When the bladder is full of urine, stretch receptors in the bladder wall trigger the micturition reflex. The detrusor muscle that surrounds the bladder contracts. The internal urethral sphincter relaxes, allowing for urine to pass out of the bladder into the urethra. Both of these reactions are involuntary.
What are symptoms of thickening of the bladder?
- Reduced bladder capacity
- Sexual dysfunction and intimacy problems
- Emotional stress and depression ( 5)
What causes cancer in the bladder?
What Causes Bladder Cancer?
- Having a family history of bladder cancer.
- Having certain gene mutations (unusual changes made when your body’s cells are dividing).
- Being exposed to too much of certain workplace chemicals pdf icon [PDF-4.7MB] used in processing paint, dye, metal, and petroleum products.
- Taking some kinds of chemotherapy drugs.
How common is bladder cancer?
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men, but it's less common in women. Risk of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer occurs mainly in older people. About 9 out of 10 people with this cancer are over the age of 55. The average age of people when they are diagnosed is 73.
What is the anterior wall of the bladder?
The bladder neck surrounds the bladder trigone (see below). Adjacent organs of the urinary bladder. The bladder lies preperitoneally behind the symphysis, the peritoneum covers parts of the ventral and dorsal wall. The space anterior to the bladder and behind the abdominal wall is called retropubic space (space of retzius). The space enables ...
What occurs when muscles in the wall of the bladder contract involuntarily?
Incontinence occurs if your bladder muscles suddenly contract or the sphincter muscles are not strong enough to hold back urine.
What occurs when the muscles in the wall of the bladder contract involuntarily a urinary incontinence b overflow incontinence C overactive bladder D stress incontinence?
Urge incontinence The bladder muscle contracts (squeezes) too often, usually suddenly and without warning, and you can't control it. This can be caused by a bladder infection or irritation from radiation therapy.
What happens when bladder muscles contract?
A bladder spasm, or "detrusor contraction," occurs when the bladder muscle squeezes suddenly without warning, causing an urgent need to release urine. The spasm can force urine from the bladder, causing leakage. When this happens, the condition is called urge incontinence or overactive bladder.
What happens when bladder muscles relax?
The primary function of the detrusor muscle is to contract during urination to push the urine out of the bladder and into the urethra. The detrusor muscle will relax to allow the storage of urine in the urinary bladder.
What happens to the detrusor muscle of the bladder to signal the bladder is filling up?
During the filling phase, the detrusor muscle relaxes to allow gradual expansion of the bladder while the urethral sphincter closes to prevent urine leaking.
Which condition is an inflammation within the walls of the bladder?
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is complex, chronic disorder characterized by an inflamed or irritated bladder wall. It can lead to scarring and stiffening of the bladder, decreased bladder capacity, and glomerulations (pinpoint bleeding).
How do bladder muscles work?
The brain signals the bladder muscles to tighten, which squeezes urine out of the bladder. At the same time, the brain signals the sphincter muscles to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra. When all the signals occur in the correct order, normal urination occurs.
What may happen if the receptors in the bladder muscle wall do not work normally?
Stretch receptors are responsible for sending the signal to the brain when the urinary bladder is filled to its maximum capacity if they are removed two things will happen: 1- urine will continue to get collected in the bladder, 2- since there is no receptor to stop urine collection in the bladder and remove the ...
What causes contraction of the bladder?
A sustained bladder contraction is produced by stimulation of the pelvic nerves, and it is generally agreed that reflex activation of this pelvic nerve excitatory tract is responsible for the emptying bladder contraction of normal micturition and for the involuntary bladder contractions seen with various neurologic and ...
What changes occur in the walls of the bladder when it becomes full and when urination occurs?
When the bladder is full of urine, stretch receptors in the bladder wall trigger the micturition reflex. The detrusor muscle that surrounds the bladder contracts. The internal urethral sphincter relaxes, allowing for urine to pass out of the bladder into the urethra. Both of these reactions are involuntary.
What is the function of smooth muscles in the bladder?
Abstract. The detrusor smooth muscle is the main muscle component of the urinary bladder wall. Its ability to contract over a large length interval and to relax determines the bladder function during filling and micturition.
What muscles cause incontinence?
Male pelvic floor muscles Stress incontinence occurs when the muscles and other tissues that support the urethra (pelvic floor muscles) and the muscles that control the release of urine (urinary sphincter) weaken. The bladder expands as it fills with urine.
What muscle is responsible for urinating?
The detrusor muscle is essentially what most people refer to as “the bladder.”. The detrusor muscle relaxes to allow urine to fill the bladder and stretches to hold more urine. When it is time to urinate, the detrusor muscle contracts to push urine out of the bladder. The detrusor muscle impacts urination. It can malfunction in two main ways.
Which system controls the innervation of the bladder?
Innervation of the bladder. The bladder is controlled by the central nervous system. The smooth muscles (i.e. the detrusor muscle and the internal urethral sphincter) are controlled by the two different divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
What is the difference between a female and a male bladder?
The bladder is connected to the outside by the urethra. In females, the urethra is fairly short, while in males, the urethra is longer and divided into 3 segments (the prostatic urethra, the membranous urethra, and the penile urethra). Two sphincters control the exit of the bladder into the urethra. The internal urethral sphincter is ...
Why is it so hard to get urine out of your bladder?
If the detrusor muscle does not contract (squeeze) or is overstretched, it can be difficult to get urine out even when you are trying to urinate. Because of that, you will retain urine, called urinary retention. The bladder is connected to the outside by the urethra.
Why does my detrusor muscle push out my urine?
If the squeeze of the detrusor muscle is strong enough, it can push urine out even if the patient is ready to urinate. When you lose urine because of an overactive detrusor muscle, it is called urge incontinence. If the detrusor muscle does not contract (squeeze) or is overstretched, it can be difficult to get urine out even when you are trying ...
What is the detrusor muscle?
The bladder serves to store urine until an appropriate time for urination. The wall of the bladder is made of the detrusor muscle, which is smooth muscle, and an overlying mucosal layer which is lined by uroepithelium. The detrusor muscle is essentially what most people refer to as “the bladder.”.
What neurons stimulate the urethral sphincter?
Somatic efferent neurons stimulate contraction of the external urethral sphincter, which is skeletal muscle. “The walls of the bladder stretch as the bladder expands during bladder filling. This is sensed by bladder afferent neurons whose sensory dendrites are located in the bladder wall. Bladder afferents project to the spinal cord ...
