Voyages
- 1607 - Hudson sailed the Hopewell for England northeast in an attempt to reach Japan and China. ...
- 1608 - Hudson again attempted to find a Northeast Passage to Asia for England. ...
- 1609 - Hudson’s most famous voyage where he sailed for the Dutch East India Company. ...
- 1610 - Hudson sailed the Dutch ship Discovery to search again for the Northwest Passage to Asia. ...
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What was Henry Hudson's main journey?
Henry Hudson made his first voyage west from England in 1607, when he was hired to find a shorter route to Asia from Europe through the Arctic Ocean.
Where did Henry Hudson go on his famous voyage?
Henry Hudson did not succeed in reaching Asia; however, he did explore the North Atlantic Ocean, Greenland, Iceland, parts of North America, and he famously sailed up the Hudson River as far as current-day Albany, New York.
What is Henry Hudson most famous for?
Henry Hudson was an English navigator and explorer who set out to find either a northeast passage “by the North Pole to Japan and China” or a similar northwest passage. Though neither passage was found, his attempts contributed significantly to the navigational geography of North America.
What happened on Henry Hudson's first voyage?
First Expedition At Spitsbergen he discovered a bay full of whales. They also saw plenty of seals and walruses. They kept going north until they ran into ice. Hudson searched for over two months to find a passage through the ice, but eventually had to turn back.
What happened to Henry Hudson on his last voyage?
Explain that Henry Hudson and his crew were sailing in this bay when his crew became angry with Hudson for not finding a passage to Asia and mutinied. The crew set Hudson, his son, and some crewmembers adrift on a small boat and sailed the main ship back to Europe.
How long did Henry Hudson voyage take?
Hudson set sail in his ship Discovery in May 1610 and was swept by tides into what is now known as Hudson Strait, at the northern tip of Labrador, Canada. Pushing westwards, through ice-choked water, the Discovery reached the end of the strait six weeks later.
What are 3 interesting facts about Henry Hudson?
Henry Hudson | 10 Facts On The Famous English Explorer#1 Little is known about the early life of Henry Hudson.#2 He made four attempts to find a northerly passage to Asia.#3 No European had navigated so far north as Hudson did in 1607.#4 He was the first European to explore the Arctic Ocean.More items...•
What did Henry Hudson accomplish on his voyage?
Henry Hudson failed to find the passage to the Orient, he discovered New York City, the Hudson River, the Hudson Strait, and the Hudson Bay.
What happened on Henry Hudson's second voyage?
He was able to placate his crew only by turning for home and writing a letter saying they had not forced him to do so. Hudson's failure to make any significant discoveries or progress - and possibly his obvious problems with the crew - made the Muscovy Company lose interest in further exploration of the north.
When was Hudson's last voyage?
1610The R.A. catalogue contained the following passage: 'Henry Hudson, the great navigator, made his last voyage to the Polar Seas in 1610. In the summer of 1611 his crew mutinied and set him adrift in an open boat with his son, John Hudson, and some of the most infirm of the sailors.
Why was Henry Hudson's first voyage unsuccessful?
Henry Hudson made four voyages in search of a water route to the Far East. His first two voyages were through Arctic waters and proved to be unsuccessful due to ice.
When did Henry Hudson go on his first voyage?
It was thought that, because the sun shone for three months in the northern latitudes in the summer, the ice would melt and a ship could make it across the "top of the world". On 1 May 1607, Hudson sailed with a crew of ten men and a boy on the 80-ton Hopewell.
What challenges did Henry Hudson face on his voyage?
Lacking food or supplies, the expedition greatly suffered in the extreme cold. Many of the crew held Hudson responsible for their misfortune, and on June 22, 1611, with the coming of summer, they mutinied against him. The Discovery later returned to England, and its crew was arrested for the mutiny.
What impact did Hudson's explorations have on the world?
Hudson's discovery of the Hudson Bay in Canada also helped spark Europeans' increased interests in colonization in North America. Not only did Hudson's discovery lead to an increased interest in European colonization, but they also led to an increased interest in trade with Native Americans.
What was Henry Hudson famous for?
