What is photosynthesis and how does it work?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
What happens to oxygen and carbon dioxide in a plant cell?
Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose. The plant then releases the oxygen back into the air, and stores energy within the glucose molecules.
What is the chemical name of oxygen?
chemical element with the symbol O, whose gas form is 21% of the Earth's atmosphere. process by which plants turn water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into water, oxygen, and simple sugars.
How do organisms get the energy they need to make food?
Food is where organisms get the energy they need to carry out life processes. An autotroph is an organism that can make its own food using photosynthesis; algae Photosynthesis uses the energy in sunlight to convert energy into the food the plant needs Heterotrophs obtain food by consuming other organisms.
What is the process that produces sugar?
photosynthesisPlants produce sugar and oxygen in a process called photosynthesis, by using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. This is an important process on Earth, since it removes carbon dioxide from the air and provides food for us. Photosynthesis happens in small compartments within the plant cells, called chloroplasts.
In which process are oxygen and carbohydrates produced?
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water as starting reactants (Figure 5.5). After the process is complete, photosynthesis releases oxygen and produces carbohydrate molecules, most commonly glucose.
Does photosynthesis produce oxygen?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
What is the process of photosynthesis?
photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
Which stage of cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide?
Pyruvate oxidation. Pyruvate travels into the mitochondrial matrix and is converted to a two-carbon molecule bound to coenzyme A, called acetyl CoA. Carbon dioxide is released and NADH is made.
Where most of the ATP is produced?
mitochondrial matrixThe majority of ATP synthesis occurs in cellular respiration within the mitochondrial matrix: generating approximately thirty-two ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is oxidized.
How are photosynthesis and respiration related?
Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. Glucose is used as food by the plant and oxygen is a by-product. Cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide. Water and carbon dioxide are by- products and ATP is energy that is transformed from the process.
What can use lactic acid fermentation for energy?
SummarySome bacteria, including those we employ to make yogurt, make ATP using lactic acid fermentation.Muscle cells can continue to produce ATP when oxygen runs low using lactic acid fermentation, but muscle fatigue and pain may result.
Expert-verified answer
The process uses oxygen and sugar as reactants is the Cellular respiration as it produces ATP as the end product.
What is cellular respiration?
Celullar respiration, the system via way of means of which organisms integrate oxygen with meals molecules, diverting the chemical power in those materials into life-maintaining sports and discarding, as waste merchandise, carbon dioxide and water.
Answer
Oxygen and glucose are both reactants in the process of cellular respiration. The main product of cellular respiration is ATP; waste products include carbon dioxide and water.
How is sugar made in a plant cell?
Howis sugar made by photosynthesis in a plant cell?Describe the process of photosynthesis and its outcomes. Let's look at this one from the most basic perspective possible: Leaves make chlorophyll, which in turn produces cellulose. The way they make chlorophyll is through the process of photosynthesis -- sunlight becoming food for plants. A simple way to think about it is this: Sunlight strikes plants, leaves ingest carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, and water is absorbed into the leaves, roots, or cells themselves. During this process, sugar is created as a... Let's look at this one from the most basic perspective possible: Leaves make chlorophyll, which in turn produces cellulose. The way they make chlorophyll is through the process of photosynthesis -- sunlight becoming food for plants. A simple way to think about it is this: Sunlight strikes plants, leaves ingest carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, and water is absorbed into the leaves, roots, or cells themselves. During this process, sugar is created as a byproduct of the photosynthesis. In a plant, the leaves have pigments (chlorophyll) that absorb light and have openings to let CO2 through called stroma. Photosynthesis is the process that plant use to trap the suns energy to build glucose as food. It happens in the chloroplast. It happens in two stages: the light dependent reaction (happens in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast) and the Calvin cycle (happens in the stroma) The equation for photosynthesis is: C02 + H20 -> C6H12O6 + 02 The light dependent reaction produced ATP and NADPH, energies that are needed to produce glucose (sugar) The light dependent reaction has these steps: 1. The light hits the chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane, which excites electrons and releases enzymes that split H20 int Continue reading >>
What Are The Two Processes That Produce Atp?
