Champlain, Samuel de
- Becomes a navigator. ...
- Joins expedition to New France. ...
- Explores present-day New England. ...
- Founds Quebec City. ...
- Named lieutenant in New France. ...
- Champlain describes torture. ...
- Position threatened by politics. ...
- Quebec becomes stable. ...
- Jean Nicolet makes peace with the Winnebago tribe. ...
- For further research. ...
What is Samuel de Champlain best known for?
Samuel de Champlain, (born 1567, Brouage, France-died December 25, 1635, Quebec, New France [now in Quebec, Canada]) French explorer, acknowledged founder of the city of Quebec (1608), and consolidator of the French colonies in the New World.
What was the principal voyage of Samuel de Champlain?
Principal Voyage. Samuel de Champlain would take his second New World voyage under the expedition of François Gravé Du Pont. The fleet set sail from France on March 15, 1603. They crossed the Atlantic Ocean and arrived in North America.
How did Samuel de Champlain help the Hurons?
He Composed One Of The Earliest Known Accounts Of Native Americans During a 1615 voyage to the interior of Canada, Champlain and the French assisted the Hurons in a battle against the Iroquois. During the conflict, Champlain took an arrow to the knee. In the aftermath, Champlain spent the winter as a guest of the Huron.
What was Samuel de Champlain's goal?
Part of Champlain's goal was to retrace the steps of his French predecessor, Jacques Cartier, who had explored New France more than 50 years before him and given Canada its name. As such, Champlain was not the first European to see these places, but he was the first to describe and map them out in such detail.
What was Champlain's motivation?
The motivations that Mr. Champlain had that almost every explorer wanted was the THREE G'S (God, gold, and glory). He had his own of course though. One of them was the establish the first permanent for France along the St.
Who did Samuel de Champlain work for?
Appointed lieutenant by Cardinal Richelieu, Champlain returned to Quebec in 1633. He was able to see the promising beginnings of the colony he had planned. He was paralyzed in the fall of 1635 due to a stroke. He died on Christmas Day that year.
What was Samuel de Champlain's first voyage?
In 1603, Champlain made his first trip to North America, to the St. Lawrence River to explore and establish a French colony. In 1604, he returned to northeastern Canada, and over the next four years became the first to map the North Atlantic Coast....Document Number:AJ-115Title:Voyage of Samuel de Champlain, 1604-16084 more rows
Who discovered Canada?
Under letters patent from King Henry VII of England, the Italian John Cabot became the first European known to have landed in Canada after the Viking Age. Records indicate that on June 24, 1497 he sighted land at a northern location believed to be somewhere in the Atlantic provinces.
Who discovered Lake Champlain?
Samuel de Champlain1609. In July, Samuel de Champlain explores the Lake. Champlain traveled up the Richelieu River with his native allies to drive the Iroquois from the Lake. The French explorer gave us the first written account of the region; the first map; and he named the Lake for himself.
Who discovered Quebec?
Early history to 1860. The origins of Quebec go back to 1534–35, when the French explorer Jacques Cartier landed at present-day Gaspé and took possession of the land in the name of the king of France.
What country did Samuel de Champlain sail for?
Who Was Samuel de Champlain? French explorer Samuel de Champlain began exploring North America in 1603, establishing the city of Quebec in the northern colony of New France, and mapping the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes, before settling into an administrative role as the de facto governor of New France in 1620.
Who explored the Great Lakes?
While the area had been inhabited for a very long time before European explorers arrived, Étienne Brûlé (circa 1592-1632), an advance man for the French explorer Samuel de Champlain (circa 1567-1635), is generally credited as the first European to discover the Great Lakes.
What was Samuel de Champlain's legacy?
Samuel de Champlain's legacy, although misunderstood and ignored in his native France for a long time, had a great effect on the way in which we live today. Champlain's work in strengthening the fur trade to establish a colony, his alliances with Indians, and his published works are all a part of his legacy.
What are some fun facts about Samuel de Champlain?
Samuel de Champlain | 10 Facts About The French Explorer#1 Samuel was born in a family of mariners.#2 His first major voyage was with his uncle on the ship Saint-Julien.#3 He served in King Henry's court as a geographer.#4 He first landed in North America in 1603.#5 Champlain is known as 'The Father of New France'More items...•
Where did Samuel de Champlain come from?
