List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Warren Court
| Case name | Citation | Summary |
| Kramer v. Union School District | 395 U.S. 621 (1969) | right to vote in a special election dist ... |
| Lear, Inc. v. Adkins | 395 U.S. 653 (1969) | overturning the doctrine of licensee est ... |
| Chimel v. California | 395 U.S. 752 (1969) | search and seizure incident to arrest |
| Benton v. Maryland | 395 U.S. 784 (1969) | double jeopardy |
Full Answer
What was the Warren Court in the United States?
Warren Court. Jump to navigation Jump to search. The Warren Court was the period in the history of the Supreme Court of the United States during which Earl Warren served as Chief Justice. Warren replaced the deceased Fred M. Vinson as Chief Justice in 1953, and Warren remained in office until he retired in 1969.
What cases did Warren Court decide during his tenure?
This is a partial chronological list of cases decided by the United States Supreme Court during Warren Court, the tenure of Chief Justice Earl Warren from October 5, 1953 through June 23, 1969. Toolson v. New York Yankees, Inc. Wilko v. Swan Brown v.
What was the significance of the Brown v Warren case?
The Brown decision of 1954 marked, in dramatic fashion, the radical shift in the Court's – and the nation's – priorities from issues of property rights to civil liberties. Under Warren the courts became an active partner in governing the nation, although still not coequal.
How did the Warren Court affect the Civil Rights Movement?
Unlike any court before or since, the Warren Court dramatically expanded civil rights and civil liberties, as well as the powers of the judiciary and the federal government . The term Warren Court refers to the U.S. Supreme Court as led by Chief Justice Earl Warren from October 5, 1953, to June 23, 1969.
What cases did the Warren Court do?
Some of the landmark decisions by the Warren Court include: Brown v. Board of Education (racial segregation), Gideon v. Wainwright (right to counsel), Baker v. Carr (election law), Reynolds v.
In which case did the Warren Court establish a constitutional?
The Warren Court oversaw Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), which established the constitutional right to privacy.
What did the Warren Court do quizlet?
The Warren Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States between 1965 and 1969, when Earl Warren served as chief justice. Warren led a liberal majority that used judicial power in dramatic fashion, to the consternation of conservative opponents.
Which case did the Warren Court rule on whether public schools could require prayer?
In Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962), the Supreme Court ruled that school-sponsored prayer in public schools violated the establishment clause of the First Amendment.
What impact did the Warren Court have on US constitutional law?
The Warren Court effectively ended racial segregation in U.S. public schools, expanded the constitutional rights of defendants, ensured equal representation in state legislatures, outlawed state-sponsored prayer in public schools, and paved the way for the legalization of abortion.
What impact did the Warren Court have on US constitutional law quizlet?
The Warren Court made some dramatic changes in judicial power and philosophy in the history of the American judiciary, the Court expanded civil rights and liberties, judicial power, and the federal power. The court moved left. Trial was not a capital case so he would not be provided with an attorney.
How did the Warren Court expanded the 1st amendment?
The court ruled that under the First Amendment, if an employee can prove their religious conflicts, they are protected by law in cases of discrimination. Religious freedom was also put to the test in the case of free exercise in the public schools.
What happened in the Miranda vs Arizona case?
In a 5-4 Supreme Court decision Miranda v. Arizona (1966) ruled that an arrested individual is entitled to rights against self-discrimination and to an attorney under the 5th and 6th Amendments of the United States Constitution. Miranda v.
What was the Warren Court?
The Warren Court was the period from October 5, 1953, to June 23, 1969, during which Earl Warren served as chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Along with the Marshall Court of Chief Justice John Marshall from 1801 to 1835, the Warren Court is remembered as one of the two most impactful periods in American constitutional law.
What amendment did Warren Court use to end segregation?
Today, the Warren Court is hailed and criticized for ending racial segregation in the United States, liberally applying the Bill of Rights through the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment , and ending state-sanctioned prayer in public schools.
What was Chief Justice Warren famous for?
Best known for his ability to manage the Supreme Court and win the support of his fellow justices, Chief Justice Warren was famous for wielding judicial power to force major social changes.
How many terms did Warren serve as governor of California?
He remains the only governor of California to be elected to three consecutive terms.
When did Warren retire?
In March 1954, the full Senate confirmed Warren’s appointment by acclamation. Warren retired from the Supreme Court in June 1968 and died five years later on July 9, 1974, cardiac arrest at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Which court expanded the scope of the First Amendment?
In two landmark decisions that continue to spark controversy today, the Warren Court expanded the scope of the First Amendment by applying its protections to the actions of the states.
Where was Earl Warren born?
Brief Biography of Earl Warren. Earl Warren was born on March 19, 1891, in Los Angele, California. In 1914, he graduated from the University of California, Berkeley School of Law and began his legal career in Oakland.
What was the Warren Court?
The Warren Court expanded civil rights, civil liberties, judicial power, and the federal power in dramatic ways. It has been widely recognized that the court, led by the liberal bloc, has created a major " Constitutional Revolution " in the history of United States.
What were the decisions of the Warren Court?
