What kind of houses did the Algonquins live in?
The Algonquian lived in two different types of homes depending on which season it was. In the spring/summer they lived in wigwams, a dome-shaped hut or tent made by fastening mats, skins, or bark over a framework of poles.
What food did Algonquins eat?
What did the Algonquins eat? Mostly they hunted deer but they also hunted turkeys, bear, moose, and ducks. Sometimes they would also eat pigeons and crows. They hunted with bows that were made from oak, hickory or maple branches. How did the Abenaki get their food?
What weapons did the Algonquin Indians use?
- Dumoine Lake Band of Algonquin, (historical)
- Grassy Lake Band of Algonquin, (historical)
- Lac des Quinze Band of Algonquin, (historical)
What are the names of the Algonquin tribes?
- Kikapú ( Kiikaapoa / Kiikaapoi ): indigenous from southeast Michigan, United States, also in Coahuila, Mexico.
- Peoria (Illiniwek)
- Annishinabe Ojibwe (including the Saulteaux and Oji-Cree) of Minnesota, North Dakota, and Michigan, United States, as well as Ontario, Canada. ...
Where did the Algonquins settle?
Where did the word "algonquin" come from?
What were the crops that the Algonquins grew?
What was the toboggan used for in the winter?
What language do the Ojibwe speak?
How many Algonquin bands are there in Canada?
What ethnic group is Anicinàpek?
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About this website
What were the Algonquian known for?
The Algonquins were hunting people. They hunted for deer, moose, and small game, and went fishing in the rivers and lakes. Some Algonquin communities grew corn and squash in small gardens, but most Algonquins only got foods like those in trade with neighboring tribes.
What is the Algonquin culture?
The Algonquin lived in communities comprised of related patrilineal clans (meaning they followed the male line of descent). Clans were represented by animal totems such as Crane, Wolf, Bear, Loon and many others. The communities were egalitarian, with leadership provided by respected elders and heads of clans.
What did the Algonquin hunt?
They ate wild birds and game. The men hunted moose, caribou, beaver, otter, and other small animals. The women gathered nuts, greens, and berries. The women grew corn, beans, and squash.
Are the Algonquins still alive?
The Algonquin territories in Canada that remain today are organized into tribes and reservations known as First Nations. There are nine First Nations in Quebec, and one in Ontario. Of the approximate 8,000 plus Algonquins still living in Canada today, a mere 5,000 live on the First Nation Reservations.
What are some Algonquian traditions?
Algonquin Traditions. Each morning a Sunrise Ceremony was held at dawn around the sacred fire, which was kept burning throughout the gathering by a Firetender. People were free to offer sacred tobacco and their prayers to the fire at any time during the day or night.
Did Algonquins tattoo?
Algonquin, Niitsitapi (Blackfoot), Cherokee, Chippewa, Choctaw, Commanche, Cree, Creek, Crow, Haida, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Kiowa, Mandan, Nimíipuu (Nez Perce), Osage, Pawnee, Pima, Ponca, Tlingit, Winnebago and others all wore tattoos. They had meaning. Some were considered necessary for travel to the spirit world.
What did Algonquins farm?
Farming & Gathering Their main crop was corn, the most important food in their diet. It was celebrated in various ceremonies, including the Green Corn Ceremony. This took place in late summer, when the corn was ready to harvest.
How did Algonquins cook food?
The Algonquin Indians that lived on the coast had clambakes in which they ate clams, oysters, lobsters, mussels, and other shellfish. During these clambakes the Indians wrapped fish in seaweed then cooked it in a pit dug in the earth.
How did the Algonquins use their resources?
Hunting and fishing To feed themselves, the Algonquians relied on the resources of the forests, lakes and rivers on their territory. In the forests, they could hunt big game like moose, caribou and black bear. They could also find smaller game such as hare, beaver, squirrel, raccoon, and partridge.
What language did the Algonquin speak?
Algonquin (also spelled Algonkin; in Algonquin: Anicinàbemowin or Anishinàbemiwin) is either a distinct Algonquian language closely related to the Ojibwe language or a particularly divergent Ojibwe dialect. It is spoken, alongside French and to some extent English, by the Algonquin First Nations of Quebec and Ontario.
Who were the Algonquins enemies?
the FrenchWhile there, he participated in a Huron-Algonquin attack on the Oneida and Onondaga villages (these tribes were part of the Iroquois Nation Confederacy), confirming in the minds of the Iroquois (in case they still had doubts) that the French were their enemies.
What does the Algonquian mean?
Definition of Algonquian 1 usually Algonquin. a plural Algonquin or Algonquins : a First Nations people of the Ottawa River valley. b : the dialect of Ojibwa spoken by these people. 2 usually Algonquian. a : a family of languages spoken by Indigenous peoples from Labrador to Carolina and westward into the Great Plains.