Hiers-Brouage, Marennes-Hiers-Brouage, FranceSamuel de Champlain / Place of birthHiers-Brouage is a former commune in the Charente-Maritime department, southwestern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Marennes-Hiers-Brouage. Wikipedia
Why is Samuel de Champlain significant?
He was key to French expansion in the New World. Known as the “Father of New France,” Champlain founded Quebec (1608), one of the oldest cities in...
What was Samuel de Champlain’s early life like?
He was born about 1567 in Brouage, France, a seaport on the Atlantic coast. While little is known of his childhood, he stated that at a young age h...
How did Samuel de Champlain die?
He died of a stroke on December 25, 1635, in Quebec, New France.
Who was Samuel de Champlain?
13 August 1567 – 25 December 1635) was a French colonist, navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He made between 21 and 29 trips across the Atlantic Ocean, and founded Quebec, and New France, on 3 July 1608. An important figure in Canadian history, Champlain created the first accurate coastal map during his explorations, and founded various colonial settlements.
What did Samuel Champlain learn?
Born into a family of mariners (both his father and uncle-in-law were sailors, or navigators), Samuel Champlain learned to navigate, draw, make nautical charts, and write practical reports. His education did not include Ancient Greek or Latin, so he did not read or learn from any ancient literature.
How many chiefs did Champlain kill?
In a battle that began the next day, two hundred and fifty Haudenosaunee advanced on Champlain's position, and one of his guides pointed out the three chiefs. In his account of the battle, Champlain recounts firing his arquebus and killing two of them with a single shot, after which one of his men killed the third.
How did Champlain die?
Champlain had a severe stroke in October 1635, and died on 25 December, leaving no immediate heirs. Jesuit records state he died in the care of his friend and confessor Charles Lallemant.
What did Champlain order his men to do?
Upon arriving in Quebec, Champlain later wrote: "I arrived there on the 3rd of July, when I searched for a place suitable for our settlement; but I could find none more convenient or better suited than the point of Quebec, so called by the savages, which was covered with nut-trees." Champlain ordered his men to gather lumber by cutting down the nut-trees for use in building habitations.
What tribes were represented in the engraving of the Battle of Lake Champlain?
Engraving based on a drawing by Champlain of his 1609 voyage. It depicts a battle between Iroquois and Algonquian tribes near Lake Champlain
Where did Champlain fight the Haudenosaunee?
On 29 July, somewhere in the area near Ticonderoga and Crown Point, New York (historians are not sure which of these two places, but Fort Ticonderoga historians claim that it occurred near its site), Champlain and his party encountered a group of Haudenosaunee. In a battle that began the next day, two hundred and fifty Haudenosaunee advanced on Champlain's position, and one of his guides pointed out the three chiefs. In his account of the battle, Champlain recounts firing his arquebus and killing two of them with a single shot, after which one of his men killed the third. The Haudenosaunee turned and fled. This action set the tone for poor French-Iroquois relations for the rest of the century.
Who Was Samuel de Champlain?
French explorer Samuel de Champlain began exploring North America in 1603, establishing the city of Quebec in the northern colony of New France, and mapping the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes, before settling into an administrative role as the de facto governor of New France in 1620.
What did Champlain discover?
The group sailed up the St. Lawrence and Saguenay rivers and explored the Gaspé Peninsula, ultimately arriving in Montreal. Although Champlain had no official role or title on the expedition, he proved his mettle by making uncanny predictions about the network of lakes and other geographic features of the region.
Where did Champlain go on his voyage?
Given his usefulness on Du Pont's voyage, the following year Champlain was chosen to be geographer on an expedition to Acadia led by Lieutenant-General Pierre Du Gua de Monts. They landed in May on the southeast coast of what is now Nova Scotia and Champlain was asked to choose a location for a temporary settlement.
What was Champlain's first battle?
When they arrived in June 1608, they constructed a fort in what is now Quebec City. Quebec would soon become the hub for French fur trading. The following summer, Champlain fought the first major battle against the Iroquois, cementing a hostile relationship that would last for more than a century.
When did Champlain establish Quebec?