Henry Hudson was an English navigator and explorer who set out to find either a northeast passage “by the North Pole to Japan and China” or a simil...
How did Henry Hudson die?
During a voyage into Hudson Bay, begun in 1610, quarrels arose among the crew. A mutiny ensued, and Henry Hudson, his son, and seven others were se...
What was Henry Hudson’s legacy?
Henry Hudson contributed significantly to our understanding of the geography of North America, especially of its northeastern waterways. In his mem...
What was Henry Hudson's voyage?
Henry Hudson ’s voyage of 1609 to what is now New York Bay was intended to serve trade rather than colonization. The Dutch wished for cargoes of fur, lumber, and tobacco. However, in 1621 the Netherlands government chartered the Dutch West India Company with power to…
How many voyages did Hudson take?
In James Bay he appeared irresolute. Yet Hudson undertook four dangerous voyages, brought his crew through an Arctic winter, and preserved his vessels amid the dangers of ice and unknown shores. He was a competent navigator who materially extended the explorations of Verrazzano, Davis, and Barents.
What happened to Henry Hudson's son?
During a voyage into Hudson Bay, begun in 1610, quarrels arose among the crew. A mutiny ensued, and Henry Hudson, his son, and seven others were set adrift in a small boat in June 1611. The castaways were never heard of again, and nothing definitive is known about what happened to them.
Why did Hudson make a voyage to America?
Hudson now made ready a voyage to America to follow up Weymouth’s suggestion. Weymouth had described an inlet (now Hudson Strait) where a “furious overfall” of water rushed out with every ebb tide. This phenomenon suggested that a great body of water lay beyond the strait. Hudson was confident that it was the Pacific Ocean. The British East India Company contributed £300 toward his voyage, and the Muscovy Company presumably furnished a like amount; Hudson’s private sponsors included 5 noblemen and 13 merchants.
What bodies of water did Hudson navigate?
In his memory, several bodies of water that he navigated now bear his name: Hudson Bay, the Hudson River, and Hudson Strait. Of Hudson’s early life, nothing is known. Several Hudsons were associated with his sponsors, the Muscovy Company of London, a generation before his own time.
What did Henry Hudson contribute to the study of North America?
Henry Hudson contributed significantly to our understanding of the geography of North America, especially of its northeastern waterways. In his memory, several bodies of water that he navigated now bear his name: Hudson Bay, the Hudson River, and Hudson Strait.
Where did Hudson go on his third voyage?
Shortly after his return, Hudson was lured to Amsterdam to undertake a third northeast voyage under contract to the Dutch East India Company. While there, he heard reports of two possible channels to the Pacific across North America.
How old was Henry Hudson when he made his first voyage?
Yet there is much we do not know. Henry Hudson’s actual date of birth is not known. It is estimated around 1570 which would have made him around 37 years old when he made his first big voyage in 1607. He was married and had three children.
When was Henry Hudson's second voyage?
Map showing the second voyage of Henry Hudson. (Courtesy of Ian Chadwick) The second voyage begins eight months later on Friday, April 22, 1608, again sailing for the Muscovy Company on the Hopewell.
How many attempts did Henry Hudson make to find the Far East?
From 1607 to 1611 Henry Hudson made four attempts to find a passage to the far east. Each failed to meet their goal. Like other men and women, he was driven by a passion to succeed at no matter what the cost.
How many men died in the Hudson mutiny?
What is certain, is that Henry Hudson, his son John, and seven other men never returned. Of the 12 remaining men, 4 died on the way home, including three responsible for the mutiny, including Robert Juet. Justice Served, – perhaps. Although the remaining crew was questioned and recommended to hang.
What is known about Henry Hudson's family?
Nothing of certainty is known about his family or parents. There are family trees for Henry Hudson but many are filled with question marks. What is known is that he could read and write, understood mathematics, and knew how to navigate the stars. Image of Henry Hudson. Or what he was imagined to look like.
What was Henry Hudson's name?
We do know that his name was Henry and not Hendrick, as so often called and emblazoned on the newest and finest steamboat on the Hudson River at the time. Evidenced in his contract with the Amsterdam directors of the Dutch East India Company where he signed as Henry Hudson.
