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Teratogens include:
- Some medicines
- Street drugs
- Alcohol
- Tobacco
- Toxic chemicals
- Some viruses and bacteria
- Certain health conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes
What are the different types of teratogens?
Mar 08, 2020 · Types of Teratogens Perhaps the two most important teratogens today are alcohol and smoking. They are among the leading preventable causes of birth defects and developmental disabilities. Infectious Agents: Rubella, cytomegalovirus, varicella, …
What is a teratogenic agent?
Teratogenic agents include infectious agents (rubella, cytomegalovirus, varicella, herpes simplex, toxoplasma, syphilis, etc.); physical agents (ionizing agents, hyperthermia); maternal health factors (diabetes, maternal PKU); environmental chemicals (organic mercury compounds, polychlorinated biphenyl or PCB, herbicides and industrial solvents); and drugs (prescription, …
What are some other infections that are teratogenic?
What are nonteratogenic agents? Spermicides. These are chemicals that kill sperm to prevent pregnancy. These chemicals are found in products for birth control, such as gels, ... Acetaminophen. This is a common ingredient in some pain medicines. There has been no link between birth defects and ...
What is a teratogen and why is it dangerous?
Teratogens include: Some medicines. Street drugs. Alcohol. Tobacco. Toxic chemicals. Some viruses and bacteria. Certain health conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes . How to say it. ter-AT-uh-jehn. The riskiest times of pregnancy . Experts believe that teratogens can begin affecting a baby growing in the womb about 10 to14 days after conception.
What are the 4 types of teratogens?
What are 3 examples of teratogens?
What is a infectious teratogen?
What are the physical agents of teratogens?
Radiation exposure and heat are both considered physical teratogens. Hyperthermia (abnormally high body temperature) can be teratogenic during pregnancy. Hyperthermia can be caused by things like exercise, hot tubs, and saunas.Apr 23, 2021
What chemicals are teratogens?
Which of the following are examples of teratogens quizlet?
What disease is most teratogenic?
Which of the following is considered to be a teratogenic drug?
What are behavioral teratogens?
What is a teratogen psychology quizlet?
What is teratogen in pregnancy?
Table of Contents. Types. Exposure and Prevalence. Prevention. A teratogen is a substance that may lead to birth defects in an embryo or fetus. During pregnancy, exposure to certain chemicals, infections, and drugs may increase the risk that a person will miscarry or that the embryo or fetus could have a developmental abnormality.
How do teratogens affect pregnancy?
The impact of teratogens on pregnancy or a fetus depends on several factors. The timing and length of exposure, the stage of pregnancy when the exposure happened, whether a parent’s genes make them more susceptible, and the type of agent they were exposed to all contribute to the risk.
When to avoid teratogens during pregnancy?
It is important to avoid teratogens throughout your pregnancy, but the highest risk to a fetus is in the first trimester.
What is Listeria bacterial infection?
Listeria: A bacterial infection from eating contaminated food 3
What is the name of the bacterial infection that causes syphilis?
Others: Like Treponema pallidum, a bacterial infection that causes syphilis. Rubella: A viral infection that is also known as German measles. Cytomegalovirus (CMV): A common viral infection. Herpes simplex virus: A virus that presents as sores on or in the mouth (HSV1), or sores in or around the genitals (HSV2) 3.
What are some examples of non-ionizing radiation?
Examples of non-ionizing radiation are microwaves, ultrasound, radio frequencies, computers, cell phones, and power lines. Studies have not found that these pose a significant risk during pregnancy. 4. Ionizing radiation includes things like X-rays, gamma rays, and sunlight. These can be harmful.
What is a teratogen?
A teratogen is any agent that disrupts a baby's development when a person is exposed to it during pregnancy. Known teratogens include alcohol, smoking, toxic chemicals, radiation, viruses, some maternal health conditions, and certain prescription drugs. Some teratogens are more concerning than others.
When do teratogens cause the most damage?
Teratogens can cause harm from conception to delivery but often cause the most damage in the first 8 weeks of pregnancy.
How long does it take for a teratogen to harm a fetus?
Amount: The amount of harm to a fetus increases the more the pregnant person consumes or is exposed to a teratogen. Duration of exposure: The longer a fetus is exposed to a teratogen, the more dangerous the effects. Time of exposure: Teratogens are most harmful early in pregnancy, starting about 10 to 14 days after conception to about 8 weeks ...
How to get pregnant with teratogens?
Because teratogens cause harm starting around conception, it's a good idea to take these steps while trying to get pregnant or first learning you are pregnant: 15. Avoid alcohol. There is no known safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy. 3. Avoid or quit cigarettes.
