Major organ systems of the human body
| Organ system | Function | Organs, tissues, and structures involved |
| Cardiovascular | Transports oxygen, nutrients, and other ... | Heart, blood, and blood vessels |
| Lymphatic | Defends against infection and disease an ... | Lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels |
| Digestive | Processes foods and absorbs nutrients, m ... | Mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, stoma ... |
| Endocrine | Provides communication within the body v ... | Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroids ... |
Are organs organized into tissues?
The human body is organized at different levels, starting with the cell. Cells are organized into tissues, and tissues form organs. Organs are organized into organ systems such as the skeletal and muscular systems.
Are organs made up of their own kind of tissue?
Organs are made up of tissues, such as the liver which is made up of dense connective tissue, and this tissue is made up of cells. Organ System level of organization Organ systems are when a group of organs almost act together, utilizing one another to create a process.
Why do tissues team up to form organs?
Why do tissues team up to form organs? “Often, tissues cannot function or operate by themselves. So, these tissues team up to form organs.” … Other tissues in your pancreas help you digest food. So, each organ performs its specific function because of the tissues that constitute it.” How are tissues and organs similar?
Is tissue made of lots of cells or organs?
That is, a tissue is a group of cells with a similar shape and function. In turn, organs (which make up the body) are comprised of various tissues.Several tissues will comprise an organ.For example, the contractile cells of skeletal muscle are bundled together to make muscle fiber tissue.
What are organs made of?
In biology, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function. In the hierarchy of life, an organ lies between tissue and an organ system. Tissues are formed from same type cells to act together in a function.
How many tissue types make up an organ?
There are 4 basic types of tissue: connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.
Which organ has all 4 tissue types?
The human heart is the central part of the circulatory system. This muscular organ functions by pumping blood throughout the body. The major types of tissues found in the human heart include: Connective tissue: It binds, connects, supports, and separate tissues or organs from each other.
What type of tissue is in the kidney?
epithelial tissueThe parenchyma of the kidney is epithelial tissue (mostly renal tubules). The blood vessels, nerves, and supporting connective tissue of the kidney comprise the stroma.
How are organs formed?
Organs arise from the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm; the three primary germ cell layers are established during gastrulation. Each of these layers is derived from the epiblast. By week eight, organogenesis is complete. The fetus appears human-like and is prepared to undergo further growth and differentiation.
What tissue makes up the heart?
Histologically, the heart is mainly composed of cardiomyocytes and connective tissue. Dense connective tissue with elastic fibers is present in the cardiac/fibrous skeleton.
Is blood an organ or a tissue?
Blood is considered a type of connective tissue (sometimes). However, an organ is formed of multiple different tissues. Thus, blood is a tissue, not an organ.
Which tissue is present in heart?
Cardiac muscle tissueCardiac muscle tissue is one of the three types of muscle tissue in your body. The other two types are skeletal muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue. Cardiac muscle tissue is only found in your heart, where it performs coordinated contractions that allow your heart to pump blood through your circulatory system.
What are the 4 main types of tissues and their functions?
Epithelial tissues act as coverings controlling the movement of materials across the surface. Connective tissue integrates the various parts of the body and provides support and protection to organs. Muscle tissue allows the body to move. Nervous tissues propagate information.
What are the 4 types of connective tissue?
The extracellular matrix between the cells usually includes fibers of one or more types embedded in an amorphous ground substance. Connective tissues are classified into four classes: BLOOD, BONE, CARTILAGE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER.
What are the 4 types of epithelial tissue?
The four major classes of simple epithelium are: 1) simple squamous; 2) simple cuboidal; 3) simple columnar; and 4) pseudostratified.
What are the 3 kinds of plant tissue?
They differentiate into three main tissue types: dermal, vascular, and ground tissue. Each plant organ (roots, stems, leaves) contains all three tissue types: Dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, and controls gas exchange and water absorption (in roots).
What organ contains cells that contract to expel bile?
Even an organ as apparently simple as the gallbladder contains different types of cells, such as those that form a lining resistant to the irritative effects of bile, muscle cells that contract to expel bile, and cells that form the fibrous outer wall holding the sac together. NOTE: This is the Consumer Version.
What are the organs of the body?
Organs are the body's recognizable structures (for example, the heart, lungs, liver, eyes, and stomach ) that perform specific functions. An organ is made of several types of tissue and therefore several types of cells. For example, the heart contains muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood, fibrous tissue that makes up the heart valves, and special cells that maintain the rate and rhythm of heartbeats. The eye contains muscle cells that open and close the pupil, clear cells that make up the lens and cornea, cells that produce the fluid within the eye, cells that sense light, and nerve cells that conduct impulses to the brain. Even an organ as apparently simple as the gallbladder contains different types of cells, such as those that form a lining resistant to the irritative effects of bile, muscle cells that contract to expel bile, and cells that form the fibrous outer wall holding the sac together.
What is tissue in biology?
Tissues are related cells that are joined together. The cells in a tissue are not identical, but they work together to accomplish specific functions. A sample of tissue removed for examination under a microscope (biopsy) contains many types of cells, even though a doctor may be interested in only one specific type.
