What class of virus is HPV?
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small, non-enveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus that infects skin or mucosal cells. The circular, double-stranded viral genome is approximately 8-kb in length.
Is human papillomavirus HPV a virus or bacteria?
HPV, or human papillomavirus, is a common virus that can cause cancers later in life. You can protect your child from these cancers with HPV vaccine at age 11–12 years.
Why is HPV an STD?
HPV is easily spread from sexual skin-to-skin contact with someone who has it. You get it when your vulva, vagina, cervix, penis, or anus touches someone else's genitals or mouth and throat — usually during sex. HPV can be spread even if no one cums, and even if a penis doesn't go inside the vagina/anus/mouth.
What is the root cause of HPV?
HPV causes The virus that causes HPV infection is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact. Most people get a genital HPV infection through direct sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Because HPV is a skin-to-skin infection, intercourse isn't required for transmission to occur.
How do you get HPV out of your system?
There's no cure for HPV. But most cases of it will go away on their own. If you contract HPV you should still make an appointment with a doctor. They'll be able to treat your symptoms and ask you to come in for repeat testing in a year to see if the HPV infection persists.
How long is HPV contagious?
Is HPV Contagious Forever? Most cases of HPV clear up on their own after one to two years, and you'll no longer be contagious once it leaves your system. However, the virus can remain dormant for years, and some people experience infections that stick around for much longer.
What are signs of HPV in females?
HPV can infect cells in the vagina and around the vulva. If a female has low risk HPV, they may see warts on the vulva. These warts may present as: a cluster that looks like a cauliflower....Some symptoms of vaginal cancer include :bleeding after sex.unusual discharge.a lump in the vagina.pain while having sex.
Is HPV permanent?
Most HPV infections go away on their own and don't cause any health problems. However, if HPV does not go away, it can cause health problems like genital warts. It also can cause certain kinds of cancer.
What can HPV do to a woman?
But when HPV does not go away, it can cause health problems including: Cervical cancer. Other genital cancers (such as cancers of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus) Oropharyngeal cancer (cancer of the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils)
What symptoms does HPV cause?
Most people with HPV — no matter what their gender is — don't have any symptoms. Sometimes HPV can cause warts on your penis or vulva and around your anus. Genital warts can cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other people.
What are symptoms of high-risk HPV?
Infection with high-risk HPV does not usually cause symptoms. The precancerous cell changes caused by a persistent HPV infection at the cervix rarely cause symptoms, which is why regular cervical cancer screening is important. Precancerous lesions at other sites in the body may cause symptoms like itching or bleeding.
Can HPV make you tired?
Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has contributed to an increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Fatigue is a major side effect of SCCHN and its treatment.
Is HPV a lifelong virus?
In most cases (9 out of 10), HPV goes away on its own within two years without health problems. But when HPV does not go away, it can cause health problems like genital warts and cancer.
What are the 3 types of HPV?
High-risk HPV strains include HPV 16 and 18, which cause about 70% of cervical cancers. Other high-risk human papillomaviruses include 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, and a few others. Low-risk HPV strains, such as HPV 6 and 11, cause about 90% of genital warts, which rarely develop into cancer. These growths can look like bumps.
Can you get HPV from drinking after someone?
HPV is passed through skin-to-skin contact, not through bodily fluids. Sharing drinks, utensils, and other items with saliva is very unlikely to transmit the virus.
What symptoms does HPV cause?
Most people with HPV — no matter what their gender is — don't have any symptoms. Sometimes HPV can cause warts on your penis or vulva and around your anus. Genital warts can cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other people.
Does HPV Cause Health Problems?
In most cases, HPV goes away on its own and does not cause any health problems. But when HPV does not go away, it can cause health problems like ge...
How Can I Avoid HPV and The Health Problems It Can Cause?
You can do several things to lower your chances of getting HPV.Get vaccinated. The HPV vaccine is safe and effective. It can protect against diseas...
Who Should Get Vaccinated?
All boys and girls ages 11 or 12 years should get vaccinated.Catch-up vaccines are recommended for boys and men through age 21 and for girls and wo...
How Do I Know If I Have HPV?
There is no test to find out a person’s “HPV status.” Also, there is no approved HPV test to find HPV in the mouth or throat.There are HPV tests th...
How Common Is HPV and The Health Problems Caused by HPV?
HPV (the virus): About 79 million Americans are currently infected with HPV. About 14 million people become newly infected each year. HPV is so com...