Differences and Similarities between Iroquois and Algonquins
Differences and Similarities between Iroquois and Algonquins Gender Roles Cont. Gender Roles Chapter 11: Developing the Learner's Skills for Effective Inquiry: Examining Structured Thinking in Social Studies Iroquois: Yes or No? Professional Competencies Algonquian women are the
Native Americans: Algonquian Indians (Algonkian tribe, Algonquians ...
Information about the Algonkian Indians (Algonquians) for kids and other students. Covers 35 different Algonquian tribes from Long Island to California, including history, culture, clothing, villages, and legends of the Algonquian Indians.
Food & Shelter - The Algonquian Tribe
Most of the information was found at First Peoples of Canada .com & Native Languages of the Americans by Laura Redish and Orrin Lewis .Also some information was found at was found at Fact for kids : Algonquian Indians (Algonquians) & History Algonquian Nation This website was created by: Team Algonquian!!!
What did the Algonquin bands do in the summer?
During the winter, bands dispersed across the landscape to hunt terrestrial mammals. In the spring, some Algonquin bands tapped maple trees to make syrup.
What Native American tribes spoke Algonquian languages?
Native American: The mid-Atlantic Algonquians. The mid-Atlantic groups that spoke Algonquian languages were among the most populous and best-organized indigenous nations in Northern America... During colonization, the Algonquin became heavily involved in the fur trade.
Why were the Algonquins important to the Europeans?
They became allies of the French along with the Innu (Montagnais-Naskapi) and Huron-Wendat against the Haudenosaunee . In order to facilitate the fur trade , Algonquin groups made military and trade alliances with both Indigenous and French allies. Throughout this period, war with the Haudenosaunee and disease brought by European traders and missionaries decimated Algonquin communities, weakening their political and territorial influence. ( See also Epidemic .)
Where are the Algonquins from?
The Algonquin are Indigenous peoples that have traditionally occupied parts of western Quebec and Ontario, centr ing on the Ottawa River and its tributaries.
What was the Algonquin canoe?
Algonquin Canoe. The birchbark canoe of the Algonquin peoples was ideal for travel by rivers and lakes separated by narrow watersheds or portages. (artwork by Lewis Parker) The birchbark canoe of the Algonquin peoples was ideal for travel by rivers and lakes separated by narrow watersheds or portages. Moose Hunt.
What is the root of the word "Omàmiwinin"?
The word Omàmiwininì, the root of Omàmiwininìmowin, is often used by the community at large to describe Algonquin people in particular. The Algonquian linguistic group includes a number of languages, including those of the Atikamekw , Blackfoot , Cree , Wolastoqiyik , Mi’kmaq , Innu , Naskapi , Ojibwe and Oji-Cree.
What are the rights of the Algonquins?
The negotiations represent an acknowledgement that Algonquin people never signed a treaty with the Crown, and therefore are entitled to lay claim to land never surrendered.
Where are the Algonquins located?
(courtesy Victor Temprano/Native-Land.ca) The Algonquin are Indigenous peoples in Canada, whose home communities are located in western Quebec and adjacent Ontario , centring on the Ottawa River and its tributaries.
Did the Algonquins convert to Christianity?
Though many Algonquin people were converted to Christianity by missionaries , many Algonquin religious beliefs and customs persist. The underlying spirit or life force in many Algonquin oral histories is Manitou , a supernatural being that manifested in a number of different characters, including the Windigo , Wisakedjak and Nanabozo . ( See also Religion and Spirituality of Indigenous Peoples in Canada .)
What did the Algonquians do?
The Algonquians of New England such as the Piscataway, (who spoke Eastern Algonquian) practised a seasonal economy. The basic social unit was the village: a few hundred people related by a clan kinship structure. Villages were temporary and mobile.
What is the Algonquin language?
For the "Algonquin" of Quebec and Ontario, see Algonquin people. Native North American ethnic group. Pre-contact distribution of Algonquian languages. The Algonquian are one of the most populous and widespread North American native language groups. Historically, the peoples were prominent along the Atlantic Coast and into the interior along ...
What did the New England natives eat?
By using various kinds of native corn (maize), beans and squash, southern New England natives were able to improve their diet to such a degree that their population increased and they reached a density of 287 people per 100 square miles as opposed to 41 in the north.
What was the leaning of the New England tribes in February?
February and March were lean times. The tribes in southern New England and other northern latitudes had to rely on cached food. Northerners developed a practice of going hungry for several days at a time. Historians hypothesize that this practice kept the population down, according to Liebig's law of the minimum.
What did the Longhouses do in the winter?
In the winter, they erected the more substantial longhouses, in which more than one clan could reside . They cached food supplies in more permanent, semi-subterranean structures. In the spring, when the fish were spawning, they left the winter camps to build villages at coastal locations and waterfalls.
Where did the Algonquian people live?
