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What did Pasteur invent?
Louis Pasteur is best known for inventing the process that bears his name, pasteurization. Pasteurization kills microbes and prevents spoilage in beer, milk, and other goods. In his work with silkworms, Pasteur developed practices that are still used today for preventing disease in silkworm eggs.
What virus did Louis Pasteur discover?
Rabies and its invisible virus In 1880, Louis Pasteur's experimental method was in full swing. He decided to apply it to the study of a human disease. He chose rabies because it affected not only humans, but also animals on which he could experiment.
Did Louis Pasteur invent smallpox vaccine?
It is often said that English surgeon Edward Jenner discovered vaccination and that Pasteur invented vaccines. Indeed, almost 90 years after Jenner initiated immunization against smallpox, Pasteur developed another vaccine—the first vaccine against rabies.
Who invented Covid 19 vaccine?
Bharat Biotech has successfully developed COVAXIN™, India's 1st vaccine candidate for COVID-19, in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Institute of Virology (NIV). The SARS-CoV-2 strain was isolated in NIV, Pune and transferred to Bharat Biotech.
Who invented polio vaccine?
The discovery that the various antigenic strains of PVs could be grouped into three distinct viral types and the propagation of the PV in vitro led to the development of the vaccines against poliomyelitis: the formalin-inactivated vaccine (IPV) by Jonas Salk (1953) and the live-attenuated vaccines (OPV) by Albert Sabin ...
Who invented anthrax vaccine?
Louis PasteurAnthrax vaccines / InventorLouis Pasteur ForMemRS was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization. Wikipedia
Who created rabies vaccine?
Louis PasteurRabies vaccine / InventorLouis Pasteur developed the earliest effective vaccine against rabies that was first used to treat a human bite victim on 6 July 1885 [13].
Who created the first vaccine?
The smallpox vaccine, introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed.
Who discovered vaccine?
Edward Jenner is considered the founder of vaccinology in the West in 1796, after he inoculated a 13 year-old-boy with vaccinia virus (cowpox), and demonstrated immunity to smallpox. In 1798, the first smallpox vaccine was developed.
Who discovered rabies vaccine?
Louis PasteurRabies vaccine / InventorLouis Pasteur developed the earliest effective vaccine against rabies that was first used to treat a human bite victim on 6 July 1885 [13].
Who discovered vaccine for smallpox?
The basis for vaccination began in 1796 when the English doctor Edward Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had gotten cowpox were protected from smallpox. Jenner also knew about variolation and guessed that exposure to cowpox could be used to protect against smallpox.
What was Pasteur's first scientific discovery?
Pasteur's first vaccine discovery was in 1879, with a disease called chicken cholera. After accidentally exposing chickens to the attenuated form of a culture, he demonstrated that they became resistant to the actual virus.
Overview
Research
In Pasteur's early work as a chemist, beginning at the École Normale Supérieure, and continuing at Strasbourg and Lille, he examined the chemical, optical and crystallographic properties of a group of compounds known as tartrates.
He resolved a problem concerning the nature of tartaric acid in 1848. A solutio…
Education and early life
Louis Pasteur was born on 27 December 1822, in Dole, Jura, France, to a Catholic family of a poor tanner. He was the third child of Jean-Joseph Pasteur and Jeanne-Etiennette Roqui. The family moved to Marnoz in 1826 and then to Arbois in 1827. Pasteur entered primary school in 1831.
He was an average student in his early years, and not particularly academic, a…
Career
Pasteur was appointed professor of chemistry at the University of Strasbourg in 1848, and became the chair of chemistry in 1852.
In February 1854, to have time to carry out work that could earn him the title of correspondent of the Institute, he gets three months' paid leave with the help of a medical certificate of convenience. He extends the leave until 1 August, the …
Controversies
A French national hero at age 55, in 1878 Pasteur discreetly told his family never to reveal his laboratory notebooks to anyone. His family obeyed, and all his documents were held and inherited in secrecy. Finally, in 1964 Pasteur's grandson and last surviving male descendant, Pasteur Vallery-Radot, donated the papers to the French national library. Yet the papers were restricted for historical studies until the death of Vallery-Radot in 1971. The documents were given a catalogu…
Awards and honours
Pasteur was awarded 1,500 francs in 1853 by the Pharmaceutical Society for the synthesis of racemic acid. In 1856 the Royal Society of London presented him the Rumford Medal for his discovery of the nature of racemic acid and its relations to polarized light, and the Copley Medal in 1874 for his work on fermentation. He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1869.
Personal life
Pasteur married Marie Pasteur (née Laurent) in 1849. She was the daughter of the rector of the University of Strasbourg, and was Pasteur's scientific assistant. They had five children together, three of whom died as children. Their eldest daughter, Jeanne, was born in 1850. She died from typhoid fever, aged 9, whilst at the boarding school Arbois in 1859. In 1865, 2-year-old Camille died of a liver tumour. Shortly after they decided to bring Cécile home from boarding school, but she t…
See also
• Infection control
• Infectious disease
• Pasteur Institute
• Pasteurization
• The Story of Louis Pasteur (a 1936 biographical film)