What are the most dangerous infections?
A pregnant person's exposure to some viruses, bacteria, and parasites can pose harm to the baby. Some of the more dangerous infections are grouped under the acronym TORCH: 8 1 To xoplasma (often passed through cat feces) 2 R ubella (German measles) 3 C ytomegalovirus 4 H erpes simplex virus
Is teratogen harmful?
Some teratogens are more concerning than others. How harmful a teratogen is depends on several factors, including: 1. Type: Some teratogens, including alcohol and smoking, have a more harmful impact on a developing fetus than others. 2 3. Amount: The amount of harm to a fetus increases the more the pregnant person consumes or is exposed ...
Can teratogens cause miscarriage?
For instance, the risk of miscarriage is higher when you smoke or drink alcohol or are exposed to radiation and certain toxic chemicals. 4 These and other teratogens are also linked to premature birth . Additionally, 4% to 5% of birth defects are caused by teratogens.
What is a teratogen?
A teratogen is a substance that can cause abnormalities or birth defects in a developing fetus. Common teratogens include some medications, recreational drugs, tobacco products, chemicals, alcohol, certain infections, and in some cases, uncontrolled health problems in the birthing parent.
What happens if you are exposed to teratogens?
Specifically, if exposure to a teratogen occurs during the first 3.5 to 4.5 weeks of gestation, a neural tube defect, such as spina bifida or anencephaly, may result. Various agents have been determined to not cause birth defects and are known as non-teratogenic agents.
How long does it take for a teratogen to develop?
Teratogens can begin affecting the developing embryo as early as 10 to 14 days after conception . During embryonic development, there are periods when the developing organ systems show more sensitivity to teratogens.
Is caffeine a teratogen?
Caffeine is not considered to be a teratogen. It is, however, a stimulant and diuretic, which can cause an increase in an individual’s blood pressure and heart rate. If consumed during pregnancy, caffeine can cross the placenta and can have similar effects on the developing fetus’s blood pressure and heart rate.
Can chickenpox cause teratogenic effects?
Chickenpox can have teratogenic effects on a fetus . If a pregnant person develops chickenpox in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, there is a slight risk of a rare, but serious, birth defect known as congenital varicella syndrome. A fetus with congenital varicella syndrome is at risk of developing skin scars, abnormalities of the eyes, legs, arms, and brain, as well as gastrointestinal problems. If a pregnant person develops chickenpox around the time of delivery, the newborn may be at risk of a life-threatening condition called neonatal varicella, which can result in severe or fatal illness of the newborn within a few days of delivery.
Where can teratogens be found?
Teratogens can also be found at home or the workplace. The effect is related to type of agent, dose and duration and time of exposure. The first half of pregnancy is the most vulnerable.
What is a teratogen in Appendix D?
Appendix D Teratogens/Prenatal Substance Abuse. A teratogen is any agent that causes an abnormality following fetal exposure during pregnancy. Teratogens are usually discovered after an increased prevalence of a particular birth defect. For example, in the early 1960’s, a drug known as thalidomide was used to treat morning sickness.
What are the most common drugs used in pregnancy?
In addition, almost three percent of pregnant women use illicit drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, Ecstasy and other amphetamines, and heroin.
What are teratogens?
A teratogen is something that can cause or raise the risk for a birth defect in a baby. They are things that a mother may be exposed to during her pregnancy. Teratogens include: 1 Some medicines 2 Street drugs 3 Alcohol 4 Tobacco 5 Toxic chemicals 6 Some viruses and bacteria 7 Certain health conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes
How long does it take for a teratogen to grow?
Experts believe that teratogens can begin affecting a baby growing in the womb about 10 to14 days after conception. Conception is when a woman’s egg is fertilized by a man’s sperm. After conception, it takes about 6 to 9 days for the egg to implant in the uterus.
Is microwave oven teratogenic?
Microwave ovens. Microwave ovens use nonionizing radiation. This type of radiation is not teratogenic. Microwaving food while pregnant is not known to increase the risk for birth defects or health problems.
What is a teratogen?
