Who won the Second Battle of Manassas?
Confederate Army Under Robert E. Lee Wins Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) On the Union left, Fitz John Porter defied Pope's orders to lead his men forward against the Confederates on August 29, believing himself to be facing Longstreet's entire corps.
What was the 2nd battle of the Civil War?
The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862, in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War....Second Battle of Bull Run.Second Battle of Bull Run (Battle of Second Manassas)United StatesConfederate StatesCommanders and leadersJohn PopeRobert E. LeeUnits involved9 more rows
What was the significance of the Second Battle of Manassas?
Yet the Second Battle of Bull Run, otherwise known as the Second Battle of Manassas, was significant in its own right. An unambiguous Southern victory, it cemented General Robert E. Lee's reputation as a brilliant tactician and paved the way for his first invasion of the North.
When was the 2nd battle of Bull Run fought?
August 28, 1862Second Battle of Bull Run / Erupt date
What are the Civil War battles in order?
Significant Civil War BattlesApril 12, 1861: Battle of Fort Sumter. ... June 30, 1861: Battle of Philippi. ... July 21, 1861: First Battle of Bull Run/First Battle of Manassas. ... August 28-29, 1861: Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries. ... October 21, 1861: Battle of Ball's Bluff. ... November 7, 1861: Battle of Belmont.More items...
What was the second bloodiest battle of the Civil War?
Number of casualties in major battles in the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865CharacteristicNumber of casualtiesBattle of Stones River (Dec, 1862/Jan, 1863)23,515Battle of Antietam (Sep, 1862)22,717Second Battle of Bull Run (Aug, 1862)22,180Siege of Vicksburg (May/Jul, 1863)19,2336 more rows•Jul 22, 2019
What was the bloodiest most lives lost battle of the Civil War?
Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, with more than 51,000 casualties, including 7,863 dead.
How many died at the Second Battle of Bull Run?
Casualties and assessment The Union forces present on the field on August 29–30, 1862, numbered about 70,000, while the strength of Lee's army on the same dates was about 55,000. Total casualties for the battle topped 22,000, with Union losses numbering 13,824.
How many died at Bull Run?
The First Battle of Bull Run (called First Manassas in the South) cost some 3,000 Union casualties, compared with 1,750 for the Confederates.
Why was the 2nd battle of Bull Run significant?
The Second Battle of Bull Run was a significant battle of the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was a decisive victory for Confederate forces. This victory led to greater confidence in the Confederacy, leading them to begin Northern/Union territory campaigns.
Where was the 2nd battle of Bull Run?
Prince William CountySecond Battle of Bull Run / LocationPrince William County is located on the Potomac River in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 482,204, making it Virginia's second-most populous county. Its county seat is the independent city of Manassas. Wikipedia
Who won the Bull Run battle?
ConfederateThe end result of the battle was a Confederate victory and Federal forces retreated to the defenses of Washington, DC. One week later, General George McClellan was appointed head of the Army of the Potomac.
Where was the 2nd Battle of Bull Run?
Prince William CountySecond Battle of Bull Run / LocationPrince William County is located on the Potomac River in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 482,204, making it Virginia's second-most populous county. Its county seat is the independent city of Manassas. Wikipedia
How long did the 2nd Battle of Bull Run Last?
Lincoln's hope for an easy 90-day victory was shattered. The armies who met at the Second Battle of Manassas in late August 1862 were more experienced. They were battle scarred and hardened.
What was the third Battle of the Civil War?
The Third Battle of Winchester, also known as the Battle of Opequon or Battle of Opequon Creek, was an American Civil War battle fought near Winchester, Virginia, on September 19, 1864....Third Battle of Winchester.Third Battle of Winchester (Battle of Opequon)Casualties and losses5,0184,01511 more rows
Who won the Antietam Battle?
Union victoryMost importantly, Union victory at Antietam provided President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity he had wanted to announce the Emancipation Proclamation, making the Battle of Antietam one of the key turning points of the American Civil War.
When was the Battle of Manassas?
Learn about the events that took place on the first day of the Battle of Second Manassas, August 28, 1862
What was the name of the battle that took place in 1861?
Battle of Second Manassas (Second Bull Run) The Battle of Groveton or Second Bull Run, looking towards the village of Groveton. The view is from the northern brow of Henry Hill. After the Union defeat at Manassas in July 1861, Gen. George B. McClellan took command of the Federal forces in and around Washington and organized them into ...
Why did Lee send Stonewall Jackson's corps northward?
