How To Make Sure You Have The Right Joist Spacing
- 1. Joist Spacing With Composite Decking Every deck board manufacturer puts its decking material through in-depth independent testing to find the right joist spacing. In almost every case, composite decking manufacturers have found that 16-inches on-center is the maximum joist spacing for their boards. ...
- 2. Local Building Codes
Can I use 2x6 for deck joists?
You can use 2×6 as deck joists if the deck is low enough to the ground as not to require guard railing. When using S-P-F 2×6 deck joists, the span must not be greater than 9’0″ (2.73m) with joists at 16″ o.c. (400mm), and 9’10” (3.01m)with spacing at 12″ (300mm). Which provides a good size deck for setting up a few chairs to soak up the sun with.
What is the average screw size for a deck?
The standard length for deck screws ranges from 1 ½ inches to 6 inches, depending on the size of the deck boards, joists, railings, and posts. Ideally, the screw should penetrate completely through one piece of wood or composite and about half of this length into the second piece of wood or composite to properly secure the two pieces together.
How far apart should deck joists be?
The short answer: deck joists are typically spaced either 12 inches or 16 inches apart, on center. (On-center means the length from the center of one joist to the center of the next joist, rather than a gap from edge to edge). A slightly more in-depth look: the maximum joist spacing you can use for your frame will depend on a few factors:
What is the maximum span for a 2x8 floor joist?
What is the maximum span for a 2x8 floor joist? In general terms, joists spaced 16 inches on center can span 1.5 times in feet their depth in inches. A 2x8 up to 12 feet; 2x10 to 15 feet and 2x12 to 18 feet. Click to see full answer. Also know, what is the maximum span for a 2x6 floor joist?
Should I use 2x4 or 2x6 for deck?
Most builders stick to using a minimum of 2x6s for deck floor joists. If you want to add guardrails and stairs, you need at least 2x10s. 2×4 and 2×6 joists are ideal for ground-level decks without guards.
What size wood should I use for my deck frame?
For the deck surface, you can use 2x4s, 2x6s, or 5/4x6s. The 5/4 decking (pronounced "five-quarter"), available in cedar and pressure-treated fir, is 1 inch thick and 5-1/2 inches wide with rounded edges that make for a splinter-free surface.
Are 2x6 joists OK for deck?
You can use 2×6 as deck joists if the deck is low enough to the ground as not to require guard railing. When using S-P-F 2×6 deck joists, the span must not be greater than 9'0″ (2.73m) with joists at 16″ o.c. (400mm), and 9'10” (3.01m)with spacing at 12″ (300mm).
Can I build a deck with 2x8 joists?
If the outside edge of your deck is at least 17” above grade, a double 2x8 deck beam should be installed to support the joists along the outside. The joists will then extend over the beam in a cantilever position.
How far can a 2x6 joist span on a deck?
How Far Can 2×6 Decking Span? A decking board made up of 2x6s can span a maximum distance of 24 inches from joist to joist.
Can I use 4x2 for decking joists?
4 x 2 Timber Rail / Joist. Pressure treated timber joists. These decking joists are the most common sized framing timber for decking. They provide a solid structure for fixing your decking boards too.
Should I use 2x6 or 2x8 for deck joists?
Commonly used joist sizes are 2-by-6, 2-by-8 and 2-by-10. For example, when you space joists 16″ apart — which is standard for residential decks — a deck spanning 9 1/2′ would require 2-by-6 joists, a 13′ deck would need 2-by-8 joists and a 16′ deck calls for 2-by-10 joists.
How far can a 2x6 joist span without support?
A general rule of thumb for joist span is 1-1/2 times a board's depth in feet, however, it's not that simple. The distance a 2×6 can span is determined by the species, grade, location, use, load, and spacing. Based on building codes, a 2×6 can span anywhere from 2'-1” to 20'-8” depending on the affecting factors.
How far can a 2x8 deck joist span without support?
Span is determined by species, grade, dimensions, spacing, use, and load. A rule of thumb is 1.5 times a joist's depth but in feet when spaced at 16” centers. In general, a 2×8 will span 1.5 x 8, so 12-feet.
Can I use 2x10 for deck joists?
There is certainly no problem using the 2x10s for any of the structural framing of the deck. Using 2x10 treated lumber for decking is another matter entirely.
How much weight will a 2x8 support?
A 2×8 will adequately support a dead load of 20 psf and a live load of 40 psf depending on some factors, including allowable span. This equates to a total load of 60 psf. Therefore, for a 2x8x10, the total load would equal 600 pounds per lineal foot.
What is maximum span for 2x8 joist?
Max. Live Load 30 lbs/ft2 (1436 N/m2)Maximum Span (ft - in)Nominal Size (inches)Joist Spacing Center to Center (inches)Lumber Grade2 x 81215' - 10"1614' - 5"2412' - 4"10 more rows
Should I use 2x6 or 2x8 for deck joists?
