what supplies the superior mesenteric artery

What do the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries supply?

The superior mesenteric artery supplies the midgut and the inferior mesenteric artery supplies the hindgut. Each of these arteries give off major branches that supply regions of the gastrointestinal tract.

What does the mesenteric artery supply blood to?

Superior mesenteric arterySourceabdominal aortaBranchesinferior pancreaticoduodenal middle colic right colic intestinal branches (jejunal, ileal) ileocolicVeinsuperior mesenteric veinSuppliesintestine11 more rows

What does the superior mesenteric vein supply?

The main function of the superior mesenteric vein is to drain the blood from the distal portion of the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, it drains the small intestine, caecum, ascending and transverse parts of the colon, and distal parts of the stomach and greater omentum.

Does the superior mesenteric artery supply the liver?

The entire arterial blood supply to the liver, therefore, was derived from the superior mesenteric artery. Patterns of regression of the ventral branches and the partial disappearance of the ventral anastomotic arteries during embryonic development play a major role in the variations of the gut arteries.

What drains into the superior mesenteric artery?

Relevant variants to note: the gastrocolic trunk, one of the main tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein composed of the right gastroepiploic vein and the colonic drainage veins, is observed to drain into the main trunk of the superior mesenteric vein or the right intestinal branch of the superior mesenteric vein.

Which of the following is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery quizlet?

The superior mesenteric artery supplies the distal portions of the small intestine: the jejunum and ileum.

Where does the superior mesenteric vein supply blood to?

the liverThe superior mesenteric artery, which carries blood into the digestive system, is on the left side of the abdomen. The SMV joins with the splenic vein and becomes the hepatic portal vein. It is the hepatic portal vein that carries the blood to the liver.

What artery supplies the stomach?

The arterial supply to the stomach is derived primarily from the celiac axis. The celiac axis arises from the proximal abdominal aorta and typically branches into the common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries.

Which veins drain into superior mesenteric vein?

The superior mesenteric vein is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). Behind the neck of the pancreas, the superior mesenteric vein combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein.

What does the SMA supply?

The superior mesenteric artery supplies the midgut from the ampullary region of the second part of the duodenum to the splenic flexure of the large intestine. The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery arises from the SMA and, along with the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, supplies the head of the pancreas.

What artery supplies the pancreas?

Pancreas is vascularized by splenic, gastroduodenal and mesenteric superior arteries. The above mentioned blood vessels send numerous branches into the different parts of pancreas and adjacent organs.

What artery supplies the ileum?

ileocolic arteryThe ileocolic artery supplies the distal ileum, cecum, and proximal ascending colon.

What organ does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

Colon: Structure and Function The inferior mesenteric artery, also a branch of the abdominal aorta, supplies the distal third of the transverse colon, the descending colon and sigmoid colon, and the superior portion of the rectum as the superior hemorrhoidal artery.

What arteries supply blood to the stomach?

The arterial supply to the stomach is derived primarily from the celiac axis. The celiac axis arises from the proximal abdominal aorta and typically branches into the common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries.

What artery supplies blood to the stomach liver and spleen?

The celiac artery gives rise to three major branches, including the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries. Collectively, these major branches of the celiac artery supply the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, abdominal esophagus, pancreas, and duodenum.

Which vessel supplies the blood to the kidneys?

renal arteriesThe renal arteries are large blood vessels that carry blood from your heart to your kidneys. Renal is another word for kidney. You have two renal arteries. The right renal artery supplies blood to the right kidney, while the left artery sends blood to the left kidney.

What causes superior mesenteric artery occlusion?

There are a number of cause of superior mesenteric artery occlusion, including thrombosis, embolism, abdominal aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Often acute, occlusion of the SMA restricts blood flow to the midgut, resulting in intestinal ischaemia.

What is the superior mesenteric artery?

The Superior Mesenteric Artery. The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is a major artery of the abdomen. It arises from the abdominal aorta, and supplies arterial blood to the organs of the midgut – which spans from the major duodenal papilla (of the duodenum) to the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon.

What is the SMA in the stomach?

Anterior to the SMA – pyloric part of the stomach, splenic vein and neck of the pancreas. Posterior to the SMA – left renal vein, uncinate process of the pancreas and inferior part of the duodenum. The uncinate process is the only part of the pancreas that hooks around the back of the SMA.

Which arterial artery supplies the transverse colon?

In contrast, the ileal blood supply is marked by more arterial arcades with shorter vasa recta. Middle and Right Colic Arteries. The right and middle colic arteries arise from the right side of the superior mesenteric artery to supply the colon: Middle colic artery - supplies the transverse colon.

