what type of architecture is in london

by Shanie Kessler Published 2 years ago Updated 2 years ago

London's architecture ranges from the Romanesque central keep of The Tower of London, the great Gothic church of Westminster Abbey, the Palladian royal residence Queen's House, Christopher Wren's Baroque masterpiece St Paul's Cathedral, the High Victorian Gothic of The Palace of Westminster, the industrial Art Deco of ...

What is the most famous building in London?

Probably the most famous piece of modern architecture in London, The Gherkin 3. 122 Leadenhall Building 122 Leadenhall Building is primarily an office building, standing 225 metres tall on Leadenhall Street in London, against the backdrop of the St.Paul’s Cathedral and The Gherkin. The Leadenhall building is famous for its wedge shape.

What are the oldest architectural styles in London?

Although not the first architectural style introduced to the capital, Baroque designs are some of the oldest that we can see in London today. Following the Great Fire of London in 1666, nearly all of London's buildings were destroyed and one of the most prominent figures responsible for rebuilding the city was Christopher Wren.

What are the best examples of Victorian architecture in London today?

Perhaps the best example of Victorian architecture you’ll see in London today is St Pancras Station; a marvel of engineering, it’s one of the best examples of Victorian Gothic in the world… so take a closer look next time you catch a train there. Victorians invented a method to make large panes of glass, called ‘sheet glass’.

What is the Regency style of Architecture in London?

They focused on building London’s great estates – such as the still privately-owned Grosvenor Estate and the Bedford Estate – and you’ll mainly find London’s Georgian buildings in central parts of the capital. Besides being a brief period, the Regency style left a significant mark on London’s face.

What type of architecture is in the UK?

Victorian architecture is often referred to as the definition of British architecture. That's probably because the period had multiple styles that were widely used. As the wealthy people travelled, they also brought back some influences on the designs and styles.

Is London known for its architecture?

London is a city world-renowned for its architecture; from old to new, traditional to contemporary, art deco to gothic, and many styles in between, there are hundreds of great buildings in the capital.

What is British architecture called?

Georgian architecture in Britain was the term used for all styles of architecture created during its reign by the House of Hanover. These included Palladian, neo-Gothic and Chinoiserie. Initially, Georgian architecture was a modifications of the Renaissance architecture of continental Europe.

What are the 7 types of architecture?

7 Types of Architectural PlansFloor Plans. Floor plans are essential to any interior design or architecture project. ... Site Plans. ... Reflective Ceiling Plan. ... Millwork Drawings. ... Exterior Elevations. ... Interior Elevations. ... Landscape Plans.

What is London known for?

London is famous for Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, British Museum, and Tower Bridge. London is also known for its rich history, double-decker buses, red phone booths, world-class museums and galleries, gigantic lush parks, financial districts, and cosmopolitan vibes.

What influenced London architecture?

A hundred years after it was first developed in Italy, classical style architecture appeared in London. Inspired by the work of Venetian Renaissance luminary Andrea Palladio, Inigo Jones championed classical influences through his designs of some of London's oldest architectural treasures.

What style are British Houses?

Homes were usually built with rich red brick, with windows and timber work painted white. Terracotta tiles and panels were also popular. The Queen Anne Style was common particularly in London, and can still be found in neighbourhoods like Chelsea, Bayswater and Kensington today.

How would you describe British architecture?

The style is recognisable by its curved lines, bold shapes and rich colours which are used to decorate buildings elaborately. Its popularity was short-lived (around fifty years). However, during this time, it led to some of Britain's most well-known homes, including Castle Howard and Blenheim Palace, being built.

Why is UK good for architecture?

UK architectural practices are pioneers in leading-edge, low-carbon and sustainable architectural design, both social and environmental, and are at the forefront of ecologically-friendly, energy-efficient buildings.

What is the highest paid architect?

Norman FosterNorman Foster is currently the highest-paid architect in the world....1.1 Ma Yansong ($10 Million)1.2 Sir David Adjaye ($10 Million)1.3 Maya Lin ($12 Million)1.4 Kongjian Yu ($15 Million)1.5 Bjarke Ingels ($17 Million)1.6 Renzo Piano ($20 Million)1.7 Frank Lloyd Wright ($25 Million)1.8 Zaha Hadid ($95 Million)More items...•

Which architecture is best?

The top 5 software architecture patterns: How to make the right...Layered (n-tier) architecture.Event-driven architecture.Microkernel architecture.Microservices architecture.Space-based architecture.

What skills do architects need?

You'll need:design skills and knowledge.knowledge of building and construction.to be thorough and pay attention to detail.thinking and reasoning skills.customer service skills.excellent verbal communication skills.analytical thinking skills.the ability to use your initiative.More items...