At the time of the first European settlements in North America, Algonquian peoples occupied what is now New Brunswick, and much of what is now Canada east of the Rocky Mountains; what is now New England, New Jersey, southeastern New York, Delaware and down the Atlantic Coast through the Upper South; and around the Great Lakes in present-day Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana and Iowa. The homeland of the Algonquian peoples is not known. At the time of the European arrival, the hegemonic Iroquois Confederacy, based in present-day New York and Pennsylvania, was regularly at war with Algonquian neighbours.
Where was the Iroquois Confederacy based?
At the time of the European arrival, the hegemonic Iroquois Confederacy, based in present-day New York and Pennsylvania, was regularly at war with Algonquian neighbours.
What is the Algonquin culture?
5. Description. The Algonquin people are a group of First Nations aboriginals, who live mostly in the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario.
Where are the Algonquins today?
Notable communities with significant proportions of Algonquins living there today include Greater Golden Lake, Mattawa/North Bay, Ottawa, and Snimikobi. These people are continuously working on arriving at a unified approach to reach settlements that grant them more property within their ancestral homelands. With increased land rights, they feel that they can live more easily peacefully with their families, and practice their traditional ways amidst a modern world.
What were the Algonquins' priorities?
Nonetheless, securing warm shelters to live in during the cold winter season was just as much a priority for the Algonquins as was finding nourishment.
What was the Algonquin clothing made of?
The Algonquin peoples' clothing was made mostly out of animal skins and fur, which were tanned by smoking. Deerskin was quite popular in those days, not only because deer were abundant, but also because the clothes they made from them were comfortable and long lasting. 1. Threats.
Where did the Algonquins live?
Algonquins lived throughout this region of Canada for thousands of years before the first contact with Europeans was made in 1603. By 1610, some indigenous Algonquin peoples helped the French settlers make their way inland on their quest for animal furs. During this time, the Algonquin were at war with the Iroquois, who were allied with the British, and requested help from the French in order to continue assisting them with the fur trade. This alliance resulted in ongoing attacks among the Iroquois, the French, and the Algonquin.
What language do people in Ontario speak?
A smaller population lives on a reservation in Ontario. Traditionally, these individuals speak the Algonquin language , which is closely related to the Ojibwe language and belongs to the Algonquian language family.
What did the Algonquins do after the British took over Canada?
After the British took over the colonial rule of Canada, their officials sought to make allies of the First Nations. Fighting on behalf of the British Crown, the Algonquins took part in the Barry St Leger campaign during the American Revolutionary War.
Where was the Algonquin tribe?
The Algonquin tribe was a small tribe in northern Michigan and Canada that was forced further north after the formation of the Iroquois League. The confusion between the Algonquin tribe and the Algonquian peoples is that the Algonquian peoples refer to all the Algonquian speaking natives in North America. This language included a large number of ...
What did Champlain need to cultivate relationships with?
Champlain needed to cultivate relationships with numerous chiefs and clan leaders. From 1603, some of the Algonquin allied with the French under Champlain.
What was the Mohawk Nation?
The Mohawk Nation was then considered one of the Seven Nations of Canada. Algonquin warriors continued to fight in alliance with France until the British conquest of Quebec in 1760 during the Seven Years’ War.
What was Champlain's first expedition?
This alliance proved useful to the Algonquin, who previously had little to no access to European firearms. Champlain made his first exploration of the Ottawa River during May 1613 and reached the fortified Kitcisìpirini village at Morrison Island.
Did the Algonquins gain the land they lost?
The Algonquins continued their fur trade, but they never gained the land they lost back. Soon the Iroquois became too powerful and would remain until the expansion of the United States. However, the Algonquin still managed to have a successful economy and remained mobile and willing to trade with the other tribes.
Did Champlain understand the Algonquins?
Champlain did not understand that the Algonquins were socially united by a strong totem/clan system rather than the European-styled political concept of nationhood. The several Algonquin bands each had its own chief. Within each band, the chief depended on political approval from each of the band’s clan leaders.
Where did the Algonquins settle?
Starting in 1721, many Christian Algonquins began to settle for the summer at Kahnesatake, near Oka. The Mohawk Nation was then considered one of the Seven Nations of Canada. Algonquin warriors continued to fight in alliance with France until the British conquest of Quebec in 1760, during the Seven Years' War. After the British took over colonial rule of Canada, their officials sought to make allies of the First Nations. Fighting on behalf of the British Crown, the Algonquins took part in the Barry St Leger campaign during the American Revolutionary War .
Where did the word "algonquin" come from?
Though known by several names in the past, such as Algoumequin (at the time of Samuel de Champlain),the most common term "Algonquin" has been suggested to derive from the Maliseet word elakómkwik ( IPA:
What were the crops that the Algonquins grew?