A teratogen is any agent that can induce or increased incidence of a congenital malformation. Recognition of human teratogens offers the opportunity to prevent exposure at critical periods of development and prevent certain types of congenital malformations. In general, drugs, food additives, and pesticides are tested to determine their teratogenicity to minimize exposure of pregnant women to teratogenic agents. To prove that a specific agents is teratogenic means to prove that the frequency of congenital malformations in women exposed to the agent prospectively is greater than the background frequency in the general population. These data are often times not available in humans to determine in an unbiased fashion. Therefore, testing is often done in animal models and often times administered at higher than the usual therapeutic doses. There are clearly species differences between teratogenic effects limiting this testing in animals. Based upon either anecdotal information on exposures in humans or on the basis of testing in animals, drugs are classified as to their teratogenic potential. It should be emphasized that less than 2% of congenital malformations are caused by drugs or chemicals. There are small numbers of drugs that have been positively implicated as teratogenic agents that should be avoided either during or prior to conception. However, because of the unknown, subtle effects of many agents, women preparing to conceive or already pregnant refrain from taking any medications that are not absolutely necessary. Women are especially urged to avoid using all medications during the first 8 weeks after conception unless there is a strong medical reason. Effects of teratogens during this period of developmental often times results in an “all or none effect.” That is, the effect of the teratogen, if it is to have any effect, will be so profound as to cause a spontaneous abortion.
What percentage of congenital malformations are caused by teratogenic agents?
Teratogenic agents cause approximately 7% of congenital malformations. A
What is the study of abnormal development in embryos and the causes of congenital malformations?
Teratology is the study of abnormal development in embryos and the causes of congenital malformations or birth defects. These anatomical or structural abnormalities are present at birth although they may not be diagnosed until later in life. They may be visible on the surface of the body or internal to the viscera. Congenital malformations account for approximately 20% of deaths in the perinatal period. Approximately 3% of newborn infants will have major malformations and another 3% will have malformations detected later in life. There are a variety of causes of congenital malformations including: 1) genetic factors (chromosomal abnormalities as well as single gene defects); 2) environmental factors (drugs, toxins, infectious etiologies, mechanical forces); and 3) multifactorial etiologies including a combination of environmental and genetic factors. The graph below divides these etiologies by percentages.
Which type of inheritance is most common in congenital malformations?
Most common congenital malformations have familial distributions consistent with multifactorial inheritance. Multifactorial inheritance may be presented by a model
What is a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels?
Hemangioma:benig n tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels
Is retinoic acid a teratogen?
Retinoic acid or vitamin A derivatives are extremely teratogenic in humans. Even at very low doses, oral medications such as isotretinoin, used in the treatment of acne, are potent teratogens. The critical period of exposure appears to be from the second to the fifth week of gestation. The most common malformations include craniofacial dysmorphisms, cleft palate, thymic aplasia, and neural tube defects.
What Is A teratogen?
- The impact of teratogens on pregnancy or a fetus depends on several factors. The timing and length of exposure, the stage of pregnancy when the exposure happened, whether a parent’s genes make them more susceptible, and the type of agent they were exposed to all contribute to the risk. Teratogens generally fall under the following categories:
Why They Are Important
Types of Teratogens
How to Avoid Teratogens
Regulation of Teratogens
A Word from Verywell
- All parents should know what teratogens are and how to avoid them since they can cause harm throughout pregnancy, starting around the time of conception. For instance, the risk of miscarriage is higher when you smoke or drink alcohol or are exposed to radiation and certain toxic chemicals.4 These and other teratogens are also linked to premature birth. Additionally, 4…
What Is A teratogen?
- Teratogens can lurk in your house, garden, medicine cabinet, and even inside your body. Knowing what these dangerous agents are is the first step to protecting yourself and your baby.
Is Alcohol A teratogen?
- Some teratogens, like certain genetic conditions, are tough to avoid. But there are many things you can do to steer clear of some of the most dangerous teratogens. Because teratogens cause harm starting around conception, it's a good idea to take these steps while trying to get pregnant or first learning you are pregnant:15 1. Avoid alcohol. There is no known safe amount of alcohol …
Is Chickenpox A teratogen?
- The government has enacted legislation to raise awareness of and reduce the risks of certain teratogens. For example, thalidomide was a medication commonly given to pregnant people in the 1950s to treat morning sickness. It was later found to cause malformations in babies' limbs, organs, and other body parts. Banned in 1961, thalidomide was one of the first teratogens to be …
Is BPA A teratogen?
- There is no way to shield your unborn child from every potential developmental concern. But knowing about and doing your best to avoid the most dangerous teratogens, like alcohol and smoking, is an important step to give your baby the best possible chance of growing healthy and strong. Scientists are hard at work to identify new causes of pregnancy complications, birth defe…
Is Caffeine A teratogen?
What Are The Most Important Facts to Know About Teratogens?
- Alcohol is a teratogen that can affect the central nervous system of the developing fetus. The central nervous system is sensitive to teratogensfor the entire duration of pregnancy, and if alcohol is consumed at any point, there can be severe health problems or birth defects in the baby. It is recommended to avoid consumption of alcohol for the duration of a pregnancy.