What were the causes of the Deccan riot?
The ryots systematically attacked the moneylender’s house and shops. The debt bonds, decree, and other documents in possession of moneylenders were seized and burnt publicly. In 1877, the government constituted the Deccan Riot inquiry commission. The commission reported that poverty and indebtedness were the main cause of the revolt.
What are the riots of special interest to the social historian?
The riots are of special interest to the social historian since they hinged upon relations between two important and well defined rural social groups, namely, the cultivators and the moneylenders. This paper will focus on the social changes which precipitated this conflict.
Why was the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act of 1879?
In 1897, the government passed the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act of 1879 to pacify the movement and protect farmers against moneylenders. In 1879, Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadke launched a violent campaign against colonial rule, aiming to drive them out and establish an Indian republic.
What was the cause of the Supa riots?
The first riot broke out in Supa village in Pune district on 12th May 1875, and spread to several other villages. The cultivators broke into the homes of the sahukars, vandalised the houses and burnt all their documents and accounts. Their goal was to destroy evidence of their debt.
What were the Deccan riots?
What was the purpose of the Deccan Riots of 1875?
How did Indian agriculture affect the world economy?
What law was passed in 1859 to limit the validity of bonds?
Why did the British start importing and securing cotton from India?
What was the purpose of the Manchester Cotton Company?
Who was the Indian nationalist who fought against colonial rule?
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About this website
Who headed Deccan Riots Commission?
In 1879, Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadke launched a violent campaign against colonial rule, aiming to drive them out and establish an Indian republic.
Why did the government Pressurise the Bombay province to appoint Deccan Riots Commission?
It was due to the moneylenders. This argument is found in colonial records very frequently. The report showed that the colonial government was reluctant in admitting that public dissatisfaction was ever caused by government action.
Which of the following statement about the Deccan Riots Commission is are correct?
The commission produced a report that was presented to the British Parliament in 1878. The commission held enquiries in the districts where the riots spread, not in unaffected districts. Hence statement 1 is correct.
What was the principal product of Deccan?
Answer. Answer: Farming was the principle product of Deccan..
Why did the Deccan Riots occur Class 8?
The Deccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage (kamiuti) to moneylenders. The rioters' specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds, decrees, and other documents in the possession of the moneylenders. The peasants began a systematic attack on the moneylenders' houses and shops.
When was the Deccan agriculturalists Relief Act passed?
18791 (1) of the Dekkhan Agriculturists' Relief Act, 1882 (22 of 1882 ). The Acts of 1879 to 1882 and Act 23 of 1886 may be cited collectively as the Dekkhan Agriculturists' Relief Acts, 1879 to 1886 - - see s.
Who was the main target of the Deccan Riots of 1875?
May 1875, in Supa, a village near Poona, a peasant uprising against moneylenders was documented for the first time in the Deccan. Riots have been reported in around 30 villages of the cities of Poona and Ahmednagar. The unrest was mostly directed at Gujarat moneylenders.
Why did the authority introduce the Deccan Land Act?
The cultivators' distress resulted from falling agricultural prices, heavy taxation, and a sense of political powerlessness. The commercialization of agriculture under British land revenue policies burdened small peasants by placing a premium on access to credit to finance productive investments in the land.
Why Deccan Riots were angry against the moneylenders?
Following were the main reasons of anger of the Deccan ryots against the moneylenders: (i) Moneylenders refused to extend loans to ryots. Ryots felt that moneylenders were insensitive to their plight and miserable conditions. (ii) Moneylenders were disobeying the traditional norms of rural areas.
Why is Deccan called Deccan?
The name Deccan is derived from the Sanskrit word 'dâkshin', meaning “south.” The west-central parts of the Indian peninsula are dominated by flood basalts which form a prominent terraced landscape; this form of flood basalt is called 'trap', after the Dutch-Swedish word 'trappa', meaning 'stairs'.
Who was architect of Deccan policy?
Mughal Empire & The Deccan The Deccan was incorporated into the Mughal Empire, and although previous emperors had policies for the Deccan, it was Emperor Aurangzeb's policies that would plant the seed of the Mughal Empire's decline. Let's take a closer look at Aurangzeb and his Deccan Policy.
Who was the leader of Deccan Education Society?
Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar started the Deccan Education Society in 1884 in Pune. They embarked on a path that would lead to a new awakening and salvation through social transformation.
Why did the authority introduce the Deccan Land Act?
The cultivators' distress resulted from falling agricultural prices, heavy taxation, and a sense of political powerlessness. The commercialization of agriculture under British land revenue policies burdened small peasants by placing a premium on access to credit to finance productive investments in the land.
Who was targeted during the Deccan Riots?
TheDeccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage to moneylenders. The rioters' specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds, decrees, and other documents in the possession of the moneylenders.