Important decisions during the Warren Court years included decisions holding segregation policies in public schools ( Brown v. Board of Education) and anti-miscegenation laws unconstitutional ( Loving v. Virginia ); ruling that the Constitution protects a general right to privacy ( Griswold v. Connecticut ); that states are bound by the decisions of the Supreme Court and cannot ignore them ( Cooper v. Aaron ); that public schools cannot have official prayer ( Engel v. Vitale) or mandatory Bible readings ( Abington School District v. Schempp ); the scope of the doctrine of incorporation ( Mapp v. Ohio, Miranda v. Arizona) was dramatically increased; reading an equal protection clause into the Fifth Amendment ( Bolling v. Sharpe ); holding that the states may not apportion a chamber of their legislatures in the manner in which the United States Senate is apportioned ( Reynolds v. Sims ); and holding that the Constitution requires active compliance ( Gideon v. Wainwright ).
What was the Warren Court's decision in Engel v. Vitale?
The Warren Court also sought to expand the scope of application of the First Amendment. The Court's decision outlawing mandatory school prayer in Engel v. Vitale (1962) brought vehement complaints by conservatives that echoed into the 21st century.
What was the Brown decision?
The Brown decision was a powerful moral statement. His biographer concludes, "If Warren had not been on the Court, the Brown decision might not have been unanimous and might not have generated a moral groundswell that was to contribute to the emergence of the civil rights movement of the 1960s.
What was Warren's view of the law?
Warren brought a strong belief in the remedial power of law. According to historian Bernard Schwartz, Warren's view of the law was pragmatic, seeing it as an instrument for obtaining equity and fairness.
How many terms did Warren serve?
One of the primary factors in Warren's leadership was his political background, having served two and a half terms as Governor of California (1943–1953) and experience as the Republican candidate for vice president in 1948 (as running mate of Thomas E. Dewey ).
What was the first case that banned segregation in public schools?
Brown v. Board of Education 347 U.S. 483 (1954) banned the segregation of public schools. The very first case put Warren's leadership skills to an extraordinary test. The Legal Defense Fund of the NAACP (a small legal group formed for tax reasons from the much better known NAACP) had been waging a systematic legal fight against the "separate but equal" doctrine enunciated in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and finally had challenged Plessy in a series of five related cases, which had been argued before the Court in the spring of 1953. However the justices had been unable to decide the issue and asked to rehear the case in fall 1953, with special attention to whether the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause prohibited the operation of separate public schools for whites and blacks.
How long did the Warren Court last?
The Warren Court lasted from October 1953 until June 1969, during the presidencies of Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. Earl Warren received a recess appointment for Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from President Dwight D. Eisenhower on October 2, 1953. On January 11, 1954, he was nominated to ...
When did Earl Warren serve as Chief Justice?
Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. Earl Warren received a recess appointment for Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from President Dwight D. Eisenhower on October 2, 1953.
What was the conflict between the Brown v Board of Education and the Vinson Court?
Board of Education (1954) In a continuation of the trial heard by The Vinson Court, the conflict of whether or not "separate but equal" was constitutional was finally decided. When Oliver Brown, an African-American, tried to enroll his daughter into a white school in Kansas, he was denied.
Why was the search and seizure evidence permissible in court?
The Court found that the search and seizure evidence was permissible in court because the officers acted on deductive reasoning rather than "a hunch.". Because the searches were limited and necessary for the protection of the officers, it was allowable.
When was Warren appointed to the Senate?
On January 11, 1954, he was nominated to the same position by Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was confirmed by the Senate on March 1, 1954, and received commission on March 20, 1954. Warren assumed senior status on June 23, 1969, and served until his death on July 9, 1974.
How long was Gideon in prison?
Gideon represented himself and lost. He was sentenced to five years in prison. In prison he filed a habeas corpus petition in the Florida Supreme Court. When his case made it to the Supreme Court, they had to determine whether or not it was unconstitutional to refuse him counsel.
What case did the Warren Court rule on?
In Reynolds v.
Why did people scrutinize the court system during the Warren administration?
Many people scrutinized the court system during this period because they felt that Warren and the other justices were implementing laws and not ruling properly on cases. Politicians and citizens felt the court system had become too liberal.
What were the landmark decisions of the Supreme Court?
The court's landmark decisions, which are still in place today, included overturning segregation laws, upholding voters' rights, ensuring the right to counsel, and ruling that it was unconstitutional for a state to regulate birth control. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Create your account.
What was the name of the court that changed civil rights?
One of those eras in history that changed civil rights, for the better, is known as the Warren Court, the period from 1953 to 1969 when Earl Warren served as chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
What was the purpose of the Ferguson decision?
Ferguson in 1896, which had made it constitutional to segregate facilities such as schools and trains. The justices' decision in Brown v. Board of Education later initiated the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voter's Rights Act of 1965.
When did the Supreme Court decide that it was unconstitutional to have separate public schools for black and white students?
Board of Education. The Supreme Court justices decided in 1954 that it was unconstitutional to have separate public schools for black and white students. The Warren Court's decision overruled the Supreme Court's previous decision in Plessey v.