Gambling that McClellan would cause no further trouble around Richmond, Lee sent Stonewall Jackson's corps northward to "suppress" Pope. Jackson clashed indecisively with part of Pope's troops at Cedar Mountain on August 9.
When did the Confederate counterattack?
Learn about the Confederate counter-attack on August 30, 1862 and the end of the Second Manassas campaign.
Who organized the Army of the Potomac?
After the Union defeat at Manassas in July 1861, Gen. George B. McClellantook command of the Federal forces in and around Washington and organized them into a formidable fighting machine- the Army of the Potomac. In March 1862, leaving a strong force to cover the capital, McClellan shifted his army by water to Fort Monroeon the tip of the York-James peninsular, only 100 miles southeast of Richmond. Early in April he advanced toward the Confederate capital.
Who struck Starke's division at the unfinished railroad's "Deep Cut"?
Fitz-John Porter's corps , along with part of McDowell's, struck Starke's division at the unfinished railroad's "Deep Cut.". The southerners held firm, and Porter's column was hurled back in a bloody repulse. Seeing the Union lines in disarray, Longstreet pushed his massive columns forward and staggered the Union left.
Who was the leader of the Army of Northern Virginia?
Johnston was wounded, and President Davis placed Gen. Robert E. Lee in command. Seizing the offensive, Lee sent his force (now called the Army of Northern Virginia) across the Chickahominy River and, in a series of savage battles, pushed McClellan back from the edge of Richmond to a position on the James River.
Where was the second Battle of Manassas?
Thoroughfare Gap. 2nd Bull Run. Chantilly. Northeastern Virginia (1862) The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 29–30, 1862, in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by ...
Who was the Confederate general who attacked the Union at Manassas Junction?
Following a wide-ranging flanking march, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson captured the Union supply depot at Manassas Junction, threatening Pope's line of communications with Washington, D.C. Withdrawing a few miles to the northwest, Jackson took up strong concealed defensive positions on Stony Ridge and awaited the arrival of the wing of Lee's army commanded by Maj. Gen. James Longstreet. On August 28, 1862, Jackson attacked a Union column just east of Gainesville, at Brawner's Farm, resulting in a stalemate but successfully getting Pope's attention. On that same day, Longstreet broke through light Union resistance in the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap and approached the battlefield.
What happened on August 29, 1789?
August 29, 5–7 p.m., Kearny's attack, Hood vs. Hatch. Jackson had initiated the battle at Brawner's farm with the intent of holding Pope until Longstreet arrived with the remainder of the Army of Northern Virginia.
What was Pope's intention in the Battle of Jackson?
Pope's intention was to move against Jackson on both flanks. He ordered Fitz John Porter to move toward Gainesville and attack what he considered to be the Confederate right flank. He ordered Sigel to attack Jackson's left at daybreak. Sigel, unsure of Jackson's dispositions, chose to advance along a broad front, with Brig. Gen. Robert C. Schenck 's division, supported by Brig. Gen. John F. Reynolds 's division (McDowell's III Corps) on the left, Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy 's independent brigade in the center, and Brig. Gen. Carl Schurz 's division on the right. Schurz's two brigades, moving north on the Manassas-Sudley Road, were the first to contact Jackson's men, at about 7 a.m.
What happened at the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap?
In the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap on August 28, Longstreet's wing broke through light Union resistance and marched through the gap to join Jackson. This seemingly inconsequential action virtually ensured Pope's defeat during the coming battles because it allowed the two wings of Lee's army to unite on the Manassas battlefield.
How many people died in the Battle of Bull Run?
The Second Battle of Bull Run, like the First (July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale. Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged (22.5%); the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000. (16%)
Where did Jackson attack the Union?
On August 28, 1862, Jackson attacked a Union column just east of Gainesville, at Brawner's Farm, resulting in a stalemate but successfully getting Pope's attention. On that same day, Longstreet broke through light Union resistance in the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap and approached the battlefield.
When did the second Battle of Manassas start?
Second Battle of Manassas - Fighting Begins: The fighting began at 6:30 PM on August 28 when units belonging to Brigadier General Rufus King's division were seen moving east on the turnpike. Jackson, who learned earlier in the day that Lee and Longstreet were marching to join him, moved to the attack.
How many people died in the Second Battle of Manassas?
Second Battle of Manassas - Aftermath: The Second Battle of Manassas cost Pope 1,716 killed, 8,215 wounded and 3,893 missing, while Lee suffered 1,305 killed and 7,048 wounded. Relieved on September 12, Pope's army was incorporated into the Army of the Potomac.
What time did Pope arrive on the field?