Notable indigenous crops historically farmed by Algonquins are the sunflower and tobacco.
What was the toboggan used for in the winter?
During winter, toboggans were used to transport material , and people used snowshoes to get around. The women used tikinaagan (cradleboards) to carry their babies. It was built with wood and covered with an envelope made of leather or material. The baby was standing up with his feet resting on a small board.
What language do the Ojibwe speak?
They speak the Algonquin language, a divergent dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is part of the Algonquian language family. Culturally and linguistically, they are closely related to the Odawa, Potawatomi, Ojibwe, and Oji-Cree, with whom they form the larger Anicinàpe (Anishinaabeg). The Algonquin people call themselves Omàmiwinini (plural: ...
How many Algonquin bands are there in Canada?
The nine Algonquin bands in that province and one in Ontario have a combined population of about 11,000. The Algonquin are original natives of southern Quebec and eastern Ontario in Canada. Today they live in nine communities in Quebec and one in Ontario.
What ethnic group is Anicinàpek?
Related ethnic groups. Anicinàpek ( Nipissing, Ojibwa, Mississaugas, Saulteaux, Odawa, Potawatomi, and Oji-Cree) Algonquin territory circa 1800 in green. Algonquin people are an Indigenous people of Eastern Canada. They speak the Algonquin language, a divergent dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is part of the Algonquian language family.
Overview
The Algonquin people are an Indigenous people of Eastern Canada. They speak the Algonquin language, which is part of the Algonquian language family. Culturally and linguistically, they are closely related to the Odawa, Potawatomi, Ojibwe (including Oji-Cree), Mississauga and Nipissing, with whom they form the larger Anicinàpe (Anishinaabeg). Algonquins call themselves Omàmiwinini (plur…
French contact
Algonquin first met Europeans when Samuel de Champlain came upon a party led by the Kitcisìpirini Chief Tessouat at Tadoussac, in eastern present-day Quebec, in the summer of 1603. They were celebrating a recent victory over the Iroquois, with the allied Montagnais and Etchemins (Malecite). Champlain did not understand that Algonquins were socially united by a strong totem/clan sys…
French-Indian War/Seven Years' War
The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) drove Algonquins from their lands. The Haudenosaunee were aided by having been traded arms by the Dutch, and later by the English. The Haudenosaunee and the English defeated the French and Algonquins in the 1620s, and, led by Sir David Kirke, occupied New France.
In 1623, having realized the occupation of New France demonstrated French colonial vulnerabilit…
History 18th Century to Present
The Lake of Two Mountains band of Algonquins were located just west of the Island of Montreal, and were signatories to the Great Peace of Montreal in 1701. The Sulpician Mission of the Mountain was founded at Montreal in 1677.
In 1717, the King of France granted the Mohawk in Quebec a tract of land 9 miles long by 9 miles wide about 40 miles to the northwest of Montreal, under the condition that they leave the island …
Economy
Historical Algonquin society was largely hunting and fishing-based. Being primarily a hunting nation, the people emphasized mobility. They used materials that were light and easy to transport. Canoes were made of birch bark, sewed with spruce roots and rendered waterproof by the application of heated spruce resin and bear grease. During winter, toboggans were used to transport material, and people used snowshoes to get around. The women used tikinaagan (cradleboards) …
Ethnobotany
Algonquins of Quebec gather the berries of Ribes glandulosum and Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides as food, and eat and sell the fruit of Vaccinium myrtilloides. They take an infusion of Epigaea repens leaves for kidney disorders and apply a poultice of the gum or needles of Abies balsamea to open sores, insect bites, boils and infections. The needles are a sudatory for women after childbirth and are infused for a laxative tea, while the roots treat heart disease.
Modern events
In recent years, tensions with the lumber industry have flared up again among Algonquin communities, in response to the practice of clear-cutting.
In Ontario, an Algonquin land claim has been ongoing since 1983, encompassing much of the southeastern part of the province, stretching from near North Bay to near Hawkesbury and including Ottawa, Pembroke, and most of Algonquin Provincial Park. The Algonquins never relinquished titl…
Communities
At the time of their first meeting with the French in 1603, the various Algonquin bands probably had a combined population somewhere in the neighborhood of 6,000. The British estimate in 1768 was 1,500. As of 2000, there are close to 8,000 Algonquins in Canada, organized into ten separate First Nations: nine in Quebec and one in Ontario.
Algonquian Nations documented as early as 1630:
Population and Territory
Pre-Contact Life
Society and Culture
Language
Religion and Spirituality
Colonial History
- The Algonquin have been known to Europeans since 1603,when Samuelde Champlain encountered them with a number of allies at Tadoussac.They became allies of the French along with the Innu(Montagnais-Naskapi) and Huron-Wendat againstthe Haudenosaunee.In order to facilitate the fur trade,Algonquin groups made mi…
Contemporary Life