I’M pregnant. Will Having HPV Affect My pregnancy?
If you are pregnant and have HPV, you can get genital warts or develop abnormal cell changes on your cervix. Abnormal cell changes can be found wit...
Can I Be Treated For HPV Or Health Problems Caused by HPV?
There is no treatment for the virus itself. However, there are treatments for the health problems that HPV can cause: 1. Genital warts can be treat...
Where Can I Get More Information?
STD information(https://www.cdc.gov/STD)HPV Information(https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/index.html)HPV Vaccination(https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/hpv...
What Is Human Papillpoma Virus (HPV)?
HPV stands for human papilloma virus. It is a very common virus. There are about 100 types of HPV that affect different parts of the body. About 30...
How Is HPV Related to Cervical Cancer?
Certain strains of HPV can cause changes in the cells of the cervix, a condition called cervical dysplasia. If it is not treated, dysplasia can adv...
How Do You Get Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)?
Genital HPV is spread through contact with (touching) the skin of someone who has an HPV infection. Contact includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. S...
What Are The Symptoms of HPV?
In many cases, HPV causes no symptoms. When they do occur, the most common symptom is warts in the genital area. Signs of infection can appear week...
Overview
- The human papillomavirus (HPV) test detects the presence of the human papillomavirus, a virus that can lead to the development of genital warts, abnormal cervical cells or cervical cancer.Your doctor might recommend the HPV test if: 1. Your Pap test was abnormal, showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 2. You're age 30 or olderThe HPV test is …
Types
- There are more than 200 types of human papillomavirus (HPV). About 40 kinds can infect your genital area your vulva, vagina, cervix, rectum, anus, penis, and scrotum as well as your mouth and throat. These kinds of HPV are spread during sexual contact. (Other types of HPV cause common warts like hand warts and plantar warts on the feet but these arent sexually transmitted.)
Treatment
- Treatment is directed to the macroscopic (e.g., genital warts) or pathologic precancerous lesions caused by HPV. Subclinical genital HPV infection typically clears spontaneously; therefore, specific antiviral therapy is not recommended to eradicate HPV infection. Precancerous lesions are detected through cervical cancer screening (see Cervical Cancer, Screening Recommendatio…
- Over-the-counter ointments, lotions and plasters are available to treat common skin warts. Do not use them for warts on the face, genitals or anus. They should not be used by people with diabetes, poor circulation or infected warts. Over-the-counter remedies use strong chemicals to slowly destroy the wart over a period of weeks or months. For faster and more lasting treatment, your d…
- Theres no cure for HPV. But theres a lot you can do to keep HPV from having a negative impact on your health. There are vaccines that can help protect you from ever getting certain types of HPV. Genital warts can be removed by your nurse or doctor. High-risk HPV can usually be easily treated before it turns into cancer, which is why regular Pap/HPV tests are so important. While c…
- Several therapies exist for the treatment of genital warts, but none have proven to be extremely effective or to decrease transmission of the disease. Most are designed to eradicate superficial lesions, not to cure the infection itself. This leads to a relatively high relapse rate and the necessity for alternative therapy. Choice of treatment can be dependent on many factors, includi…
Diagnosis
- HPV tests are available to detect oncogenic types of HPV infection and are used in the context of cervical cancer screening and management or follow-up of abnormal cervical cytology or histology (see Cervical Cancer, Screening Recommendations). These tests should not be used for male partners of women with HPV or women aged <25 years, for diagnosis of genital warts, or a…
- Your doctor usually can diagnose warts by examining the area. By looking at the area, your doctor also can determine what treatment may be necessary. In general warts don't need to be biopsied. However, if your doctor is concerned that the changes could be cancerous, a skin biopsy may be needed. In a biopsy, a small piece of tissue is removed and examined under a microscope. Peop…
- Your doctor will make a diagnosis of skin or genital warts based on a physical exam. Sometimes, your doctor may perform a biopsy (removal of a small tissue sample) to properly diagnose genital warts and eliminate other skin conditions that may be causing the symptoms.To diagnose and test for precancerous lesions in women, your doctor will perform a Pap smear. This test can det…
Causes
- HPV is easily spread from sexual skin-to-skin contact with someone who has it. You get it when your vulva, vagina, cervix, penis, or anus touches someone elses genitals or mouth and throat usually during sex. HPV can be spread even if no one cums, and even if a penis doesnt go inside the vagina/anus/mouth.