Establishing Quebec. In 1608, Champlain was named lieutenant to de Monts, and they set off on another expedition up the St. Lawrence. When they arrived in June 1608, they constructed a fort in what is now Quebec City. Quebec would soon become the hub for French fur trading.
When did Champlain retire?
Champlain returned to be its governor. By this time, however, his health was failing and he was forced to retire in 1633. He died in Quebec on Christmas Day in 1635.
When did Champlain and his team sail down the coast of New England?
In the summer of 1605, the team sailed down the coast of New England as far south as Cape Cod. Although a few British explorers had navigated the terrain before, Champlain was the first to give a precise and detailed accounting of the region that would one day become Plymouth Rock.
How long did Champlain serve in the army?
In 1593, Champlain served in the army of Henry of Navarre – also known as King Henry IV of France. He served in the army for 5 years, until King Henry’s and France’s victory in 1598.
What was Champlain known for?
He is best known for establishing the first French settlement in the Canadian territory, and founding the city of Quebec. Because of this, Champlain became known as the “Father of New France.”1. Biography.
What was Samuel de Champlain's last voyage?
This discovery would be his last great voyage of exploration. He would spend the next years of his life trying to re-establish and maintain his authority in New France. Later Years and Death. Samuel de Champlain returned to France in July 1616 where he learned his title of lieutenant had been taken away.
What was the goal of Samuel de Champlain?
Once again, the goal was to start a new French colony. Champlain found an area on the shores of the St. Lawrence river and began constructing a fort and other buildings. In July 1608, Samuel de Champlain and his men created the first successful French colony in New France.
Why did Henry IV want to settle in the New World?
King Henry IV wanted to the French to begin settling in the New World in hopes that wealth could be brought back to France. So he sent an expedition to locate a place in the New World to establish a French colony and fur trade settlement. Samuel de Champlain would be among the men who would take part in this venture.
Where was Samuel de Champlain born?
Biography. Early Life. Samuel de Champlain was born in the French village Brouage in the Province of Saintonge. Historians do not know his exact date of birth, but most agree it was between 1567 and 1570.2 His father was Antoine Champlain and his mother was Marguerite Le Roy.
When did Champlain return to New France?
The King agreed, and Champlain returned to New France again in 1620. He spent the rest of his life focusing on governing and growing the territory rather than exploration. In 1628, Champlain became the deputy of the “Company One Hundred Associates” organized by Cardinal Richelieu to colonize New France.
Where did Samuel de Champlain go?
CHAMPLAIN, SAMUEL DE, EXPLORATIONS OF. Born about 1567 in the small French Atlantic port of Brouage, Samuel de Champlain had most likely already been to Spanish America when, in 1603, he embarked as an observer on a trading expedition to the St. Lawrence Valley. Hoping to find a shorter route to the Orient, he questioned Native people, notably Algonquins, whom he met at the summer trading rendezvous at Tadoussac, about the hydrography of the interior. They subsequently took him on a trip some fifty miles up the Saguenay River before showing him the St. Lawrence as far as the Lachine Rapids above present-day Montreal. The following year, Champlain joined Sieur de Monts, Newly invested with the monopoly of the fur trade, as geographer on a venture to Acadia. After exploring parts of the Nova Scotia coastline, the party spent a difficult winter at Sainte-Croix
What was Champlain's main goal in the 1604 expedition?
As a result of his impressive efforts in New France, Champlain was chosen in 1604 to be the geographer on an expedition to Acadia to find the best site for settlement. Led by Lieutenant-General Pierre du Gua, Sieur de Monts, who had a monopoly (exclusive possession or control) on the fur trade in the region, the party of settlers sailed to Acadia. Traveling down the coast of New Brunswick, they stopped at the St. Croix River and built a small fort on a site that is now almost exactly on the border between the United States and Canada. The first winter was a near disaster for the expedition party. Besides the harsh weather, nearly half the party died of scurvy (a disease caused by lack of Vitamin C in the diet). The following winter they moved across the Bay of Fundy to Port Royal, now called Annapolis Royal in Nova Scotia. This was to become the main settlement for the French Acadians.
How old was Champlain when he married?
Champlain faced regular challenges over the next two decades as politics in France altered colonial authority in the New World. He spent much time in France negotiating with government officials and financial investors for the support he needed for his efforts. When he was around forty years old, he married twelve-year-old Hélène Boullé (1598–1654), the daughter of the secretary to the king's chamber. Exploring the New World in 1615, Champlain reached as far as Lake Huron, probably making him the first European to see it.