Why Deccan Riots were angry against the moneylenders?
Following were the main reasons of anger of the Deccan ryots against the moneylenders: (i) Moneylenders refused to extend loans to ryots. Ryots felt that moneylenders were insensitive to their plight and miserable conditions. (ii) Moneylenders were disobeying the traditional norms of rural areas.
What was the intention of the Deccan Land Act?
The aim of the Deccan agricultural relief act: It claimed to be owed to the claimant for the recovery of cash. Many farmers should be prosecuted and tried in a court, and it should be within the jurisdiction's territorial boundaries and not elsewhere.
Deccan Riots of 1875 | Deccan Riots Commission - Current Affairs - India
The first revenue settlement in the Bombay Deccan was made in the 1820s. The revenue that was demanded was so high that in many places peasants deserted their villages and migrated to new regions.
Agrarian Unrest: The Deccan Riots of 1875 | MANAS
Vinay Lal. Though the surrender of Delhi to British forces, in less than a year after the rebels had first captured it, and the containment of the rebellion in the Punjab pointed to the reassertion of British authority, it was not until 1859-60 that the last pockets of resistance to British rule were destroyed.
Tribal Revolts in the 18th and 19th Centuries - NCERT Modern History Notes
Tribal people had been living in peace with nature for a very long time before the British started to enter their lands. Candidates can read other NCERT Notes on History of Modern India to prepare for UPSC IAS Prelims and Mains exam.. The Britishers started interrupting the tribal lifestyle which caused anger among the tribals.
Pabna Revolt - An agrarian Revolt (1873-76) - Sansar Lochan in English
Anti-moneylender riots were also in Bengal (except in tribal pockets), for here too the mahajan was often the local rich peasant or jotedar whose credit in any case was quite indispensable for production.The zamindar in contrast had virtually no productive role, and claims to “high landlordism” led to wid-spread resistance by substantial raiytats in large parts of east Bengal in the 1870s ...
Peasant Movements in the 19th Century - BYJUS
NCERT Notes: Peasant Movements in the 19th Century - Deccan Riots of 1875; Deccan riots UPSC; peasant movements of 19th century; peasant movements in India UPSC. For IAS 2022 preparation, follow BYJU'S
What were the Deccan riots?
Deccan Riots. In May and June 1875, peasants of Maharashtra in some parts of Pune and Ahmednagar districts revolted against increasing agrarian distress. The Deccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage (kamiuti) to moneylenders.
What was the purpose of the Deccan Riots of 1875?
The rioters' specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds, decrees, and other documents in the possession of the moneylenders. The peasants began a systematic attack on the moneylenders’ houses and shops.
How did Indian agriculture affect the world economy?
As Indian agriculture was drawn into the world economy, credit, commerce, inequality and growth were interrelated. The cultivators' distress resulted from falling agricultural prices, heavy taxation, and a sense of political powerlessness. The commercialization of agriculture under colonial land revenue policies burdened small peasants by placing a premium on access to credit to finance productive investments in the land. Employing capital advanced by European merchants, local moneylenders obtained unlimited title to the property and labor of their debtors; it gave them the "power to utterly ruin and enslave the debtor." During the 19th century, they used this power to control peasant labour, and not their land, which was of little value without people to work it.
What law was passed in 1859 to limit the validity of bonds?
In 1859, the colonial government passed Limitation Law that reduced validity of bonds for 3 years. This could limit the money paid by the peasants to the moneylenders. But, moneylenders started signing new bond for 3 years and at expiry signed new bond. Hence, it fuelled rebellion and riots.
Why did the British start importing and securing cotton from India?
British merchants started importing and securing cotton from India to maintain the cotton exports. So, they started giving advances to Indian moneylenders who turned this into debts for ryot. Ryots in demand boom took a lot of credit and sometime forcefully given credit and made to sign bonds and deeds.
What was the purpose of the Manchester Cotton Company?
British cotton manufacturers established Manchester Cotton Company in 1859 to encourage cotton exports. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, the imports from America fell miserably. British merchants started importing and securing cotton from India to maintain the cotton exports. So, they started giving advances to Indian moneylenders who turned this into debts for ryot. Ryots in demand boom took a lot of credit and sometime forcefully given credit and made to sign bonds and deeds. The moneylenders used deceit and fraud to extract as much advantage as possible in this economic condition. After the civil war, the cotton demands fell drastically and moneylenders started recovering their money by charging high interests from ryots. Most of the time the ryots failed to pay back the debt and they were evicted from lands and lands were sold. This infuriated ryots who started violent protest against devious and deceitful moneylenders. They complained to authorities for grievance redressal. In 1859, the colonial government passed Limitation Law that reduced validity of bonds for 3 years. This could limit the money paid by the peasants to the moneylenders. But, moneylenders started signing new bond for 3 years and at expiry signed new bond. Hence, it fuelled rebellion and riots.