Which artery is the first branch of the SMA?

The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is the first branch of the SMA. It forms anterior and posterior vessels, which anastomose with branches of the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (derived from the coeliac trunk).

Which artery passes inferiorly and to the right?

The ileocolic artery is the final major branch of the superior mesenteric artery. It passes inferiorly and to the right, giving rise to branches to the ascending colon, appendix, cecum, and ileum. In cases of appendectomy, the appendicular artery is ligated.

Which artery gives rise to numerous arteries that supply the jejunum and ileum?

The superior mesenteric artery gives rise to numerous arteries that supply the jejunum and ileum. The arteries pass between the layers of the mesentery and form anastomotic arcades – from which smaller, straight arteries (known as the “vasa recta”) arise to supply the organs (fig 2).

What are the different types of SMA?

As with many parts of the circulatory system, a significant amount of people display variations in the anatomy of the SMA. The most common of these are: 1  1 Variant origin of right hepatic artery: In anywhere from 10% to 17% of cases, the right hepatic artery—which supplies blood to the liver—arises directly from the SMA. 2 Variant origin of common hepatic artery: As above, the common hepatic artery (another one that delivers blood to the liver) originates from the SMA in 1% to 3% of people. 3 Common trunk: In rarer cases—less than 1%—doctors have observed a “celiacomesenteric trunk,” in which the SMA and the celiac trunk (which supplies parts of the gastrointestinal tract) sharing a common origin. 4 Absent marginal artery of Drummond: Another less common case is the absence of the artery of Drummond, which can lead to health problems if there is a blockage within the SMA. 5 Variant origin of the splenic artery: Usually arising from the celiac trunk, there have been rare cases where the splenic artery originates from the SMA instead.

What is the clinical significance of SMA?

Clinical Significance. A number of conditions and diseases can affect the SMA affecting its ability to deliver oxygenated blood, and the resulting complications can be dangerous and even deadly. Notably, this artery can become subject to narrowing, affecting blood flow and leading to a condition called “acute mesenteric ischemia.”.

What are the issues with the superior mesenteric artery?

Among the issues that can arise from the superior mesenteric artery are those related to decreased blood supply coming through the vessel. This can happen both suddenly (acute mesenteric ischemia) or progressively over time (chronic mesenteric ischemia). Other times the artery itself can exert mechanical pressure on a portion ...

What is the SMA in anatomy?

Clinical Significance. A major artery of the abdomen, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is a primary source of blood from the heart for many organs of the midgut, all of which are associated with the digestive system. Via its branches, it supplies important parts of the small intestine, including the lower portion ...

Where does the common hepatic artery originate?

Variant origin of common hepatic artery: As above, the common hepatic artery (another one that delivers blood to the liver) originates from the SMA in 1% to 3% of people. Common trunk: In rarer cases—less than 1%—doctors have observed a “celiacomesenteric trunk,” in which the SMA and the celiac trunk ...

What is the function of the SMA?

As noted, the primary task of the SMA is to supply important parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, the artery and its branches deliver oxygenated blood to the lower portion of the duodenum, jejenum, ileum, cecum, and ascending colon as well as parts of the transverse colon (the latter two regions making up what’s known as the “splenic flexure”). 2  As such, it serves an essential role in digestion, ensuring that the small intestines and pancreas are provided with the oxygen they need to serve their purposes.

What is the name of the artery that exerts pressure on the small intestine?

Other times the artery itself can exert mechanical pressure on a portion of the small intestine called the duodenum. This can lead to a range of dangerous symptoms, including sudden weight loss, nausea, abdominal pain, and others. . 2 . SEBASTIAN KAULITZKI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images.

What is the term for a disease that results from atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries?

Mesenteric ischaemia - Chronic mesenteric ischaemia can result from atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries. Acute mesenteric ischaemia commonly results from an embolus that becomes lodged in any of the branches of the mesenteric arteries.

What is the condition where the duodenum is trapped between the abdominal aorta and the superior me

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome - This is a rare disease that occurs when the duodenum is trapped between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, causing compression or complete obstruction. The patient will present with bloating after meals, nausea and vomiting and a feeling of abdominal fullness.

Which branch of the arteries runs superiorly and supplies the ascending colon?

The colic branch runs superiorly and supplies the ascending colon. Jejunal and Ileal branches - These arteries branch off from the left side of the superior mesenteric artery to supply the jejunum and ileum. They form arterial arcades (a network of arteries that lies near the bowel and supplies it).

Which artery supplies the caecum, appendix and ileum?