What was Champlain's most ambitious project?
Champlain was determined to return to New France, this time on his own terms. By 1608 he had secured financial backing for his most ambitious project in the New World, the beginning of a permanent settlement at Quebec City. Arriving in July, the party, which included thirty-two colonists, built a fort and faced their first hard winter. Only nine people survived to welcome the reinforcements who arrived in June of the following year. That spring, Champlain continued his exploration of Canada by traveling up the St. Lawrence and Richelieu Rivers to a lake that now bears his name, Lake Champlain. In 1609 he joined the Huron tribe and their allies in a great battle against a marauding (raiding) band of Iroquois on Lake Champlain near present-day Crown Point, New York. The French and Hurons defeated the Iroquois, thus beginning 150 years of hostilities between the French and the Iroquois, one of the most powerful tribal nations in North America.
Where did Champlain establish his colony?
Lawrence Valley was more promising than Acadia for trade, exploration, and settlement, Champlain—along with a few dozen artisans and workers—established a base of operations at Quebec in 1608. The colony they founded would remain essentially a commercial and missionary outpost in the explorer's lifetime. (He died in 1635.) In 1609 Champlain and two compatriots accompanied a Native war party on a foray into Mohawk Iroquois territory, emerging victorious from an engagement at the southern end (near Crown Point, New York) of the lake to which Champlain gave his name. In 1613, the Algonquins invited Champlain to visit their country in the middle reaches of the Ottawa River. In 1615 and 1616, a similar invitation from the powerful Hurons took him east and south of Lake Huron and, on the occasion of a raiding party, to Iroquois villages probably situated between Lakes Oneida and Onondaga. While the allies permitted him to see their own and some of their neighbors' or enemies' territory, they refused him access to other parts of the interior, including the route northward to Hudson Bay he had learned about. Thus aided and constrained, Champlain explored much of the lower Great Lakes region. An energetic promoter of his colony, which he saw as a future customs station for the China trade, he published his Voyages in installments, illustrating them with carefully drafted maps. The 1632 cumulative edition of the Voyages, containing a remarkable map of New France, summarized the geographic and ethnographic observations of a long career.
Why did Champlain work in Europe?
Champlain was back in Europe for the next four years. He worked during this period to get England to return Quebec to France. He also spent time writing about the adventures of his life.
What religion was Samuel de Champlain?
Samuel de Champlain was born in the small seaport town of Brouage on the west coast of France in about 1567. It is believed that he was born a Protestant and at some point converted to Roman Catholicism during the Wars of Religion (also known as Hugenot Wars; 1562–98). This period of bitter rivalry between Protestants (members of the Protestant Christian religion, which was formed in opposition to the Roman Catholic Church) and Catholics (members of the Roman Catholic Church, a Christian religion based in Rome, Italy, and headed by a pope who has supreme authority in all church affairs) would determine the dominant religion in France. At an early age, Champlain went to sea to learn navigation and cartography (the drafting of maps and charts). Until 1598 he fought as a sergeant on the side of Protestant king Henry IV in the religious wars. After his military service, he worked as a navigator on a voyage to the West Indies. Although Champlain was born a commoner (one who is not of noble rank), his reputation as a navigator earned him an honorary title in Henry's court.
What did Champlain do during the war?
During the conflict, Champlain took an arrow to the knee. In the aftermath, Champlain spent the winter as a guest of the Huron. It was during this time that Champlain wrote one of the earliest known accounts of Native American life. He brought a level of detail to his writing that no one had ever seen before. 7.
Who taught Samuel de Champlain to navigate?
He Learned Sea Navigation From The Very Best. Samuel de Champlain was born to a sea captain father. It was his father who taught him the basics of navigating the open seas. Obviously, this talent would prove to be immensely useful to the explorer later on in his life. 2.
What river did Samuel de Champlain explore?
Around 1603, on behalf of his king, Samuel de Champlain left for Canada to explore the St. Lawrence River. This visit in particular would prove to be highly crucial to the development of Champlain as an explorer of note. Many of the events in his career that would serve to define his legacy came out of the experiences he had during this particular ...