According to Ohio State University, two processes living organisms use to produce ATP are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration has two types in humans, glycolysis and the phosphagen system. Aerobic cellular respiration uses glycolysis to start the Krebs cycle, which generates a high yield of ATP for every glucose molecule used. Anaerobic respiration produces a lower yield of ATP in the absence of oxygen. When the body needs energy more quickly than it can absorb oxygen, such as during a sprint, cells use anaerobic respiration to produce ATP quickly. Two types of anaerobic cellular respiration take place during exercise in humans: the phosphagen system and glycolysis. The phosphagen system uses creatine phosphate, according to Becky Bass at Sonoma State University, and produces energy primarily for bursts of activity under 30 seconds. Anaerobic glycolysis, which uses only glucose, occurs for up to two minutes; then aerobic respiration takes over. State University of New York: Cellular Respiration Eri Luxton holds a B.A. in liberal arts, an M.F.A. in creative writing, a first aid certification and a biomedical ethics certificate. She has worked as an English teacher overseas and as a local volunteer in first aid and in technology troubleshooting. Luxton mentors students in chemistry and physics while studying toward a pre-health sciences degree. Continue reading >>
How do plants use energy?
Photosynthetic organisms are the primary source for all of the biotic energy requirements of an ecosystem. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use light energy to produce carbohydrates, such as glucose, and oxygen (see Figure 1) from carbon dioxide and water. Respiration, on the other hand, is a series of reactions by which plants use the glucose molecules produced by photosynthesis to drive metabolic processes and growth; this process also produces carbon dioxide and water (see Figure 1). Figure 1: Photosynthesis and respiration shown in simplified equations. Inside the chloroplast, photosynthesis takes energy from sunlight and produces carbohydrates ( (CH2O)n) and oxygen (O2). In the mitochondria, respiration releases energy for metabolism and growth, and produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Both photosynthesis and respiration occur within plant cells. During the day, photosynthesis is the dominant process in plants. This means that the plant produces more glucose than it uses during respiration. At night, or in the absence of light, photosynthesis in plants stops, and respiration is the dominant process. The plant uses energy from the glucose it produced for growth and other metabolic processes. The light compensation point of plants is the intensity of light at which the rate of carbon dioxide uptake through photosynthesis is exactly balanced by the rate of carbon dioxide production through respiration (see Figure 2). This can also be described as the light intensity at which the rate of oxygen production is exactly balanced by the rate of oxygen consumption. Figure 2: The green line shows when the rate of photosynthesis (rate of CO2 update) is greater than the rate of respiration (rate of CO2 production). The red lines show when respiration is g Continue reading >>
What is the main organ of photosynthesis?
Plant leaves are the main photosynthetic organ , but other parts of the plant exposed to the light can develop chlorophyll and photosynthesise. The carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis comes from the air. It enters leaves through the stomata . Water enters the plant through the roots, and is transported to the leaves in the xylem Oxygen is formed as the waste product. Some is used for respiration by the plant. The excess is released from the leaves, making it available for respiration to animals and many microorganisms. During the light, provided the rate of photosynthesis is sufficiently high, plants, give out oxygen. The overall reaction for photosynthesis as given above is a simplification. Photosynthesis involves several different chemical reactions, but these can be summarised in two main stages. In the first reaction, energy is used to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is needed for the second stage of reactions and the oxygen is released by the plant as a waste product. In the reactions of the second stage, the hydrogen is combined with carbon dioxide to make glucose. Some of the glucose produced by photosynthesis is used for respiration Glucose is the starting point for the biosynthesis The glucose not used for respiration is used in the following ways: Continue reading >>
What is the process of cellular respiration?
