Who was Elisha Gray?
Elisha Gray was a dairy farmer who at one time considered entering the seminary. He was a “sleepy” procrastinator who turned out to be a brilliant scientist, an inventor who fought a bruising battle with Alexander Graham Bell. Gray was the creative spirit behind Gray & Barton.
When did Elisha Gray apply for a patent?
On February 14, 1876, the day that Alexander Graham Bell filed an application for a patent for his version of the telephone, Elisha Gray applied for a caveat announcing his intention to file a claim for a patent for the same invention within three months.
What happened to Elisha Gray and Barton?
In 1872, Western Union bought a third of Gray and Barton Co. and changed the name to Western Electric Manufacturing Company and Elisha Gray continued to invent for them. By the age of forty, Gray retired to do independent research.
Was Elisha Gray a graduate of Oberlin College?
Although Gray was not a graduate of Oberlin College, he taught electricity and science at Oberlin and built laboratory equipment for Oberlin science departments. Elisha Gray was an educator and inventor in nineteenth-century America. Gray was born in Barnesville, Ohio, on August 2, 1835.
Where was Elisha Gray born?
Barnesville, OHElisha Gray / Place of birthBarnesville is a village in Belmont County, Ohio, United States. It is located in the central portion of Warren Township in Belmont County and is part of the Wheeling, West Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 4,193 at the 2010 census. Wikipedia
How old was Elisha GREY when he died?
65 years (1835–1901)Elisha Gray / Age at death
Where did Elisha Gray live?
BostonOhioHighland ParkElisha Gray/Places lived
What did Elisha GREY invent?
TelautographElisha Gray / InventionsThe telautograph, an analog precursor to the modern fax machine, transmits electrical impulses recorded by potentiometers at the sending station to servomechanisms attached to a pen at the receiving station, thus reproducing at the receiving station a drawing or signature made by the sender. Wikipedia
Who invented telephone in 1876?
Alexander Graham BellIt is not easy to determine who the inventor was. Both Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray submitted independent patent applications concerning telephones to the patent office in Washington on February 14, 1876.
Who is the real inventor of the telephone?
Scottish-born inventor Alexander Graham-Bell usually gets all the credit, but there are a few more names that might ring a bell. Credit is usually given to the Scottish-born scientist and engineer Alexander Graham Bell, who was granted a US patent for what he called an 'acoustic telegraph' in 1875.
When was the 1st phone invented?
7 March 1876On 7 March 1876, Bell was granted US patent 174465A, for a method of transmitting speech by telegraphy—the telephone.
How many inventions did Elisha Gray make?
seventy inventionsGray obtained patents for approximately seventy inventions during his lifetime and he taught at Oberlin College for a number of years.
Who invented the TV first?
Philo FarnsworthJohn Logie BairdCharles Francis JenkinsTelevision/Inventors
Who did Bell beat out for the phone patent?
Elisha GrayFirst to arrive at the patent office The popular belief was that Bell arrived at the patent office an hour or two before his rival Elisha Gray, and that Gray lost his rights to the telephone as a result.
Who is Elisha Gray?
Engineer/Inventor. Awards. Elliott Cresson Medal (1897) Elisha Gray (August 2, 1835 – January 21, 1901) was an American electrical engineer who co-founded the Western Electric Manufacturing Company. Gray is best known for his development of a telephone prototype in 1876 in Highland Park, Illinois.
Why was the Gray biography never finished?
Taylor, an Oberlin physics department head, began writing a Gray biography, but the book was never finished because of Taylor's accidental death in July 1948. Dr Taylor's unfinished manuscript is in the College Archives at Oberlin College. This article needs additional citations for verification.
What was the purpose of the Gray telautograph machine?
Gray's telautograph machines were used by banks for signing documents at a distance and by the military for sending written commands during gun tests when the deafening noise from the guns made spoken orders on the telephone impractical . The machines were also used at train stations for schedule changes.
What was the first television system that Gray invented?
Gray conceived of a primitive closed-circuit television system that he called the " telephone ". Pictures would be focused on an array of selenium cells and signals from the selenium cells would be transmitted to a distant station on separate wires.