Commonly used joist sizes are 2-by-6, 2-by-8 and 2-by-10. For example, when you space joists 16″ apart — which is standard for residential decks — a deck spanning 9 1/2′ would require 2-by-6 joists, a 13′ deck would need 2-by-8 joists and a 16′ deck calls for 2-by-10 joists.
Can I use 1x4 for decking?
Width of material: We recommend only 1x4, 5/4x4 or narrower boards. Never use 1x6 or 5/4x6 material in close to ground applications. Spacing between boards: You must allow space for your deck boards to expand when they take on moisture, as they will inevitably do when exposed to wet weather, rain or high humidity.
What thickness should deck boards be?
1-1/4”Common deck board thickness. The most commonly used thickness for deck construction is 1-1/4”. But you can also get boards 2” thick, while there are boards only ¾” thick. It depends on the material, how flexible it is, and its hardness rate.
Can I use 2x6 for deck boards?
Wood decking is commonly available in 2x6, 2x4, 5/4 x 6, and 5/4 x 4 profiles. 5/4 x 4 and 5/4 x 6 is produced specifically for decking and can be found milled with a radius or bullnose edge. 2x4 and 2x6 are thicker and stronger, but they also tend to be more expensive than a 5/4 board of the same width.
How many inches should deck joists be?
Deck joists are typically spaced either every 12 inches or 16 inches on center. The maximum joist spacing you can use will depend on the size and allowable span of your joists.
How many inches of joist spacing for 45 degree deck?
Composite decking brands also generally require 12 inches O.C.joist spacing for 45-degree or angled composite deck board applications. This ensures that
Why Do I Need To Plan My Deck With The Right Joist Spacing?
It’s essential to plan your joist spans and joist spacing correctly - this makes sure your deck will meet building codes and makes it much quicker and easier to get the building permits you need to get started on your deck project. More important than all that, though: joist spacing and span requirements are based on tried-and-true industry standards, and they’re in place to make sure your deck is safe and structurally sound for you, your family, and your friends.
How Far Can Floor Deck Joists Span?
The length of a joist defines the deck joist span. For example, the maximum span length of a Douglas fir-larch, 2×12, supporting a 40 (PSF) live load and 10 (PSF) dead load, with 12″ spacing, is 18 feet 3.
Is There a Standard Floor Joist Span?
Because every house is unique, there is no standard floor joist span. There are just too many variables present to establish a standard for floor joist span.
Deck Cantilevers Explained
A deck cantilever is a deck section that projects out beyond the supporting joists. You can use this to create a covered porch or extended seating area. The maximum cantilever distance is 4 foot 6 inches, but it’s best to keep it within 2 feet for most decks.
Conclusion
Deck joist sizes and span can be a complicated subject, but we’ve done our best to simplify it. You can use these tables to determine deck joist sizes, spacing, and span based on wood species.
What is joist span?
Each joist is one of a series of long, horizontal structures that support the decking itself. While beams are vertical, joists lay horizontally on top of each beam to provide a sturdy, level surface to lay your decking materials across.
Can you order specific wood?
You can order a specific type of wood from the supplier, but shipping costs can increase the amount you will spend on lumber for joists and framing.
Do I need a permit to build a deck?
If you just asked yourself “ do I need a permit to build a deck ?” remember that the answer is almost always yes. As a rule, the larger the deck, the larger the joists. For example, joists spaced 16 inches from the center of the joist next to it can span 1.5 times in feet the depth of their inches. To learn more about deck joist sizing, spacing, and allowable span, reference this chart.
Can you use steel joists on a deck?
If you’re building a deck, you’re not solely limited to wood to create joists and framing. Steel joists offer a stronger, straighter, and potentially safer alternative to wood. Even when using the strongest wood to build joists for a deck, that wood is still subject to the elements and can bend, bow, or warp with time.
Is steel joists stronger than wood?
Steel joists offer a stronger, straighter, and potentially safer alternative to wood. Even when using the strongest wood to build joists for a deck, that wood is still subject to the elements and can bend, bow, or warp with time. Steel joists are machine-made, making each joist an identical twin. Similarly, steel will not warp over time, allowing ...
How much joist space should I use for a deck?
Increasing joist space to 24” on centre will reduce the allowable span. A spacing I would never recommend, and decking will often not allow. With joist at 24” on centre, you will feel like a giant walking, the decking shaking and sinking with every step. But if you want to save on joist, 24” on centre is the least amount of joist allowed. Roughly the quick math for joist at 24” on centre is nominal depth plus two. A 2×6 can span 8’, and 2×12, 14’ at 24” on centre — not a great change with small joist in but a world of difference with larger joist.
What are deck joists?
Deck joist are the horizontal framing members providing the frame and support for the decking. Deck joists can be either steel or wood but are commonly wood. The skeleton of the deck, unseen but providing the structure and strength of a deck. Defining space, all while supporting the decking, allowing you to enjoy your own outdoor space.