Why did Hudson believe the waters would be warmer?
Incredibly, Hudson, and others believed the waters would be warmer because the days were longer near the North Pole. At one point weather was so bad that he sailed blindly in snow along the coast of Greenland. Ice prevented him from reaching his goal. However, a great deal geographically was learned.
Who Was Henry Hudson?
Believed to have been born in the late 16th century, English explorer Henry Hudson made two unsuccessful sailing voyages in search of an ice-free passage to Asia. In 1609, he embarked on a third voyage funded by the Dutch East India Company that took him to the New World and the river that would be given his name. On his fourth voyage, Hudson came upon the body of water that would later be called the Hudson Bay.
Where did Hudson go?
Traveling down the North American coast, Hudson went as far south as the Chesapeake Bay. He then turned around and decided to explore New York Harbor, an area first thought to have been discovered by Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524. Around this time, Hudson and his crew clashed with some local Indigenous peoples.
Why did Hudson sail west?
Hudson decided to sail west to seek western passage to the Orient. According to some historians, he had heard of a way to the Pacific Ocean from North America from English explorer John Smith. Crossing the Atlantic Ocean, Hudson and his crew reached land that July, coming ashore at what is now Nova Scotia.
What was the name of the ship that Hudson left England on?
Final Journey and Death. Aboard the ship Discovery, Hudson left England in April 1610. He and his crew, which again included his son John and Robert Juet, made their way across the Atlantic Ocean. After skirting the southern tip of Greenland, they entered what became known as the Hudson Strait.
Why did Hudson find English investors?
He was, however, undeterred from trying to find the Northwest Passage. This time, Hudson found English investors to fund his next journey, which would prove to be fatal.
How did Hudson learn about seafaring?
It is believed that he learned about the seafaring life firsthand, perhaps from fishermen or sailors. He must have had a talent for navigation early on, enough to merit becoming a commander in his late 20s. Prior to 1607, Hudson probably worked aboard other ships before being appointed to lead one on his own.
What was Hudson Bay called?
On his fourth voyage, Hudson came upon the body of water that would later be called the Hudson Bay.
Where did Hudson sail?
On 4 August, the ship was at Cape Cod, from which Hudson sailed south to the entrance of the Chesapeake Bay. Rather than entering the Chesapeake he explored the coast to the north, finding Delaware Bay but continuing on north. On 3 September, he reached the estuary of the river that initially was called the "North River" or "Mauritius" and now carries his name. He was not the first European to discover the estuary, though, as it had been known since the voyage of Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524.
Who was Henry Hudson?
For other people with similar names, see Henry Hudson (disambiguation). Henry Hudson ( c. 1565 – disappeared 23 June 1611) was an English sea explorer and navigator during the early 17th century, best known for his explorations of present-day Canada and parts of the northeastern United States .
What river did Halve Maen sail on?
Looking for a Northwest Passage to Asia on his ship Halve Maen ("Half Moon"), he sailed up the Hudson River, which was later named after him, and thereby laid the foundation for Dutch colonization of the region .
Why did Hudson use his Discovery?
When the ice cleared in the spring of 1611, Hudson planned to use his Discovery to further explore Hudson Bay with the continuing goal of discovering the Passage; however, most of the members of his crew ardently desired to return home. Matters came to a head and much of the crew mutinied in June. Descriptions of the successful mutiny are one-sided, because the only survivors who could tell their story were the mutineers and those who went along with the mutiny.
How far north did Hudson sail?
On 13 July, Hudson and his crew estimated that they had sailed as far north as 80° 23′ N, but more likely only reached 79° 23′ N. The following day they entered what Hudson later in the voyage named "Whales Bay" ( Krossfjorden and Kongsfjorden ), naming its northwestern point "Collins Cape" (Kapp Mitra) after his boatswain, William Collins. They sailed north the following two days. On 16 July, they reached as far north as Hakluyt's Headland (which Thomas Edge claims Hudson named on this voyage) at 79° 49′ N, thinking they saw the land continue to 82° N ( Svalbard 's northernmost point is 80° 49′ N) when really it trended to the east. Encountering ice packed along the north coast, they were forced to turn back south. Hudson wanted to make his return "by the north of Greenland to Davis his Streights ( Davis Strait ), and so for Kingdom of England," but ice conditions would have made this impossible. The expedition returned to Tilbury Hope on the River Thames on 15 September.