- HPV enters the body, usually through a break in the skin, and then infects the cells in the layers of the skin. The virus then replicates or multiplies in the body. The time between first contracting HPV and the appearance of lesions can be weeks to months or even years. Many people don't even know they are infected with HPV.HPV is usually transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. HPV in…
Prevention
- There are several HPV vaccines licensed in the United States: a bivalent vaccine (Cervarix) that prevents infection with HPV types 16 and 18, a quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil) that prevents infection with HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, and a 9-valent vaccine that prevents infection with HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. The bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines offer prote…
- There are two FDA approved vaccines against human papillomavirus, Gardasil and Cervarix. Both vaccines are approved for females to help prevent cervical cancer. The general recommendation is to vaccinate 11 and 12 year old girls with either vaccine. Girls as young as 9 years old may receive the vaccine. A complete series consists of three shots over 6 months. The same vaccin…
- A positive test for HPV mostly indicates that you should be conscientious about regular Pap smears. These screen for cervical dysplasia and early signs of cervical cancer. Keeping up to date on the screening is important because your risk is higher than women who have not been infected with HPV. However, only a small fraction of even women with persistent HPV will ever develop c…
- An HPV test is a way to prevent cervical cancer in women 30 and older. During this test, a member of the health care team takes a sample of cells from the woman’s cervix. This sample is tested for the types of HPV most commonly linked to cervical cancer. HPV testing may be done by itself or combined with a Pap test. This test involves gathering a sample of cells from the cervix to look f…
Symptoms
- It is possible to have an HPV skin or genital infection without having symptoms. When an HPV infection does cause a wart, the appearance varies slightly depending on its location: 1. Common skin warts — These most often affect the hands, face, skin or scalp, and are especially common on sites of previous skin injury. They are small (about 6 millimeters or one-fourth of an inch), fir…
- Most HPV infections go unnoticed because they don't cause any symptoms. The virus may have been contracted years ago and it can remain in the body for weeks, years, or even a lifetime without showing any symptoms of an infection.For those who experience symptoms, the type of symptoms depends on the type of HPV infection. 1. Common warts are painless, firm growths w…
Results
- Results from your HPV test will come back as either positive or negative. 1. Positive HPV test. A positive test result means that you have a type of high-risk HPV that's linked to cervical cancer. It doesn't mean that you have cervical cancer now, but it's a warning sign that cervical cancer could develop in the future. Your doctor will probably recommend a follow-up test in a year to see if th…
- If you're positive for HPV, it does indicate a need for follow-up. That's particularly true if that positive HPV test occurs in combination with an abnormal Pap smear. However, it does not indicate a need for panic. It may not even mean that you need a Pap smear more often than once a year. Your overall risk of getting cervical or other HPV cancers is higher than someone withou…
- Table 1 represents the basic demographic and behavioral variables of the study population. The age of the study population was normally distributed within the eligible age range of 35–60 years, with a mean age (±SD) of 46.6 ± 6.7 years. The population was 74.3% white and 19.0% black, and the remaining women were Asian or another race. The majority of women in the population had …
Epidemiology
- Genital HPV infections are very, very common. In fact, most people who have sex get the HPV at some point in their lives. Most people with HPV have no symptoms and feel totally fine, so they usually dont even know theyre infected.
- HPV infection is responsible for most, if not all, cervical cancer cases. It's also responsible for genital warts and other forms of cancer in both women and men. However, most women who are infected with HPV will never develop cervical cancer. In fact, more than 70 percent of women who receive a positive test for HPV will clear the infection and test negative again within two years. O…
- Non-Hispanic Asian adults had the lowest prevalence of any and high-risk genital HPV infection among the total population, as well as among men and women, whereas non-Hispanic black adults had the highest prevalence of any and high-risk genital HPV infection among both the total population and among men and women. Men had more genital and high-risk genital HPV infecti…
Prognosis
- The outlook varies. Many common warts disappear without treatment over 6 to 12 months. Others dissolve when an over-the-counter remedy is used for several weeks or months. Of the office-based therapies, surgical removal of a wart gives the best immediate results, because the wart is cut away in one doctor's visit. Other forms of therapy require several office visits. After a …
- Most genital HPV infections arent harmful at all and go away on their own. But some kinds of HPV can lead to genital warts or certain types of cancer.