Who is the most famous architect in England?

Among British history's greatest architects, Sir Christopher Wren is most famous for St Paul's Cathedral.

Who designed the City of London?

the RomansThe city of London was founded by the Romans and their rule extended from 43 AD to the fifth century AD, when the Empire fell. During the third century, Londinium, the name given to the town by the Romans, had a population of 50,000, mainly due to the influence of its major port.

Who designed the London?

Following the Great Fire of London in 1666, nearly all of London's buildings were destroyed and one of the most prominent figures responsible for rebuilding the city was Christopher Wren. Wren was one of Britain's most influential architects, who designed many of the UK's most important 17th century buildings.

When were most London buildings built?

Baroque: 1600 – 1750 Most of the oldest structures that remain standing in London were built during the 16th century. The Great Fire of London in 1666 wept out most buildings in the City. And the architect tasked with rebuilding the Capital was Cristopher Wren, one of the UK's most influential 17th-century architects.

What is the best example of Victorian architecture?

What is the Georgian style of London?

The Georgian style many know London for was largely popular during the late 1780s up until the early 1820s, a time of great urban growth with the density of settlements in towns meaning that there was a need to pack a lot of houses into a small space – hence the Georgian terrace was born. It’s predominantly influenced by classic architectural styles of the Greek and Roman era, often drawing inspiration from the neoclassical painting and sculpture that was also popular during this time. Georgian architecture is particularly common in North and West parts of the city, where you’ll find flat fronted terraces of tall houses created with red or brown brick, with large, long windows and an archway surrounding the front door – sometimes featuring Corinthian order columns. These days, many residents choose to paint their front door a bright colour to draw attention to the detail of its surround, and to stand out in a row of otherwise identical homes.

What type of architecture was used in London during the Great Fire?

You’ll find Georgian architecture throughout the British Capital, when the city experienced mass expansion after the Great Fire. For the first time, homes were constructed for profit, and tall terraces containing multiple properties spread throughout the City. These great estates dominate many areas of Central London.

Where to see luxury towers in London?

Since the 70s, the trend of building upwards seems to have remained alive and well. Just head to Canary Wharf and the City of London, and you’ll see that looming luxurious towers dominate the skyline. Don’t forget to check out The Shard and The Gherkin during your trip.

Why were terraces built in London?

Terraces were built throughout London to accommodate the ever-increasing workforce and middle classes, though homes were typically larger than their Victorian counterparts. We recommend taking a walk around Dulwich and Hampstead Garden Suburb to see some of the best examples of residential Edwardian architecture.

Why did London need to be rebuilt?

Due to the destruction of WWII, a lot of residential buildings in London needed to be rebuilt quickly. This saw the introduction of high-rises in the Capital. And if we’re being honest, the ones constructed during the 50s and 60s aren’t the prettiest, but they’re certainly interesting (Trellick Tower might be the best example).

What was the most notable architectural style in the Victorian era?

The Victorian era saw a revival of elaborate architectural styles. You’ll find examples of Victorian architecture on just about every street. But some of the most notable attractions include St Pancras Station and the Houses of Parliament, both designed in the gothic style. Victorian grandeur doesn’t get much better.

When was the Baroque period in London?

Baroque: 1600 – 1750. Most of the oldest structures that remain standing in London were built during the 16 th century. The Great Fire of London in 1666 wept out most buildings in the City.

What are some of Sir Wren's most notable buildings?

Some of Sir Wren’s most notable buildings include Kensington Palace, Hampton Court and St Paul’s Cathedral. Take a look at this marvel, and you’ll understand why it’s regarded as one of the finest examples of baroque architecture in London. Instagram. opencitylondon. 27.5K followers.

Where to see Hamlet in London?

Southbank's iconic National Theatre is one of London's best places to see a play. The complex, which contains three different theaters, opened in 1963 with a production of "Hamlet," and has since established itself as a must-go destination for visitors.

Where is Lloyd's Building?

Lloyd's Building. Lloyd's Building, which houses insurance institution Lloyd's of London, is located in the City on Lime Street. Built in 1986 and Grade I listed, it's known as an example of Bowellism architecture, where the elevators and ducts can be found on the exterior rather than the interior.

What is the Barbican Centre?

The Barbican Centre hosts plays, live music, films, and art exhibitions throughout the year. The Barbican Conservatory, which is home to exotic fish and over 1,500 species of tropical plants and trees, is free to enter at specific opening dates and times, listed online.

How many floors are there in the Shard?

Today it features offices, as well as several restaurants and bars, the Shangri-La Hotel and a public viewing gallery. The viewing platform, which offers 360-degree views, can be found on floors 68, 69 and 72 , and is London's highest viewing gallery. Be sure to book a timed ticket in advance when visiting. Another good option for taking in the sights is afternoon tea or cocktails at Aqua Shard. Tea can be reserved in advance online, but the bar is walk-ins only.

