What happened at the Battle of Arausio?
... (Show more) Battle of Arausio, (Oct. 6, 105 bc ), the defeat of a Roman army by Germanic tribes near Arausio (now Orange in southern France). The Cimbri and the Teutoni had invaded the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul about 110 bc.
Who won the Battle of Arausio in 105 BC?
Cimbri and Teutons victories. The Battle of Arausio took place on October 6, 105 BC, at a site between the town of Arausio (modern day Orange, Vaucluse) and the Rhône River.
Was the Battle of Arausio Rome’s greatest defeat?
The Battle of Arausio : Rome’s Greatest Defeat? The Battle of Arausio was a battle fought between the Roman Republic and the tribes of Cimbri and Teutones roughly in the year 105 BC on October 6th.
What was the Battle of Boiorix and Teutobod?
Ranged against the migratory tribes of the Cimbri under Boiorix and the Teutoni under Teutobod were two Roman armies, commanded by the proconsul Quintus Servilius Caepio and consul Gnaeus Mallius Maximus. However, bitter differences between the commanders prevented the Roman armies from co-operating, with devastating results.
Where was the battle of Arausio?
RhôneOrangeBattle of Arausio/Locations
Who won the cimbrian war?
The Cimbri coalition reached the frontiers of the Roman Republic, where they fought and defeated multiple Roman armies. Their victory at Arausio (Orange) in 105 BCE, was one of the greatest disasters in the history of Roman warfare.
Who defeated the Cimbri and Teutones?
Fought B.C. 102, when the Teutones under the king, Teutobod, were totally routed by the Romans under Marius. Fought July 30, 101 B.C., between 50,000 Romans, under Marius, and the Cimbri, under Boiorix. The Cimbri were almost annihilated, and their king slain.
What was the cause of the cimbrian war?
The Cimbri initially set about complying peacefully with Rome's demands, but soon discovered that Carbo had laid an ambush against them. Infuriated by this treachery, they attacked and, at the Battle of Noreia, annihilated Carbo's army, almost killing Carbo in the process.
How did the social war end?
The senate ordered Metellus Pius to make peace with the Samnites, but he refused to accept their terms. Marius, who had returned from a brief exile in Africa, offered to accept the Samnite terms, and they supported Cinna. This marked the real end of the Social War.
How did the Jugurthine war end?
The Jugurthine War (111-104 BC) was a prolonged struggle between Rome and her former ally of Numidia that played a part in the rise of Marius and eventually ended with a Roman victory.
What happened to the Cimbri?
The women killed both themselves and their children in order to avoid slavery. The Cimbri were annihilated, although some may have survived to return to the homeland where a population with this name was residing in northern Jutland in the 1st century AD, according to the sources quoted above.
Who were the Cimbri and Teutones?
The Cimbri and Teutones were Germanic or Celtic tribes, probably from Jutland, whose movement into Roman-allied territory in the second century BCE led to the Cimbri Wars (113-101 BCE). They fought and consistently defeated Roman forces, with their largest victory being in the 105 BCE Battle of Arausio.
Which Roman general defeated the numidians and invading Germanic barbarians?
Marius attained his first consulship in 107 BC and became the commander of Roman forces in Numidia, where he brought an end to the Jugurthine War. By 105 BC Rome faced an invasion by the Cimbri and Teutones, and the comitia centuriata elected Marius consul for a second time to face this new threat.
Who defeated sertorius?
PompeyThe Sertorian War (80-72 BC) was the last stand of the Marian faction after their defeat in Italy during Sulla's Second Civil War and saw Quintus Sertorius hold out in Spain for over a decade before finally being defeated by Pompey and Metellus Pius.
What was Marius relationship with Caesar?
The connections between the Marius and the Julius families were very close: Marius was married to a sister of Caesar's father, Julia. So, Caesar belonged to an influential family. His contemporaries called Marius a popularis.
Who were Gracchus brothers?
Gaius GracchusTiberius Gracchus / BrotherThe Gracchi brothers were two Roman brothers, sons of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, who was consul in 177 BC. Tiberius, the elder brother, was tribune of the plebs in 133 BC and Gaius, the younger brother, was tribune a decade later between 123–22 BC.
Who defeated sertorius?
PompeyThe Sertorian War (80-72 BC) was the last stand of the Marian faction after their defeat in Italy during Sulla's Second Civil War and saw Quintus Sertorius hold out in Spain for over a decade before finally being defeated by Pompey and Metellus Pius.
Which Roman general defeated the numidians and invading Germanic barbarians?
Marius attained his first consulship in 107 BC and became the commander of Roman forces in Numidia, where he brought an end to the Jugurthine War. By 105 BC Rome faced an invasion by the Cimbri and Teutones, and the comitia centuriata elected Marius consul for a second time to face this new threat.
What was Marius relationship with Caesar?
The connections between the Marius and the Julius families were very close: Marius was married to a sister of Caesar's father, Julia. So, Caesar belonged to an influential family. His contemporaries called Marius a popularis.