How many men did Hudson have on the Hopewell?
On 1 May 1607, Hudson sailed with a crew of ten men and a boy on the 80-ton Hopewell.
What was Hudson's first attempt to find the Northeast Passage?
In 1607 and 1608, Hudson made two attempts on behalf of English merchants to find a rumoured Northeast Passage to Cathay via a route above the Arctic Circle. In 1609, he landed in North America on behalf of the Dutch East India Company and explored the region around the modern New York metropolitan area. Looking for a Northwest Passage to Asia on his ship Halve Maen ("Half Moon"), he sailed up the Hudson River, which was later named after him, and thereby laid the foundation for Dutch colonization of the region .
What was Henry Hudson's third voyage?
Taking all of those reports into consideration, Hudson decided to embark upon a third voyage. This time, he was sponsored by the Dutch, i.e. the Dutch East India Company. On April 6, 1609, on board the ship the Half Moon (known in Dutch as the Half Maen ), Henry Hudson sailed from Holland and headed northeast. Unlike his first two voyages where massive ice packs halted him in his track, his third voyage was impeded by unfavorable winds. Rather than throw in the towel and return to Holland, Hudson sailed on, seeking the Northwest Passage instead. This went against the agreement that he signed with his Dutch financiers.
Why is Hudson so famous?
Hudson is also most known for the sheer level of commitment he displayed on the four expeditions that he embarked upon. The extremely dangerous nature of the expeditions did not faze him as he went one expedition after the other. This trait of his was also one of the reasons why his wealthy sponsors had a tremendous amount of trust in him as an explorer and navigator.
How did Henry Hudson die?
Biting winter conditions compounded Hudson’s already despondent situation. The disappointment soon evolved into a bitter quarrel among his crew members, who were by this time restless and aggressive. Soon, some crew members accused Hudson of hoarding rations for his close crew members.
What was Hudson's last voyage?
In April 1611, about a year after his third voyage, Hudson raised his sail again and journeyed from London aboard the 55-ton ship called the Discovery. His fourth and what eventually ended up being his final voyage was sponsored by the British East India Company, the Muscovy Company and other private individuals.
How many times was Hudson commissioned to explore the Arctic?
The fact that he was commissioned for a whopping four times to discover a short route from Europe to Asia is testimony to the confidence people had him as an explorer and a navigator. Hudson must have thoroughly read the accounts of some of the first European explorers of the Age of Exploration, particularly the ones that ventured into the Arctic. It is therefore safe to say that Hudson was a well-versed explorer on Arctic geography.
How many times was Henry Hudson commissioned?
Henry Hudson was commissioned three times by England, i.e. the British East India company – 1607, 1608, and 1610/11. He was commissioned once by the Dutch, i.e. the Dutch East India Company, in 1609. Other sponsors and financiers of Hudson include: Muscovy Company of London and the Virginia Company of Plymouth.
How far away was Henry Hudson from the expedition team?
While cruising up the Hudson River, Henry Hudson came about 100 miles away from the expedition team led by French explore Samuel de Champlain. Even though the two explorers were so close to each other, they were not aware of each other’s presence in the region.
What is Henry Hudson famous for?
Facts About Henry Hudson. Posted on. Last updated: August 29, 2018 By: Author. Russell Yost. Categories. Explorers and Pirates. Henry Hudson was a famous explorer that sailed for both England and the Dutch. He explored modern New York City, Canada, and a large body of water that would be named after him, Hudson Bay.
When was the first voyage of Hudson?
First Voyage. Hudsons first voyage took place in 1607. During this time the English and the Dutch were competing for different trade routes and trying to find a northern passage to Asia. His first command was of the Hopewell and was financed by the Muscovy Company. The vessel was old and had a small crew.
What was Hudson's second voyage?
