Full Answer
Why did the 5 constituencies referendum happen?
What is a referendum?
What is a binding referendum?
How many constitutional amendments are there in Ireland?
What type of referendum is required in West Germany?
Why are referendums not legal in Belgium?
How many people can vote in a referendum in Denmark?
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What was the turnout for the 2011 AV referendum?
The proposal to introduce AV was rejected by 67.9% of voters on a national turnout of 42%. This was only the second UK-wide referendum to be held (the first was the EC referendum in 1975) and the first such to be overseen by the Electoral Commission.
What is the purpose of a referendum?
A referendum (PL: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory.
What does turnout mean in voting?
In political science, voter turnout refers to the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election.
Why is referendum important in US history?
In the politics of the United States, the process of initiatives and referendums allow citizens of many U.S. states to place new legislation, or to place legislation that has recently been passed by a legislature on a ballot for a popular vote.
How is a referendum successful?
At the referendum the proposed alteration must be approved by a 'double majority'. That is: a national majority of voters in the states and territories. a majority of voters in a majority of the states (i.e. at least four out of six states).
How does a referendum get approved?
A referendum is only passed if it is approved by a majority of voters across the nation and a majority of voters in a majority of states—this is known as a double majority.
What was the voter turnout in 2022?
An hour to closure of polling centers at 5 pm, the electoral commission reported a voter turnout of 12,065,803 equating to 56.17% of registered voters. On 10 August 2022, IEBC announced 14 million Kenyans, who were identified electronically, had voted bringing the total percentage to 65.4%.
What is a turnout percentage?
The Number of Voters Voter turnout is a helpful statistic that indicates how engaged voters were in a particular election. Generally, this is understood as the percentage of voters who vote in a given election and is calculated by dividing the number of votes by the number of voters.
What is a great turnout?
the number of people who are present at an organized event: We had a good turnout, more than 100 people showed up.
What impact did the referendum have?
Essentially these changes allowed for Aboriginal people to be included in the census and altered the 'race power' to allow federal parliament to make 'special laws' about Aboriginal peoples.
What was the impact of the referendum?
Cultural competence The 1967 Referendum was the most successful in our history winning 93 percent of votes cast. This empowered the national government to make laws in respect of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples that could assist in addressing inequalities.
Why was the 1967 referendum so successful?
The 1967 referendum did not end discrimination in Australia but instead opened a door for the Australian Government to make specific laws that applied to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples that could assist in addressing inequalities.
What is a referendum in government Simple?
What is a Referendum? A referendum is any question, issue, or act referred to a vote of the people by the General Assembly, a local government, or a petition from voters as authorized by law. A referendum includes constitutional amendments and bond issues.
Why is the referendum important quizlet?
Why is the referendum process important to citizens? Citizens voice opinions to elected officials and citizens are participating in state and local governments. What are the exceptions to the referendum process? Citizens cannot reject any law that deals with the emergency, health, or safety of the state.
What is referendum quizlet?
Referendum. A state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment.
What are the three types of referendums?
4 There are three main types of referendums—advisory, binding, and petition. In an advisory referendum, a legislative body places a proposed measure on the ballot to gauge the opinion of the electorate.
united states - Why are there no referendums in the US? - Politics ...
The United States does have referendums at the state level and all 50 states have some power of referendum offered to the people (the most common being legislature prescribed referendums to the people of general laws, which all states have.
Referendum dates and results - Australian Electoral Commission
Referendum dates and results Subject/Proposal Issue of Writ Polling Day Result States that Voted in Favour % of Votes in Favour; Senate Elections
Referendums related to the European Union - Wikipedia
EC enlargement of 1973. In 1972, four countries held referendums on the subject of the 1973 enlargement of the European Communities. France — 1972 French European Communities enlargement referendum, 23 April 1972, 68.3% in favour, turnout 60.5% Before allowing the four new candidate member states to join the European Communities, founding member France held a referendum that approved this.
Initiatives and referendums in the United States - Wikipedia
In the politics of the United States, the process of initiatives and referendums allow citizens of many U.S. states to place new legislation, or to place legislation that has recently been passed by a legislature on a ballot for a popular vote.Initiatives and referendums, along with recall elections and popular primary elections, are signature reforms of the Progressive Era; they are written ...
Why did the 5 constituencies referendum happen?
Due to discontent towards the proposal of political reform made by the Hong Kong government, the Civic Party and the League of Social Democrats joined together to carry out "Five Constituencies Referendum" in early 2010, by having one Legislative Councillors (from either one of the parties) in each constituency resigned, forcing the government to carry out a by-election, thu s giving a chance for all voters to show their will towards universal suffrage and the abolition of functional constituencies. This is often called a " de facto referendum".
What is a referendum?
A referendum (in some countries synonymous with plebiscite, or a vote on a ballot question) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. This article summarises referendum laws and practice in various countries.
What is a binding referendum?