Which tissue contracts to pump blood?
For example, the heart contains muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood, fibrous tissue that makes up the heart valves, and special cells that maintain the rate and rhythm of heartbeats.
Where is connective tissue found?
The characteristics of connective tissue and the types of cells it contains vary, depending on where it is found in the body.
When was the Merck Manual first published?
The Manual was first published as the Merck Manual in 1899 as a service to the community.
What organ contains cells that contract to expel bile?
Even an organ as apparently simple as the gallbladder contains different types of cells, such as those that form a lining resistant to the irritative effects of bile, muscle cells that contract to expel bile, and cells that form the fibrous outer wall holding the sac together. NOTE: This is the Consumer Version.
What are the organs of the body?
Organs are the body's recognizable structures (for example, the heart, lungs, liver, eyes, and stomach ) that perform specific functions. An organ is made of several types of tissue and therefore several types of cells. For example, the heart contains muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood, fibrous tissue that makes up the heart valves, and special cells that maintain the rate and rhythm of heartbeats. The eye contains muscle cells that open and close the pupil, clear cells that make up the lens and cornea, cells that produce the fluid within the eye, cells that sense light, and nerve cells that conduct impulses to the brain. Even an organ as apparently simple as the gallbladder contains different types of cells, such as those that form a lining resistant to the irritative effects of bile, muscle cells that contract to expel bile, and cells that form the fibrous outer wall holding the sac together.
What is tissue in biology?
Tissues are related cells that are joined together. The cells in a tissue are not identical, but they work together to accomplish specific functions. A sample of tissue removed for examination under a microscope (biopsy) contains many types of cells, even though a doctor may be interested in only one specific type.
What are the cells that make up the eye?
The eye contains muscle cells that open and close the pupil, clear cells that make up the lens and cornea, cells that produce the fluid within the eye, cells that sense light, and nerve cells that conduct impulses to the brain.
Where is connective tissue found?
The characteristics of connective tissue and the types of cells it contains vary, depending on where it is found in the body.
When was the Merck Manual first published?
The Merck Manual was first published in 1899 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America. Learn more about our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge.
What is the tissue of the body?
Tissues. When cells of a certain type are grouped together, the resulting structure is called tissue. There is muscle tissue, which is made of strands of muscle cells. Adipose tissue is one layer of skin made of fat cells.
What is the name of the organ that has connective tissue?
Organs. When different types of tissues are organized together to perform a complex function, it's called an organ. The heart is an organ. It has muscle tissue, connective tissue, and nerve tissue all working together to pump blood. Organs can do more than one function and each function can be pretty complicated.
What are the shapes of muscle cells?
Muscle cells are thick and elongated, like live rubber bands. Red blood cells are flat and oval-shaped. The shapes of the cells help them with their individual functions. Each cell serves a single purpose in the body. Muscle cells contract and nerve cells transmit impulses.
What are nerve cells?
Nerve cells are long, thin and covered in myelin, natural insulation. Nerve cells conduct impulses, which are used to communicate. They're basically the telephone wires of the body, and they the part. Muscle cells are thick and elongated, like live rubber bands. Red blood cells are flat and oval-shaped.
What are the functions of organs?
Organs can do more than one function and each function can be pretty complicated. The eyes sense color, movement, and light. They move and focus. The biggest organ in (or on) the human body is the skin. It's a great example of layers of tissue working together to do several functions: 1 Holds in fluids 2 Regulates heat 3 Senses heat and pressure
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cells. Cells are the smallest unit of life. To understand what a cell looks like, picture a chicken egg. It has an outer membrane (in the case of an egg, it's a hard shell, but most cells aren't like that); it's filled with nutrient-rich fluid (whites of the egg versus cytoplasm in a cell) and has a nucleus (egg yolk).
What is the biggest organ in the human body?
The biggest organ in (or on) the human body is the skin. It's a great example of layers of tissue working together to do several functions: Holds in fluids. Regulates heat. Senses heat and pressure. The organization of the anatomy starts with these three building blocks.
What is ground tissue?
Ground tissue is made up of all cells that are not vascular or dermal (having to do with the epidermis; see below). There are three types of ground tissue: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchyma cells form the “filler” tissue in plants, and perform many functions like photosynthesis, storage of starch, fats, oils, proteins, and water, and repairing damaged tissue. Collenchyma tissue is made up of long cells with irregularly thick walls that provide structural support to the plant. Plants that grow in windy areas have thicker walls of collenchyma tissue. Sclerenchyma is also supporting tissue, but it is made of dead cells. There are two types of sclerenchyma: fibers and sclereids. Fibers are long, slender cells, while sclereids are star-shaped with thick cell walls. Sclerenchyma fibers make up fabrics such as hemp and flax.
What is the difference between sclerenchyma and fibers?
There are two types of sclerenchyma: fibers and sclereids. Fibers are long, slender cells, while sclereids are star-shaped with thick cell walls.
What are the two types of vascular tissue?