Where is the Barbican?

Located in the City of London, the Barbican Centre and Estate is a massive Brutalist complex that contains a performing arts center, several restaurants, a conservatory, and numerous apartments. The Estate was built over several years in the 1960s and 1980s and is Grade II listed.

Where is the House of Parliament located?

Located in Westminster on the bank of the Thames, the current Houses of Parliament were designed by architect Sir Charles Barry after much of the former structure burned in the fire of 1834. Also known as the Palace of Westminster, the building now serves as the meeting place for the House of Commons and the House of Lords and is connected to the Elizabeth Tower, which houses Big Ben. Parliament is open Monday to Saturday for visitors to attend debates, committee hearings and events. Guided tours are available, with options for families with young kids, or you can opt for a self-guided tour with a multimedia guide. Tours are available on select dates, so check online in advance before visiting.

Is London under construction?

London is a city that's always under construction and its architecture varies dramatically between old and new. The dense City of London, the capital's financial center, is known for its giant glass skyscrapers while more traditional buildings can be found in the government headquarters of Westminster. Whether you're an architecture buff ...

What is the name of the famous skyscraper in London?

The Shard is another of London’s most famous skyscrapers. Renzo Piano, its designer, is said to have been inspired by London’s railway lines when building this 95-floor behemoth. Visit the viewing area at The Shard , The View from The Shard observatory, stay at the Shangri-La The Shard , London hotel, or visit one of The Shard’ s restaurants.

What is the most popular attraction in London?

The British Museum is London’s most popular attraction by visitor number. Full of exhibitions of artefacts from all over the world, it is housed by the magnificent Montagu House, Bloomsbury, and has been there for more than 250 years. It was designed in the Greek Revival style by famous British architect Sir Robert Smirke.

What is the Barbican Centre?

The Barbican Centre. Another of London’s brutalist structures , the Barbican Centre hosts regular film screenings, art exhibitions and other events. It is surrounded by the Barbican Housing Estate, making it tricky to navigate round its multiple entrances but giving it a unique architectural feel.

What is London known for?

What is the colour of the Tower Bridge?

In 1977, the colour scheme was changed to red, white and blue to celebrate the Queen’s Silver Jubilee.

Where is the largest brick building in Europe?

Located on the south bank of the River Thames in Battersea, south west London, this Grade-II listed coal-fired power station hasn’t been in use for more than 30 years but has recently cemented itself as one of London’s most popular landmarks. It is the largest brick building in Europe and is known for its lavish art deco fittings and interior.

Who designed the National Theatre?

The National Theatre building on the South Bank is one of London’s foremost brutalist structures. It was designed by architects Sir Denys Landun and Peter Softley and built in three stages, beginning in the 1970s. Its many interesting terraces and foyers surround four separate auditoria and have regularly been used for experimental outdoor theatre.

What architectural styles does London have?

Because London has survived numerous wars, fires and industrial revolutions, the city has a unique mixture of various architectural styles. From modernist to Art Deco, to Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian…when it comes to architectural designs, London has it all.

What is the most famous building in London?

The Shard is perhaps one of London’s most famous skyscrapers, but that’s not the only architecture attraction in London’s Southwark. Shakespeare’s Globe (also known as The National Theatre) is considered one of London’s most “brutalist” structures, and although the original building was destroyed by a fire in 1613, it was later rebuilt to reflect the construction of an 16th century Elizabethan playhouse. Places to visit in Southwark: The Shard, Shakespeare’s Globe, London City Hall, Queen St. Place

What are some examples of Art Deco architecture in London?

theatres, hotels, and apartment blocks. Two of London’s finest examples of Art Deco architecture stand on Fleet Street: the Daily Telegraph building (1928) and the Daily Express Building.

Why were houses built in London?

houses were built to make a profit and multiple properties were constructed in one go. They focused on building London’s great estates – such as the still privately-owned Grosvenor Estate and the Bedford Estate – and you’ll mainly find London’s Georgian buildings in central parts of the capital.

Why were Edwardian homes shorter than Victorian homes?

Edwardian homes tend to be shorter than equivalent Victorian residences, partly because the middle classes who lived in these homes had less of a need for servants, unlike the Georgian the Victorian generations before them.

What are some examples of Regency architecture?

Areas such as Belgravia and the roads surrounding Regent’s Park display examples of London’s grand Regency architecture.

What were the features of Georgian architecture?

Typically Georgian features like sash windows were retained, along with first-floor balconies, which became especially popular in the Regency period,

What happened after the London fire?