The former anastomoses with the middle colic artery and the latter anastomoses with the ileocolic artery. Ileocolic artery - This artery supplies the caecum, appendix and ileum. In order to reach the ascending colon, it passes downward and to the right.

Which artery runs directly to the right and supplies the ascending artery?

the left one anastomoses with the left colic artery (a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery), and the right anastomoses with the right colic artery. Right colic artery - This artery runs directly to the right, and supplies the ascending colon.

Which artery supplies the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon?

Middle colic artery - This is the second branch arising from the right side of the superior mesenteric artery and supplies the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon. It branches off just below the pancreas, and travels upwards within the mesentery of the transverse colon.

Which artery supplies the head of the pancreas?

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery - This is the first branch of the superior mesenteric artery, arising from its right side, and supplies the head of the pancreas as well as the inferior and ascending regions of the duodenum. This artery gives off two further branches i.e. anterior and posterior branches.

Where is the superior mesenteric artery located?

In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas .

Which arteries are sma branches?

This artery is completed by branches of the left colic which is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery .

What is the right colic artery?

to the transverse colon (distal loop) The middle, right, and ileocecal branches anastomose with each other to form a marginal artery along the inner border of the colon.

Where is the L1 artery located?

It initially travels in an anterior/inferior direction, passing behind/under the neck of the pancreas and the splenic vein. Located under this portion of the superior mesenteric artery, between it and the aorta, are the following:

Where is the uncinate process of the pancreas?

The SMA typically runs to the left of the similarly named vein, the superior mesenteric vein. After passing the neck of the pancreas it starts giving off its branches.

Where is the left renal vein located?

Located under this portion of the superior mesenteric artery, between it and the aorta, are the following: left renal vein - travels between the left kidney and the inferior vena cava (can be compressed between the SMA and the abdominal aorta at this location, leading to nutcracker syndrome ).

What is the name of the condition where the artery compresses the renal vein?

Nutcracker syndrome occurs when the artery compresses the renal vein. This is not the same as superior mesenteric artery syndrome, which involves the artery compressing the duodenum. The fatty build-up leading to atherosclerosis is not an issue with this artery as it is with other vessels in the body. Last medically reviewed on January 23, 2018.

What is the superior mesenteric artery?

The superior mesenteric artery is a major blood vessel in the digestive system. This artery branches off the abdominal aorta and supplies oxygenated blood to the pancreas and the lower parts of the intestine.

What is the name of the vein that transports oxygen-depleted blood away from the digestive system?

A similarly named superior mesenteric vein exists, which transports oxygen-depleted blood away from the digestive system. There are two known pathological conditions associated with the superior mesenteric artery: nutcracker syndrome and superior mesenteric artery syndrome.

Which veins carry oxygen-depleted blood?

A similarly named superior mesenteric vein exists, which transports oxygen-depleted blood away from ...

What is the superior mesenteric artery?

The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is one of the three non-paired major splanchnic arteries in the abdominal cavity arising from the abdominal aorta and supplying the midgut.

Which branch of the ileocolic artery terminates at the ileum?

The superior mesenteric artery terminates at the ileum where it anastomoses with the ileal branch of the ileocolic artery.

Which artery supplies the gut?

The superior mesenteric artery is the artery to the midgut. It supplies the gut from the ampulla of Vater of the 2 nd part of the duodenum to the distal third of the transverse colon, and includes structures in between such as 5 : jejunum. ileum.

Which artery is the terminal branch of the colon?

The terminal branches of the superior mesenteric artery (ileocolic, right colic, middle colic) and inferior mesenteric artery (left colic, sigmoid) which supply the colon are linked together by a continuous arterial circle or arcade along the mesenteric border, known as the marginal artery of Drummond. This arcade is considered a normal structure, ...

Where should the superior mesenteric vein be positioned?

The superior mesenteric vein (SMV) should be positioned to the right of the SMA, especially the first 3 cm distal to its origin. Reversal of SMA/SMV relationship is classically associated with intestinal malrotation, although distally (>6 cm from origin) this may be a normal finding 6 .

Overview

• Structure & Location
  A non-paired artery, the SMA arises from the anterior (forward-facing) surface of the abdominal aorta as its second major branch at the level of the lower lumbar vertebrae (L1).2 Its course is anteroinferior—meaning it generally moves down and towards the front of the body. This takes i…
• Anatomical Variations
  As with many parts of the circulatory system, a significant amount of people display variations in the anatomy of the SMA. The most common of these are:1 1. Variant origin of right hepatic artery:In anywhere from 10% to 17% of cases, the right hepatic artery—which supplies blood to t…

See more on verywellhealth.com

Structure

Clinical relevance

Additional images

External links