What happened to Champlain when he was reinstated as a lieutenant?
When he was finally reinstated as a lieutenant, Champlain made his return to Canada with his wife. 8. He Was Eventually Forced To Return To France. After being put in charge of the Company of 100 Associates, which was created to rule New France, Champlain had much to be pleased about.
What did Champlain do to take advantage of a new invention?
2. He Took Advantage Of A New Invention. As he got older, it was only natural that Champlain would follow in the footsteps of his father. He began taking part in several ocean voyages between 1599 and 1601. These trips took him to the Spanish colonies that had been established in North America at this point.
Why did Champlain return to Canada?
Due to petty politics, Champlain found it difficult to secure the financial backing he needed to continue his exploration and settlement of Canada. Lawsuits and other undesirable elements made it impossible for Champlain to make his return to Quebec, as he would have liked. He used the time to write extensively of his travels. He also included maps and illustrations with these works. When he was finally reinstated as a lieutenant, Champlain made his return to Canada with his wife.
What was Samuel de Champlain's plan for the New France settlement?
During 1608, Samuel de Champlain made his way back to Canada. The plan was to establish a fur trading post. After looking over the St. Lawrence River region, he settled upon a spot along the area. He decided to name the trading post Quebec. It would quickly establish itself as the first permanent settlement for New France. It was also during this time that Champlain would wage his first significant battle against the Iroquois. This conflict would begin a hostile relationship between colonists and natives that would last for over a century.
Overview
Samuel de Champlain was a French colonist, navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He made between 21 and 29 trips across the Atlantic Ocean, and founded Quebec, and New France, on 3 July 1608. An important figure in Canadian history, Champlain created the first accurate coastal map during his explorations, and founded va…
Birth year, location and family
Champlain was born to Antoine Champlain (also written "Anthoine Chappelain" in some records) and Marguerite Le Roy, in either Hiers-Brouage, or the port city of La Rochelle, in the French province of Aunis.
He was born on or before 13 August 1574, according to a recent baptism record found by Jean-Marie Germe, French genealogist.
Early travels
In year 3 his uncle-in-law , a navigator whose ship Saint-Julien was to transport Spanish troops to Cádiz pursuant to the Treaty of Vervins, gave Champlain the opportunity to accompany him.
After a difficult passage, he spent some time in Cádiz before his uncle, whose ship was then chartered to accompany a large Spanish fleet to the West Indies, …
Founding of Quebec
In the spring of 1608, Dugua wanted Champlain to start a new French colony and fur trading centre on the shores of the St. Lawrence. Dugua equipped, at his own expense, a fleet of three ships with workers, that left the French port of Honfleur. The main ship, called the Don-de-Dieu (French for the Gift of God), was commanded by Champlain. Another ship, the Lévrier (the Hunt Dog), was com…
Relations and war with Native Americans
During the summer of 1609, Champlain attempted to form better relations with the local First Nations tribes. He made alliances with the Wendat (called Huron by the French) and with the Algonquin, the Montagnais and the Etchemin, who lived in the area of the St. Lawrence River. These tribes sought Champlain's help in their war against the Iroquois, who lived farther south. Champlain set off with n…
Marriage
One route Champlain may have chosen to improve his access to the court of the regent was his decision to enter into marriage with the twelve-year-old Hélène Boullé. She was the daughter of Nicolas Boullé, a man charged with carrying out royal decisions at court. The marriage contract was signed on 27 December 1610 in presence of Dugua, who had dealt with the father, and the couple was married three days later. The terms of the contract called for the marriage to be con…
Exploration of New France
On 29 March 1613, arriving back in New France, he first ensured that his new royal commission be proclaimed. Champlain set out on May 27 to continue his exploration of the Huron country and in hopes of finding the "northern sea" he had heard about (probably Hudson Bay). He travelled the Ottawa River, later giving the first description of this area. Along the way, he apparently dropped o…
Military expedition
On 1 September 1615, at Cahiagué (a Wendat community on what is now called Lake Simcoe), he and the northern tribes started a military expedition against the Iroquois. The party passed Lake Ontario at its eastern tip where they hid their canoes and continued their journey by land. They followed the Oneida River until they arrived at the main Onondaga fort on October 10. The exact location of th…