Which court ruled that it is unconstitutional to ask for a list of patients using birth control?
Connecticut, in which the Warren Court ruled it is unconstitutional to ask for a list of patients using birth control, on the grounds of violating the right to marital privacy. The Warren Court made many decisions from 1953 to 1969 when Earl Warren was chief justice.
What did the court say about Plessey v Ferguson?
The state argued that Plessey v Ferguson had set the precedent and that the laws was clear on this point . The court affirmed the position of Marshall and the Brown family and overturned the precedent set by the Plessey decision. Justice Earl Warren claimed that "in the eyes of the law, justice was color-blind.".
What was the Supreme Court ruling on the case of Escobedo?
The Court extended the "exclusionary rule" to illegal confessions and ruled that Escobedo's confession should not have been allowed in as evidence.
Why was Mapp convicted?
Mapp was convicted of this crime. Ms.. Mapp appealed her conviction on the grounds that the search of her home was in violation of her rights. The court ruled that the evidence obtained in the search was inadmissable because it was seized in an illegal search.
Why did Gideon ask for a lawyer?
Gideon, an ex con, was too poor to pay for a lawyer and asked the court to appoint one for him. The court refused to grant his request stating that lawyers were only provided for those accused of committing capital crimes like murder, rape, etc. Gideon was tried and was forced to defend himself.
What did Betts do before he was convicted?
Prior to his trial, he asked for counsel to represent him. This request was denied and he was soon convicted. While incarcerated, Betts filed a habeas corpus petition in the lower courts. After they rejected his petitions, he filed a certiorari petition with the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear his case.
What did Gideon do while in prison?
While in Prison Gideon hand wrote a plea to the Supreme Court and was granted a hearing. At this point he received representation from lawyers who were attracted to his case. Gideon argued that his right to a fair trial was violated. Gideon's position was upheld.
What are the rights of citizens?
How did the Warren Court use judicial review to protect the rights of citizens? 1 Amendment 1: freedom of religion, separation of church and state; freedoms of speech, press, assembly, petition the govt. 2 Amendment 2: Right to bear arms 3 Amendment 4: Protection against unreasonable search and seizure 4 Amendment 5: Capital crimes charges must be leveled by a grand jury, no self incrimination. 5 Amendment 6: Fair and speedy jury trial, right to have the assistance of counsel for defense. 6 Amendment 7: Trial by jury in civil suits exceeding 20 dollars. 7 Amendment 8: No excessive bail, no cruel and unusual punishment. 8 Amendment 14: Equal protection under the law, due process of law.
Overview
Further reading
• Atkins, Burton M. and Terry Sloope. "The 'New' Hugo Black and the Warren Court," Polity, Apr 1986, Vol. 18#4 pp 621–637; argues that in the 1960s Black moved to the right on cases involving civil liberties, civil rights, and economic liberalism.
• Ball, Howard, and Phillip Cooper. "Fighting Justices: Hugo L. Black and William O. Douglas and Supreme Court Conflict," American Journal of Legal History, Jan 1994, Vol. 38#1 pp 1–37
Membership
The Warren Court began on October 5, 1953, when President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren, the incumbent governor of California, to replace Fred Vinson as Chief Justice of the United States. The court began with Warren, Hugo Black, Stanley Forman Reed, Felix Frankfurter, William O. Douglas, Robert H. Jackson, Harold Hitz Burton, Tom C. Clark, and Sherman Minton.
Jackson died in 1954 and Minton retired in 1956, and they were replaced by John Marshall Harla…
Other branches
Presidents during this court included Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Richard Nixon. Congresses during this court included 83rd through the 91st United States Congresses.
Warren's leadership
One of the primary factors in Warren's leadership was his political background, having served two and a half terms as Governor of California (1943–1953) and experience as the Republican candidate for vice president in 1948 (as running mate of Thomas E. Dewey). Warren brought a strong belief in the remedial power of law. According to historian Bernard Schwartz, Warren's view of the law was pragmatic, seeing it as an instrument for obtaining equity and fairness. Schwartz …
Vision
Professor John Hart Ely in his book Democracy and Distrust famously characterized the Warren Court as a "Carolene Products Court". This referred to the famous Footnote Four in United States v. Carolene Products, in which the Supreme Court had suggested that heightened judicial scrutiny might be appropriate in three types of cases:
Historically significant decisions
Important decisions during the Warren Court years included decisions holding segregation policies in public schools (Brown v. Board of Education) and anti-miscegenation laws unconstitutional (Loving v. Virginia); ruling that the Constitution protects a general right to privacy (Griswold v. Connecticut); that states are bound by the decisions of the Supreme Court and cannot ignore the…
Warren's role
Warren took his seat January 11, 1954, on a recess appointment by President Eisenhower; the Senate confirmed him six weeks later. Despite his lack of judicial experience, his years in the Alameda County district attorney's office and as state attorney general gave him far more knowledge of the law in practice than most other members of the Court had. Warren's greatest asset, what made him in the eyes of many of his admirers "Super Chief," was his political skill in …