Binding referendum is mandatory if the President should be removed from office before the end of his term , and in case of comprehensive change of the Federal Constitution. Binding referendum is facultative (not mandatory) in case of non-comprehensive changes in the Federal Constitution. There was only one binding referendum in post-1945 Austria: European Union membership referendum .
How many constitutional amendments are there in Ireland?
The current Constitution of Ireland was adopted by plebiscite on 1 July 1937. In Ireland every constitutional amendment must be approved by referendum; 38 such referendums have occurred from the enactment of the current constitution to May 2019. Constitutional amendments are first adopted by both Houses of the Oireachtas (parliament), submitted to a referendum, and are signed into law by the President. The signature is merely a formality: the president cannot refuse to sign into law an amendment that has been approved in a referendum.
What type of referendum is required in West Germany?
One type is for enacting a new constitution. Changes to the constitution do not require a public vote and there is no provision for an initiative for a constitutional amendment. There has never been a referendum of this type, although there was an argument in that direction during German reunification. The other type requires a public vote in case of restructuring the Bundesländer i.e. States ("Neugliederung des Bundesgebietes", New Arrangement of the Federal Territory) which led to a number of effectless referendums to (re)create states or change the territory of a state. In addition there was a referendum on the merger of Baden and Württemberg into Baden-Württemberg in 1951 (accepted) and a referendum on the merger of Berlin and Brandenburg into Berlin-Brandenburg in 1996 (rejected).
Why are referendums not legal in Belgium?
Binding referendums in Belgium are not legally possible because of the constitutional principle that the country's powers are exercised by the nation and not by the people. Consequently, Belgium is a representative democracy, almost without any form of direct democracy .
How many people can vote in a referendum in Denmark?
In Denmark, after a law has been passed by parliament, one third of the members can demand a referendum. This does not apply to money bills or expropriation. A law that transfers sovereignty to an international organisation must be subjected to a referendum unless five-sixths of the MPs vote for it. In both cases, to defeat the law the no votes must not only outnumber the yes votes, they must also number at least 30% of the electorate. Since all referendums have had much more than 60% turnout, no bill has yet passed due to lack of interest.
Why did the 5 constituencies referendum happen?
Due to discontent towards the proposal of political reform made by the Hong Kong government, the Civic Party and the League of Social Democrats joined together to carry out "Five Constituencies Referendum" in early 2010, by having one Legislative Councillors (from either one of the parties) in each constituency resigned, forcing the government to carry out a by-election, thu s giving a chance for all voters to show their will towards universal suffrage and the abolition of functional constituencies. This is often called a " de facto referendum".
What is a referendum?
A referendum (in some countries synonymous with plebiscite, or a vote on a ballot question) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. This article summarises referendum laws and practice in various countries.
What is a binding referendum?
Binding referendum is mandatory if the President should be removed from office before the end of his term , and in case of comprehensive change of the Federal Constitution. Binding referendum is facultative (not mandatory) in case of non-comprehensive changes in the Federal Constitution. There was only one binding referendum in post-1945 Austria: European Union membership referendum .
How many constitutional amendments are there in Ireland?
The current Constitution of Ireland was adopted by plebiscite on 1 July 1937. In Ireland every constitutional amendment must be approved by referendum; 38 such referendums have occurred from the enactment of the current constitution to May 2019. Constitutional amendments are first adopted by both Houses of the Oireachtas (parliament), submitted to a referendum, and are signed into law by the President. The signature is merely a formality: the president cannot refuse to sign into law an amendment that has been approved in a referendum.
What type of referendum is required in West Germany?
One type is for enacting a new constitution. Changes to the constitution do not require a public vote and there is no provision for an initiative for a constitutional amendment. There has never been a referendum of this type, although there was an argument in that direction during German reunification. The other type requires a public vote in case of restructuring the Bundesländer i.e. States ("Neugliederung des Bundesgebietes", New Arrangement of the Federal Territory) which led to a number of effectless referendums to (re)create states or change the territory of a state. In addition there was a referendum on the merger of Baden and Württemberg into Baden-Württemberg in 1951 (accepted) and a referendum on the merger of Berlin and Brandenburg into Berlin-Brandenburg in 1996 (rejected).
Why are referendums not legal in Belgium?
Binding referendums in Belgium are not legally possible because of the constitutional principle that the country's powers are exercised by the nation and not by the people. Consequently, Belgium is a representative democracy, almost without any form of direct democracy .
How many people can vote in a referendum in Denmark?
In Denmark, after a law has been passed by parliament, one third of the members can demand a referendum. This does not apply to money bills or expropriation. A law that transfers sovereignty to an international organisation must be subjected to a referendum unless five-sixths of the MPs vote for it. In both cases, to defeat the law the no votes must not only outnumber the yes votes, they must also number at least 30% of the electorate. Since all referendums have had much more than 60% turnout, no bill has yet passed due to lack of interest.