After the big fire of 1666, almost all of London burnt down and the new buildings that raised on top of the ashes were following the baroque design.

What is modernism based on?

Traditionally, Modernism is typified by an emphasis on the rugged use of concrete slabs, clean cubic shapes and lack of ornamentation.

What is the most iconic building in London?

30 St. Mary Axe is arguably the most iconic contemporary building in London. It’s architects, Foster & Partners designed it to be extremely energy efficient to the point that it only consumes half the power of a similar tower.

What is the name of the tower in London?

20 Fenchurch is a commercial skyscraper in the historic City of London. Nicknamed “The Walkie-Talkie” due to its distinctive shape, the tower is top-heavy to take advantage of more expensive floor space at the top of the building. A garden on its rooftop is arguably London’s highest park.

What is it like to walk through the streets of London?

To walk through the streets of London is to walk through the pages of time. Its magnificent churches, its celebrated theatres, its renowned galleries, and its towering structures have all been built on the foundations of the buildings that came before it. It’s what makes London a city for the ages and its most celebrated architecture so beloved.

Where is the City of London Information Centre?

Located next to the south transept of St. Paul’s Cathedral, The City of London Information Centre has a dynamic, angular form that picks up on the movement of visitor’s paths through the site. Clad in 220 stainless steel panels, the building is braced with a steel frame and structural ply. Visiting Information:

Where is the London Eye?

The London Eye is a cantilevered observation wheel on the South Bank of the River Thames. The design was conceived by the husband-and-wife team of David Marks and Julia Barfield of Marks Barfield Architects. The wheel is supported by tensioned steel cables and features 32 sealed capsules that hold 25 people each. One rotation takes 30 minutes.

Who designed the London Metropolitan University?

Designed by Daniel Libeskind, the 10,000 square foot graduate centre for the London Metropolitan University serves as a gateway to the institution along Holloway Road and is composed of three intersecting volumes embossed with stainless steel panels. Visiting Information: Architect: Daniel Libeskind. Built: 2004.

Who designed the London Aquatics Centre?

Designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Zaha Hadid, the London Aquatics Centre was designed for the 2012 Summer Olympics. Noted for its wave-like roof, the temporary seating has also been removed so that the centre could be more accessible to the public. Check their website for public swimming hours.

What is Lloyd's building?

6. Lloyd’s building. This office of Lloyd’s Of London was designed by Architect Richard Rogers and completed in 1986. Constructed using concrete, stainless steel and glass, this building is also referred to as ‘mechanical cathedral’.

Where did Lloyd's of London get its name?

The building takes its name from one Edward Lloyd who founded a coffee shop on this site in 1688, from where maritime insurance was conducted. Today Lloyd’s of London is an established insurance institution. The building is designed in a radical Bowelism style, which is heavily associated with Richard Rogers.

What is the Blavatnik building?

This building is a unique pyramid shaped tower is clad in a perforated lattice of 3,36,000 bricks. This unique facade allows light to filter in during the day and glow in the evening. It is an environmentally sustainable building with high thermal mass, natural ventilation, solar panels and new green spaces. Now renamed as the Blavatnik Building, it is a global icon for London. It has been awarded both, the RIBA national and RIBA London award 2017 for its excellent design.

How tall is the Leadenhall building?

122 Leadenhall Building is primarily an office building, standing 225 metres tall on Leadenhall Street in London, against the backdrop of the St.Paul’s Cathedral and The Gherkin. The Leadenhall building is famous for its wedge shape.

What are the two contemporary art galleries?

They are two contemporary art galleries, the Serpentine Gallery and the Serpentine Sacker Gallery linked by a bridge over the Serpentine Lake. Every year, a leading architect displays his or her design in a temporary summer pavilion near the Serpentine Gallery.

What is the London 2012 Velodrome?

London 2012 Velodrome was built for the indoor track cycling events at 2012 Olympic and Paralympic games . The building uses simple materials in an efficient manner to meet the client’s expectations in the given budget. It is designed by Hopkins Architects Partners LLP. The roof of the building is said to resemble a ‘Pringles’ chip, where the roof reaches its highest point at either end and sags in the middle. The form of the building is NOT mimicry of the bicycle in any way but a 3-dimensional response to the functional requirements of the space. The building runs on a system designed to keep the track at the ideal temperature for speed, 82.4 degrees. Below the track lies an underflow heating system. The Velodrome has been a recipient of many awards including the RIBA Stirling prize in 2011.

Is City Hall in London?

City Hall. Despite its name, City Hall is not in the city and doesn’t even serve a city as such. It is the headquarters of the Greater London Authorities which operates on a 25-year-old lease. This excellent piece of modern design by Architect Norman Foster was chosen amongst 57 entries.