Who was the Indian nationalist who fought against colonial rule?
Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadke launched a violent campaign against colonial rule in 1879, aiming to establish an Indian republic by driving them out. However, his insurrection met with limited success. Someone betrayed Phadke to claim a bounty offered by the colonial government; he was arrested and deported to Aden, where he died of a hunger strike in 1883.
What did Florence Nightingale write about the Deccan Riots Commission?
Writing on the “utter demoralization of two races” in India, “the race that borrows and the race that lends”, in a major English periodical just a few years after the riots, Florence Nightingale lamented that no one in England took any interest in the affairs of India. No one in Britain seemed much aware of the Deccan Riots Commission and the laborious report produced by its members: “No one Englishman in Parliament or press has asked the result. There is not a single Member of Parliament who has called for it. We do not care for the people of India.” [note 7] Nightingale did not indicate whether she would have been informed about the agrarian and debt crisis in the Deccan had not the report of the commission come to her attention. While she deplored the lack of interest in the commission’s findings, Nightingale herself quoted from the report copiously, adverting to the hold of the money-lender over the cultivator and the destitution of the peasantry as a consequence of British laws, which gave encouragement to usury, not to manufacture or trade. [note 8] But if there was nothing altogether exceptional about these riots, as Charlesworth has argued, why at all was a commission of inquiry appointed? Charlesworth has suggested that the politics of the riot committee merits analysis. One of the committee’s four members was an official from the United Provinces (U.P.), and he could be “expected to support reforms which acknowledged the shortcomings of the principles by which western India had been governed.” [note 9] The U.P. and Bombay governments were engaged in serious disagreements over the respective merits of their revenue and administrative systems, and disturbances in the Deccan may have given the U.P. government the very evidence it required of the purported inadequacies of the Bombay administration. Thus, despite the committee’s apparent interest in the riots, politics may have had a greater role to play in its deliberations.
What was the Deccan Riots Commission?
The Deccan Riots Commission can, quite reasonably, be considered as of a piece with commissions generally appointed to investigate agrarian distress, the condition of the peasantry, and land tenures and reforms. The commissioners’ attention was riveted less on the riots than on the agrarian conditions which had given rise to turbulence.
Who wrote the People of India?
Florence Nightingale, “The People of India”, The Nineteenth Century 18 (August 1878): 211-2.
When was the petition from the ryots of Indapur dated?
Petition from the ryots of Indapur to the Bombay Government, dated 15 February, 1875, BA, RD (1875), Vol. 106.
What is the meaning of the word "advaita"?
Glossary: Advaita —a monistic philosophy propounded by Shankaracharya, an eighth century religious teacher, which has left a profound impact on the Hindu religion. Kunbi —the marathi term for a peasant. Vani —a village moneylender. (Also Bania, or Marwari ). Sowcar —a financier in an urban setting. Bullotedars —the marathi term for village artisans like carpenters, potters, blacksmiths, etc. Talufa —a territorial unit, several of which comprise a district, presided over by a mamlatdar or native revenue officer. Mamlatdar —a native revenue officer who presides over a taluka. Khata —an account book. Kulkarni —a village accountant. Deshmukh —a landed aristocrat. Jowri —barley. Seer —a unit of weight, approximately twice the mass of the English pound.
What was the significance of the Deccan Riots of 1875?
The Deccan Riots of 1875 highlight the social transformations brought about in rural Maharashtra in western India during the first five decades of British rule . The riots are of special interest to the social historian since they hinged upon relations between two important and well defined rural social groups, namely, the cultivators and the moneylenders. This paper will focus on the social changes which precipitated this conflict. I shall also attempt to link these changes with the social ideals and the political objectives which inspired the new rulers of Maharashtra and determined their administrative policy.
When was the report of the Taluka of Indapur?
Francis, J., “Report on the taluka of Indapur,” dated 12 February, 1867, Selections from the Recordi of the Bombay Government Google Scholar, New Series, No. 151, (hereinafter cited as Francis' Report).
When was Sholapur letter dated?
Letter from the Collector of Sholapur, dated 3 December, 1873, BA, RD (1874), Vol. 97.
What were the Deccan riots?
Deccan Riots. In May and June 1875, peasants of Maharashtra in some parts of Pune and Ahmednagar districts revolted against increasing agrarian distress. The Deccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage (kamiuti) to moneylenders.
What was the purpose of the Deccan Riots of 1875?
The rioters' specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds, decrees, and other documents in the possession of the moneylenders. The peasants began a systematic attack on the moneylenders’ houses and shops.
How did Indian agriculture affect the world economy?