The two types of vascular tissue are xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and some soluble nutrients, while phloem transports organic compounds the plant uses as food, particularly sucrose. Vascular tissues are long and thin, and form cylinders that nutrients are transported through like pipes.
How many people have connective tissue disorders?
About 1 in 10 people are have a disorder involving connective tissue. Some connective tissue disorders include sarcomas, Marfan syndrome, lupus, and scurvy, which is a Vitamin C deficiency that leads to fragile connective tissue.
What type of tissue allows muscles to contract?
Muscle tissue comprises all the muscles in the body, and the specialized nature of the tissue is what allows muscles to contract. There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle anchors tendons to bones and allows the body to move. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart ...
What is tissue in biology?
Tissue Definition. Tissues are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function. The word tissue comes from a form of an old French verb meaning “to weave”. There are four different types of tissues in animals: connective, muscle, nervous, and epithelial. In plants, tissues are divided ...
Where is connective tissue found?
It is found in between all the other tissues and organs in the body. Connective tissue is made up of cells and ground substance, which is a gel that surrounds cells. Most connective tissue, except for lymph and blood, also contains fibers, which are long, narrow proteins. Fibers can be collagenous, which bind bones to tissues; elastic, ...
How Do Tissues Form Organs?
Organs are structures made up of two or more tissues organized to carry out a particular function and groups of organs with related functions make up the different organ systems. … At each level of organization—cells tissues organs and organ systems—structure is closely related to function.
What type of tissue makes up organs?
Connective tissue holds the body together. It is found in most organs anchoring them to the skeleton and other organs. Types of connective tissue include fibrous tissue fatty tissue loose tissue and cartilage. Connective tissue also includes bone blood and lymph.
How are tissues and organs similar?
Tissues are groups of similar cells that have a common function. An organ is a structure that is composed of at least two or more tissue types and performs a specific set of functions for the body. Many organs working together to accomplish a common purpose is called an organ system.
What is the relationship between tissues and organs?
A group of cells working together is defined as a tissue and several tissues working together comprise an organ. The heart is used as an example of an organ which is made up from muscle and valve tissue.
Do all tissues band together to form organs?
Key points. Humans—and other complex multicellular organisms—have systems of organs that work together carrying out processes that keep us alive. The body has levels of organization that build on each other. Cells make up tissues tissues make up organs and organs make up organ systems.
How is the body a system composed of groups of specialized cells interacting together?
In multicellular organisms the body is a system of multiple interacting subsystems. Subsystems are groups of cells that work together to form tissues. Organs are groups of tissues that work together to perform a particular body function. Tissues and organs are specialized for particular body functions.
How does different parts of a human being work together in unison?
The tissues are specialized for different functions so the cells of one type of tissue work together in unison. Organs perform specific functions in your body. For example your heart is made of all four types of tissue. All of the tissues in your heart work together to pump blood through your body.
Which primary lymphatic organs select all that applies?
Lymphatic organs include the tonsils, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. These organs are responsible for generating immune responses through the production of antibodies and antigen-specific T cells. Lymphatic vessels carry fluid and soluble proteins from these organs to the blood stream where they are distributed to other parts of the body.
What does the lymph system consist of?
The lymphatic system is a network of extremely small tubes (or vessels) that drain lymph fluid from the body's various locations. The bone marrow, spleen, thymus gland, lymph nodes, and tonsils contain the majority of the lymph tissue. Lymphatic tissue can be found in the heart, lungs, intestines, liver, and skin.
Tissue Definition
Types of Animal Tissues
- Connective
Connective tissue connects or separates groups of other tissues. It is found in between all the other tissues and organs in the body. Connective tissue is made up of cells and ground substance, which is a gel that surrounds cells. Most connective tissue, except for lymph and blo… - Muscle
Muscle tissue comprises all the muscles in the body, and the specialized nature of the tissue is what allows muscles to contract. There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle anchors tendons to bones and allows the body to …
Types of Plant Tissues
- Vascular
Vascular tissues in plants transport substances throughout the different parts of the plant. The two types of vascular tissue are xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and some soluble nutrients, while phloem transports organic compounds the plant uses as food, particularly sucro… - Ground
Ground tissue is made up of all cells that are not vascular or dermal (having to do with the epidermis; see below). There are three types of ground tissue: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchyma cells form the “filler” tissue in plants, and perform many functions lik…
Related Biology Terms
- Cell– the basic biological unit of living things; groups of them form tissues.
- Organ– a self-contained group of tissues that performs a specific function in the body.
- Sarcomere – a unit of striated muscle tissue that contains the filaments actin and myosin.
- Meristem – a region of undifferentiated plant tissuefound at the site of new plant growth at the tips of roots and offshoots of stems.
Quiz
- 1. Which is NOT a type of plant tissue? A. Ground B. Connective C. Epidermal D.Vascular 2. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the breakdown of what type of tissue? A. Connective B. Muscle C. Nervous D.Epithelial 3. What is a function of epithelial tissue? A. To cover the surface of organs and protect them B. To cover the parts of a plant and guard it against water loss C. To tr…