Second Voyage. While making some discoveries in his first voyage Hudson still believe there to be a shorter passage to the north that would take them to the wealthy indies. He took command of the Hopewell for a second time and again sailed for the Muscovy Company of England.
What was the name of the country that Hudson sighted on June 13?
On June 13 Hudson sighted the eastern coast of Greenland. Greenland is known for its rough weather and difficulty to navigate. Even today, these waters are considered treacherous to vessels – even today’s modern steel-hulled ships with manganese-bronze propellers.
Why did Hudson return to the Old World?
Hudson returned to the Old World after his crew threatened to mutiny. They sailed into Dartmouth England where Hudson was put under house arrest for sailing with the East India Company. It was not uncommon for mariners to sail under different flags which suggests that Hudson was a victim of jealous merchants.
Why was Hudson unable to navigate the Hudson Strait?
Hudson was unable to navigate the Hudson Strait (would be named that later) due to ice and was forced to look for another passage. By July Hudson was trapped in the Ungave Bay. He was forced to navigate slowly through the ice and deal with his mutinous crew who began to want to go home.
Which company made Hudson sign a contract that required him to search for a the Northeast passage of which he failed?
The Dutch East India Company made Hudson sign a contract that required him to search for a the Northeast passage of which he failed to find in his second voyage.
What did Henry Hudson discover?
Henry Hudson discovered the Hudson River, the Hudson Strait and the Hudson Bay. He worked to colonize the areas surrounding these bodies of water after they were first discovered. Hudson also worked to found Cape Digges and Cape Wolstenholme.
What was Hudson's fourth voyage?
His fourth voyage was slightly more tumultuous and led to starvation and battles aboard his ship. The difficult conditions eventually led to a mutiny of his crew.
Why did Hudson have to turn back?
He began two journeys that ended in him having to turn back around because of high levels of ice in the ocean. On his third journey, Hudson chose a different route that eventually led him to the New World.
Who was Henry Hudson?
Henry Hudson (1565 – 1611) was an English sea explorer and navigator known for his explorations of present-day Canada and parts of the northeastern United States.
When did Hudson want to go west?
In 1611, after wintering on the shore of James Bay, Hudson wanted to press on to the west, but most of his crew mutinied.
What happened to Hudson Bay in 1611?
In 1611, while on an expedition and after wintering on the shore of James Bay, Hudson planned to continue to explore Hudson Bay to discover the North-West Passage. Unfortunately, most of his crew ardently wanted to return home, and much of the crew mutinied. The mutiny resulted in a struggle in which four men were killed.
How many crewmen were on the Hudson ship?
The mutineers then set Hudson, his teenage son John, and seven crewmen, either sick and infirm or loyal to Hudson, adrift from the ship in a small open boat.
How many mutinous crewmen survived the return voyage?
Only eight of the thirteen mutinous crewmen survived the return voyage to Europe. They were arrested in England, and some were put on trial.
Where are John Collier's paintings?
Sixteen of John Collier’s paintings are now in the National Portrait Gallery collections in London, and two are in the Tate Gallery. Many other museums also hold his art.
by Joe Santacroce
Henry Hudson – The First Voyage
Henry Hudson – The Second Voyage
- The second voyage begins eight months later on Friday, April 22, 1608, again sailing for the Muscovy Company on the Hopewell. This time Hudson is in search of a northeast passage going above Novaya Zemlya, an Island above Russia. His crew totals 13 including son John. Hudson demands additional men and that the ship is reinforced. Robert Juet joins the crew and is older t…
Henry Hudson – The Third Voyage
- Hudson’s third voyage was for the Dutch East India Company on the Half Moon. He had fallen out of favor with the Muscovy Company after the last voyage. The French also wanted to hire Hudson but the Dutch, who were initially stalling, jumped at the chance when they heard the French wanted to employ his services. While Hudson was negotiating a strict contract with the Dutch to …
Henry Hudson – The Fourth Voyage
- Henry Hudson’s fourth voyage began in April of 1610. Once again in search of a Northwest passage, and surprisingly sailing for England after his house arrest. He kept a journal but only pieces survive. The rest probably being destroyed by the mutinous crew. After sailing towards Greenland and then across Davis Straight, he turns into the bay which ...