As Indian agriculture was drawn into the world economy, credit, commerce, inequality and growth were interrelated. The cultivators' distress resulted from falling agricultural prices, heavy taxation, and a sense of political powerlessness. The commercialization of agriculture under colonial land revenue policies burdened small peasants by placing a premium on access to credit to finance productive investments in the land. Employing capital advanced by European merchants, local moneylenders obtained unlimited title to the property and labor of their debtors; it gave them the "power to utterly ruin and enslave the debtor." During the 19th century, they used this power to control peasant labour, and not their land, which was of little value without people to work it.
What law was passed in 1859 to limit the validity of bonds?
In 1859, the colonial government passed Limitation Law that reduced validity of bonds for 3 years. This could limit the money paid by the peasants to the moneylenders. But, moneylenders started signing new bond for 3 years and at expiry signed new bond. Hence, it fuelled rebellion and riots.
Why did the British start importing and securing cotton from India?
British merchants started importing and securing cotton from India to maintain the cotton exports. So, they started giving advances to Indian moneylenders who turned this into debts for ryot. Ryots in demand boom took a lot of credit and sometime forcefully given credit and made to sign bonds and deeds.
What was the purpose of the Manchester Cotton Company?
British cotton manufacturers established Manchester Cotton Company in 1859 to encourage cotton exports. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, the imports from America fell miserably. British merchants started importing and securing cotton from India to maintain the cotton exports. So, they started giving advances to Indian moneylenders who turned this into debts for ryot. Ryots in demand boom took a lot of credit and sometime forcefully given credit and made to sign bonds and deeds. The moneylenders used deceit and fraud to extract as much advantage as possible in this economic condition. After the civil war, the cotton demands fell drastically and moneylenders started recovering their money by charging high interests from ryots. Most of the time the ryots failed to pay back the debt and they were evicted from lands and lands were sold. This infuriated ryots who started violent protest against devious and deceitful moneylenders. They complained to authorities for grievance redressal. In 1859, the colonial government passed Limitation Law that reduced validity of bonds for 3 years. This could limit the money paid by the peasants to the moneylenders. But, moneylenders started signing new bond for 3 years and at expiry signed new bond. Hence, it fuelled rebellion and riots.
Who was the Indian nationalist who fought against colonial rule?
Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadke launched a violent campaign against colonial rule in 1879, aiming to establish an Indian republic by driving them out. However, his insurrection met with limited success. Someone betrayed Phadke to claim a bounty offered by the colonial government; he was arrested and deported to Aden, where he died of a hunger strike in 1883.
Deccan Riots - Background
- The British introduced the Ryotwari settlementas a land revenue system in the Bombay Deccan region.
- The revenue from land was fixed on a yearly basis under this system.
- In the Ryotwari system, the agreement was made directly between the government and the ryot (cultivator).
- The British introduced the Ryotwari settlementas a land revenue system in the Bombay Deccan region.
- The revenue from land was fixed on a yearly basis under this system.
- In the Ryotwari system, the agreement was made directly between the government and the ryot (cultivator).
- The revenue was determined by the soil type and the farmer's ability to pay. However, the revenues were so high that farmers had a difficult time paying their dues. Any interruption in the rains wo...
Deccan Riots - Causes
- In 1875, the peasants of Maharashtra mainly from the Poona, Satara and Ahmednagar districts, revolted against the corrupt practices of Gujarati and Marwari moneylenders.
- The moneylenders used to charge high rates of interest along with manipulating the accounts of poor peasants.
- In response, the ryots organized thesocial boycott movementagainst the moneylenders.
- In 1875, the peasants of Maharashtra mainly from the Poona, Satara and Ahmednagar districts, revolted against the corrupt practices of Gujarati and Marwari moneylenders.
- The moneylenders used to charge high rates of interest along with manipulating the accounts of poor peasants.
- In response, the ryots organized thesocial boycott movementagainst the moneylenders.
- They refused to buy goods from their shops, work in their homes and fields.
Deccan Riots - Outcome
- In 1877, the government constituted the Deccan Riot inquiry commission.
- The commission reported that poverty and indebtedness were the main cause of the revolt.
- In 1897, the government passed the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act of 1879to pacify the movement and protect farmers against moneylenders.
- In 1879, Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadkelaunched a violent campaign against col…
- In 1877, the government constituted the Deccan Riot inquiry commission.
- The commission reported that poverty and indebtedness were the main cause of the revolt.
- In 1897, the government passed the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act of 1879to pacify the movement and protect farmers against moneylenders.
- In 1879, Indian nationalist Vasudeo Balwant Phadkelaunched a violent campaign against colonial rule, aiming to drive them out and establish an Indian republic.
Conclusion
- The distress of the cultivators was caused by falling agricultural prices, heavy taxation, and a sense of political powerlessness. Small peasants were burdened by the commercialization of agriculture under colonial land revenue policies, which put a premium on access to credit to finance productive investments in the land. Local moneylenders obtained unlimited title to their …