Who was the first person to use telegraph relays?
In 1862 while at Oberlin, Gray met and married Delia Minerva Shepard. In 1865 Gray invented a self-adjusting telegraph relay that automatically adapted to varying insulation of the telegraph line. In 1867 Gray received a patent for the invention, the first of more than seventy.
How was the first phone invented?
Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first U.S. patent for the invention of the telephone in 1876. Elisha Gray, 1876, designed a telephone using a water microphone in Highland Park, Illinois. Thomas Edison invented the carbon microphone which produced a strong telephone signal.
Who invented the telephone Elisha Gray?
Elisha Gray, (born Aug. 2, 1835, Barnesville, Ohio, U.S.—died Jan. 21, 1901, Newtonville, Mass.), U.S. inventor and contestant with Alexander Graham Bell in a famous legal battle over the invention of the telephone.
Who invented grayscale?
colours were not actually invented until 1962 by Bob Miggins from Skegness in the UK. He discovered that until 1962, everything was categorised by Duke (of) Ellington's "greyscale" scheme.
Who else invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell is often credited with being the inventor of the telephone since he was awarded the first successful patent. However, there were many other inventors such as Elisha Gray and Antonio Meucci who also developed a talking telegraph. First Bell Telephone, June 1875.
Where did Alexander Graham Bell invent the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell, (born March 3, 1847, Edinburgh, Scotland—died August 2, 1922, Beinn Bhreagh, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), Scottish-born American inventor, scientist, and teacher of the deaf whose foremost accomplishments were the invention of the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the phonograph
Did Graham Bell steal the telephone?
The theory that Alexander Graham Bell stole the idea of the telephone rests on the similarity between drawings of liquid transmitters in his lab notebook of March 1876 to those of Gray's patent caveat of the previous month. 161739 in April, 1875—ten months before Gray filed his telephone caveat.
What do you mean by patent?
A patent is a grant of protection for an invention. It's granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) and has a term of 14 to 20 years. Owning a patent gives you the right to stop someone else from making, using or selling your invention without your permission.
Overview
Biography and early inventions
Gray was born in Barnesville, Ohio, the son of Christiana (Edgerton) and David Gray. His family were Quakers. He was brought up on a farm. He spent several years at Oberlin College where he experimented with electrical devices. Although Gray did not graduate, he taught electricity and science there and built laboratory equipment for its science departments.
In 1862 while at Oberlin, Gray met and married Delia Minerva Shepard.
Telephone
Because of Samuel White's opposition to Gray working on the telephone, Gray did not tell anybody about his invention for transmitting voice sounds until February 11, 1876 (Friday). Gray requested that his patent lawyer William D. Baldwin prepare a "caveat" for filing at the US Patent Office. A caveat was like a provisional patent application with drawings and description but without a req…
Further inventions
In 1887 Gray invented the telautograph, a device that could remotely transmit handwriting through telegraph systems. Gray was granted several patents for these pioneer fax machines, and the Gray National Telautograph Company was chartered in 1888 and continued in business as The Telautograph Corporation for many years; after a series of mergers it was finally absorbed by Xerox in the 1990s. Gray's telautograph machines were used by banks for signing documents a…
Publications
Gray wrote several books including:
• Experimental Researches in Electro-Harmonic Telegraphy and Telephony, 1867–1876 (Appleton, 1878)
• Telegraphy and Telephony (1878)
• Electricity and Magnetism (1900) and
See also
• Invention of the telephone
• Timeline of the telephone
• The Telephone Cases
• Water microphone
Further reading
• Shulman, Seth (2008). The Telephone Gambit. New York, New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-06206-9.
• Evenson, A. Edward (2000). The Telephone Patent Conspiracy of 1876: The Elisha Gray - Alexander Bell Controversy. North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-0883-9.
• Baker, Burton H. (2000). The Gray Matter: The Forgotten Story of the Telephone. St. Joseph, Mi.: Telepress. ISBN 0-615-11329-X.
External links
• Works by Elisha Gray at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about Elisha Gray at Internet Archive
• Works by Elisha Gray at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• "Gray, Elisha" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 390–391.