Big Ideas Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Cellular respiration is the process by which the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and partially captured in the form of ATP. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can all be used as fuels in cellular respiration, but glucose is most commonly used as an example to examine the reactions and pathways involved. In glycolysis, the 6-carbon sugar, glucose, is broken down into two molecules of a 3-carbon molecule called pyruvate. This change is accompanied by a net gain of 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules. The Krebs (or Citric Acid) cycle occurs in the mitochondria matrix and generates a pool of chemical energy (ATP, NADH, and FADH 2 ) from the oxidation of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis. Pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria and loses carbon dioxide to form acetyl-CoA, a 2-carbon molecule. When acetyl-CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide in the Krebs cycle, chemical energy is released and captured in the form of NADH, FADH 2 , and ATP. The electron transport chain allows the release of the large amount of chemical energy stored in reduced NAD + (NADH) and reduced FAD (FADH 2 ). The energy released is captured in the form of ATP (3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH 2 ). The electron transport chain (ETC) consists of a series of molecules, mostly proteins, embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The glucose required for cellular respiration is produced by plants. Plants go through a process known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis can be thought of as the opposite process of cellular respiration. Through two processes known as the light reactions and the dark reactions, plants have the ability to absorb and utilize the energy in sunlight. This energy is then converted along with water and carbon d Continue reading >>
What is the main source of energy for plants?
Photosynthesis article provided by Encarta Encyclopedia 2000 INTRODUCTION Photosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose. In so doing, photosynthesis provides the basic energy source for virtually all organisms. An extremely important byproduct of photosynthesis is oxygen, on which most organisms depend. Photosynthesis occurs in green plants, seaweeds, algae, and certain bacteria. These organisms are veritable sugar factories, producing millions of new glucose molecules per second. Plants use much of this glucose, a carbohydrate, as an energy source to build leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. They also convert glucose to cellulose, the structural material used in their cell walls. Most plants produce more glucose than they use, however, and they store it in the form of starch and other carbohydrates in roots, stems, and leaves. The plants can then draw on these reserves for extra energy or building materials. Each year, photosynthesizing organisms produce about 170 billion metric tons of extra carbohydrates, about 30 metric tons for every person on earth. Photosynthesis has far-reaching implications. Like plants, humans and other animals depend on glucose as an energy source, but they are unable to produce it on their own and must rely ultimately on the glucose produced by plants. Moreover, the oxygen humans and other animals breathe is the oxygen released during photosynthesis. Humans are also dependent on ancient products of photosynthesis, known as fossil fuels, for supplying most of our modern industrial energy. These fossil fuels, including natural gas, coal, and petroleum, are composed of a complex mix of hydrocarbons, the remains of organisms that Continue reading >>
How does light interception work in photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis Light interception by leaves powers photos ynthesis All organisms, animals and plants, must obtain energy to maintain basic biological functions for survival and reproduction. Plants convert energy from sunlight into sugar in a process called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses energy from light to convert water and carbon dioxide molecules into glucose (sugar molecule) and oxygen (Figure 2). The oxygen is released, or “exhaled”, from leaves while the energy contained within glucose molecules is used throughout the plant for growth, flower formation, and fruit development. There are several structures within a leaf that have important roles in the movement of nutrients and water throughout a plant. Each plant contains a branched system of tubes called xylem, which is responsible for water transport from the roots (where it is taken up) to the leaves (where it is used in photosynthesis). Water flows up from the roots, through the trunk and branches, to the leaves, where it is used in photosynthesis. Alongside xylem is another system of tubes called phloem, which transports the glucose formed in photosynthesis into the branches, fruit, trunk and roots of the tree. The ends of both the xylem and phloem transport systems can be seen within each leaf vein (Figure 3). The structure of xylem and phloem in a plant is analogous to arteries and veins in humans, which move blood to and from the heart and lungs. For more information regarding the structure and function of xylem and phloem, review the Irrigation and Rootstock sections. Leaves contain water which is necessary to convert light energy into glucose through photosynthesis. Leaves have two structures that minimize water loss, the cuticle and stomata. The cuticle is a waxy coating on the top and bottom of Continue reading >>