How is the spring of a deck determined?
The spring of the joist is determined by the span of the joist, the spring of the decking by the spacing of the joist. Deck joists impact everything. With all decking, especially composite, always verify decking span requirements when deciding joist layout requirements.
How long should a 2x8 deck span?
The span is nominal depth times two minus one. A 2×8 joist can span roughly 15’, (8×2)-1.
What is angle direction of decking?
Angle direction of decking will reduce the required on centre joist spacing. For example, Trex’s reduces the joist spacing according to the decking direction.
How deep can a 2x6 joist span?
Rule of thumb, non-incised Spruce/Pine/Fir joist can span its nominal depth times one and a half at 16’ on centre. A 2×8 joist can span 8×1.5=12’. A 2×6 joist can span roughly 9’ at 16” on centre. Sorry metric has no such easy conversion.
What makes a deck strong?
Decking is beautiful, but it’s the joist that makes a deck strong. The joists providing the frame for the entire deck. Hidden under the decking, but joists are the unseen hero that is making all the difference. Its when joists fail that you have a deck disaster. It’s the strength of joists that determine how safe you feel on your deck by how much it moves as you walk. It’s the joist that will be supporting you and your entire extended family for the summer reunion. O joist, I love you for you make deck real and backyards fun.
How far apart should joists be on a deck?
In North America, joist spacing for residential decks is 12″ to 16″ apart, or according to local building code. Most decks require 16″ spacing for the deck itself, with 12″ spacing used for special applications, such as stairs or commercial structures.
What is a Decking Joist?
A decking joist is a repeated board used as the structural base for your deck frame that is attached to the ledger via galvanized joist hangers. Typically, joists run perpendicular to the house, while the decking on top runs parallel to the house. Every significant portion of your deck needs to be supported by a joist. Otherwise, it will not be structurally sound and could bend or buckle over time.
How to trim rim joists?
Use your chalk line reel to mark a straight line from each end joist — also called rim joists — to see whether you need to further trim any joists to size. Remember, it is critical that the joists be the exact same length. If your joists require further trimming, use your circular saw, and remember to re-treat or tape the newly cut ends.
How to nail a joist hanger?
If tackling your project alone: If you are working without an assistant to help you nail the hanger into place, use your pencil or chalk to mark where the top of the first joist hanger is when using the scrap wood. Do this again with the final joist hanger. Then, use your chalk line reel to pull a straight line from the first and last hanger locations. Double-check that the line is level, then begin nailing the hangers into place according to your marks.
How to build a deck early in the morning?
Start your build early in the morning, so you have enough time to finish it before nightfall. 1. Mark Joist Location. Before you begin, take the time to cut all your joist lumber to size , according to deck dimensions and spacing requirements.
How far should a deck cantilever be from a beam?
Deck cantilevers should not exceed one-quarter of the joist’s total length and should be no more than three times the width of the joist. For the overhang on a deck to remain compliant with building codes, it must meet each of these conditions.
What is the best material for deck framing?
Pressure-treated lumber is ideal for deck framing. We also recommend using joist tape or a wood protectant to help shield cut ends from moisture damage. Joist tape is a self-adhesive tape made of rubberized asphalt that you place on cut joist ends to help protect it from water and reduce sound transmission.
How far apart should joists be on a deck?
The minimum joist size is a 2-by-6, which may span up to 11 feet 7 inches without additional support if they are spaced just 12 inches apart.
How high should a deck post be?
If the deck is below 6 feet, then we can use a 4-by-4 post, but if the deck is over 6 feet high, then a 6-by-6 post is required.
What is rim joist?
The rim joists are the joists that make up the outside of the frame. If the deck is fastened to a house or other building, the board that fastens to the house framing is the ledger board. The ledger board is another joist and is usually the same size lumber as the other joists.
What is a deck frame?
A deck frame is essentially a wooden platform raised off the ground and supported by beams and posts. The posts stand on concrete footings called piers. The platform frame is made primarily from of 2-by lumber called joists. On a small deck, the beams are sometimes incorporated into the joist framing.
What happens if a deck is large?
If the deck is large, you’ll end up buying more joist hangers, more bolts and you’ll have to dig and pour more concrete footings.
How far apart should a 4x10 beam be?
The distance required between posts depends on the beam size. A 4-by-10 beam that supports a joist span of 12 feet, requires posts no more than 9 feet apart.
What is the benefit of a 4x12 beam?
On a large deck, using the 4-by-12 beam will save you the labor and cost of pouring additional footings and installing additional posts. If the deck is high enough to walk under, it also increases the open space beneath the de ck for a patio or storage area.
How many mm should a joist be?
centres for joists should be 400mm. supports normally around 1.5m. No real hard and fast rule. we always do the bounce test after its done and put in any extra if needed
Do you need to increase the number of verticle supports?
you will need to increase the number of verticle supports or it will flex like trampoline
