

During oral propulsive stage, the tongue tip rises, touching the alveolar ridge of the hard palate just behind the upper teeth, while the posterior tongue drops to open the back of the oral cavity. The tongue surface moves upward, gradually expanding the area of tongue-palate contact from anterior to posterior, squeezing the liquid bolus back along the palate and into the pharynx. When drinking liquids, the pharyngeal stage normally begins during oral propulsion.

What muscles are involved in swallowing?

The five muscles of the soft palate play important roles in swallowing and breathing. The muscles are: 1 Tensor veli palatini, which is involved in swallowing 2 Palatoglossus, involved in swallowing 3 Palatopharyngeus, involved in breathing 4 Levator veli palatini, involved in swallowing 5 Musculus uvulae, which moves the uvula

What is the function of the soft palate?

It is responsible for closing off the nasal passages during the act of swallowing, and also for closing off the airway. During sneezing, it protects the nasal passage by diverting a portion of the excreted substance to the mouth.

What is quantitative analysis of cleft palate?

Quantitative analyses have been done on bilateral and unilateral cleft palate to better understand geometric differences in cleft palate throughout the course of its development and correct ion. Despite the difficulty in finding common, comparable landmarks between normal soft palates and cleft palates, analytical methods have been devised to assess differences in degree of curvature of the alveolar crest, two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface area, and slope of the alveolar crest.

What is soft palate pathology?

Pathology of the soft palate includes mucosal lesions such as pemphigus vulgaris dsg - 3, herpangina and migratory stomatitis, and muscular conditions such as the congenital cleft palate and cleft uvula .

What is the Young modulus of the soft palate?

Young modulus values range from 585 Pa at the posterior free edge of the soft palate to 1409 Pa where the soft palate attaches to the maxilla. These properties are useful when quantifying the effects of corrective orthopedic devices such as the Hotz Plate on cleft lip.

What causes palatal petechiae?

10 to 30 percent of palatal petechiae cases are estimated to be caused by suction, which can be habitual or secondary to fellatio.

What is the sound of the mouth called?

It is possible for the soft palate to retract and elevate during speech to separate the oral cavity (mouth) from the nasal cavity in order to produce the oral speech sounds.