Who were the Goths in history?
The Goths were a nomadic Germanic people who fought against Roman rule in the late 300s and early 400s A.D., helping to bring about the downfall of the Roman Empire, which had controlled much of Europe for centuries. The ascendancy of the Goths is said to have marked the beginning of the medieval period in Europe.
What was the Battle of Arausio?
Battle of Arausio, (Oct. 6, 105 bc ), the defeat of a Roman army by Germanic tribes near Arausio (now Orange in southern France). The Cimbri and the Teutoni had invaded the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul about 110 bc.
What tribe was forced out of Denmark?
Cimbri#N#Cimbri, a Germanic tribe whose military incursion into Roman Italy was thrust back in 101 bc. Forced out of what is now Denmark by overpopulation and the encroaching sea, the Cimbri pushed southward, eventually swelling in numbers by the addition of their allies the Teutoni and other tribes. They scored…
Prelude
The migrations of the Cimbri tribe through Gaul and adjacent territories had disturbed the balance of power and incited or provoked other tribes, such as the Helvetii, into conflict with the Romans. An ambush of Roman troops and the temporary rebellion of the town of Tolosa caused Roman troops to mobilize in the area, with three strong forces.
A skirmish and two routs
Even before battle was joined, the Romans were in trouble.
Aftermath
Rome was a war-faring nation and was accustomed to setbacks. However, the recent string of defeats ending in the calamity at Arausio was alarming for all the people of Rome. The defeat left them with a critical shortage of manpower but also with a terrifying enemy camped on the other side of the now-undefended Alpine passes.
How many people died in the Battle of Arausio?
15,000 killed. total. The Battle of Arausio was fought on 6 October 105 BC during the Cimbrian War. Two Roman armies led by Quintus Servilius Caepio and Gnaeus Mallius Maximus were crushed by a much larger Germanic army of Cimbri and Teutons in present-day southern France in Rome 's worst defeat since the Battle of Cannae during the Punic Wars .
What happened to the Roman army in 105 BC?
King Boiorix of the Cimbri attempted to negotiate with Mallius, asking that his tribe be allowed to migrate into Hispania. However, Caepio did not want Mallius to get the credit for defeating the Germanic threat, so he launched his own attack on the Cimbri camp. His smaller force was easily stopped, surrounded, and slaughtered by the Germans, and the Germans swiftly counterattacked, encircled Mallius' legionaries, and massacred his men as well. 80,000 legionaries and 40,000 auxiliaries and camp followers were killed in Rome's worst defeat since the Battle of Cannae, and the Germans then proceeded to invade Hispania.
Who was the commander of the Roman army during the Battle of Burdigala?
As Rome 's greatest general Gaius Marius was fighting the Jugurthine War in North Africa, command of the army was given to the commoner Gnaeus Mallius Maximus, while the patrician Quintus Servilius Caepio was made his second-in-command. Caepio, descended from one of the oldest patrician families in Rome, resented having to take orders from a commoner, causing division between the two men.
Prelude
- The migrations of the Cimbri tribe through Gaul and adjacent territories had disturbed the balance of power and incited or provoked other tribes, such as the Helvetii, into conflict with the Romans. An ambush of Roman troops and the temporary rebellion of the town of Tolosa caused Roman troops to mobilize in the area, with three strong forces. Having regained Tolosa, the proconsul Q…
A skirmish and two routs
- Even before battle was joined, the Romans were in trouble. The senior of the year's two consuls, Publius Rutilius Rufus, was an experienced and highly decorated soldier, veteran of the recent war in Numidia, but for some reason did not take charge of the military campaign himself but remained in Rome while his inexperienced, untried colleague Gnaeus Mallius Maximus led the le…
Aftermath
- Rome was a war-faring nation and was accustomed to setbacks. However, the recent string of defeats ending in the calamity at Arausio was alarming for all the people of Rome. The defeat left them with a critical shortage of manpower but also with a terrifying enemy camped on the other side of the now-undefended Alpine passes. In Rome, it was widely ...
See also
- Battle of Noreia Battle of Vercellae Battle of Aquae Sextiae
References
- ↑ ᾖν δὲ πρὸ μιᾶς νωνῶν Ὀκτωβρίων "it was one day before the nones of October" Plutarch, Parallel Lives, Life of Lucullus 27.7 ↑ Valerius Antias (1st century BC). Manubiae (quoted by Livy, Periochae, book 67). ↑ Albert A. Howard (1906). "Valerius Antias and Livy", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 17, p. 161-182. ↑ Canon Rawlinson (1877). "On the Ethnography of the Cimbri"…
Sources
- Gilman, Arthur; The Story of Rome From the Earliest Times to the End of the Republic Livy; Book LXVII Granius Licinianus; pages 11-12 Mommsen, Theodor; The History of Rome, Book IV McCullough, Colleen; The First Man in Rome (historical fiction)