Around 1:00 PM, Pope arrived on the field with reinforcements just as Longstreet's lead units were moving into position. To the southwest, Porter's corps was moving up the Manassas-Gainesville Road and engaged a group of Confederate cavalry.
Where did Pope move troops to block the attack?
With the situation desperate, he succeeded in forming a defensive line along the Manassas-Sudley Road at the foot of Henry House Hill. The battle lost, Pope began a fighting withdraw back towards Centreville around 8:00 PM.
Who was the general who attacked the Union flank?
Observing Union movements, Lee decided to attack the Union flank, but was dissuaded by Longstreet who advocated a reconnaissance in force to set up an assault in the morning. Brigadier General John B. Hood 's division moved forward along the turnpike and collided with Brigadier General John Hatch's men.
Who was the leader of the newly created army of Virginia?
With the collapse of Major General George B. McClellan 's Peninsula Campaign in the summer of 1862, President Abraham Lincoln brought Major General John Pope east to take command of the newly created Army of Virginia.
Who was the general at the Battle of Manassas?
American Civil War: Second Battle of Manassas. Major General John Pope. Photograph Courtesy of the National Archives & Records Administration. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history.
How many people died in the Second Battle of Manassas?
The Second Battle of Manassas had been one of the most costly engagements of the Civil War. Lee lost 1,300 killed and more than 7,000 wounded during the three days of major fighting, while Pope suffered nearly 10,000 casualties, not counting those captured or missing. In the woods and fields from the Brawner farm to Henry Hill, along the unfinished railroad and on Chinn Ridge, in unnamed hollows and behind shattered trees, the bodies of the fallen littered the landscape. Unburied corpses "who had been dashing and gallant soldiers only a short week before . . . were swollen, blistered, discolored . . . and emitting odors so thick and powerful that it seemed they might have been felt by the naked hand."
What was the significance of the Second Manassas Campaign?
Understood in this context, the Second Manassas Campaign marked the midpoint of Lee's grand summer offensive in 1862—a period that in retrospect would mark the true high tide of Confederate fortunes. Observers in foreign capitals took note of the apparent viability of this new government whose armies could win victories within the shadow of Washington. Voters in the North embraced Democratic candidates for Congress who challenged the management and even advisability of the conflict. And Abraham Lincoln deferred announcing the plan, his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, that would in the end add transcendent meaning to the carnage of the Civil War.
What was the fight at Lewis Ford?
Although lasting only a few moments, Lewis Ford was a vicious fight. Confederates and Federals went toe-to-toe armed with only sabers and pistols. Horses and riders were thrown together. One participant stated that "the shooting and running, cursing and cutting that followed cannot be understood except by an eyewitness." Caught in this melee, Confederate Colonel Munford was dismounted and severely slashed across his back. Union Colonel Brodhead was shot point-blank after refusing to surrender. Even General Buford, who led the Union cavalry, was wounded in the knee. In a violent, costly, and desperate battle, the Union achieved much from the sacrifices made at Lewis Ford.
What road did Longstreet and the Union Army take?
After sweeping the Federal troops off of Chinn Ridge, Longstreet's men surged toward the Union line along the Manassas-Sudley Road. Saving the Union army from complete disaster were several Federal brigades stubbornly holding the slopes of Henry Hill. As dusk fell, the Confederate attack was blunted, and Pope's army was able to reach safety across Bull Run.
What happened to Stonewall on September 1?
On September 1 Stonewall resumed his march but quickly encountered Union patrols, erasing the vital element of secrecy from his operation. Jackson decided to halt at mid-morning near an old mansion known as Chantilly and await Longstreet's arrival. Pope had indeed learned of Jackson's approach and dispatched Reno's Corps under Isaac Stevens along with Kearny's division to delay the Confederates while the rest of the Federal army moved back from Centreville to protect the crossroads at Germantown.
What happened on August 30, 1862?
The evening of August 30, 1862, saw a struggling Union army preparing to retreat over Bull Run. Reeling from Longstreet's crushing counterattack, the Federals clung tenaciously to the slopes of Henry Hill. Lee saw the chance to strike Pope's route of retreat and administer the final blow to an already battered army. Lee called on the masterful J.E.B. Stuart to administer this maneuver. Promptly, Brigadier General Beverly H. Robertson with Colonel Thomas Rossers's regiment of cavalry were ordered forward. In the hands of these Confederate commanders lay the chance to envelop and destroy the entire Union army.
Who led the Union cavalry in the Battle of Lewis Ford?
Having received his orders, Robertson headed for Lewis Ford, south of the Union army's line of retreat. Approaching the ford, Robertson observed a "small squadron" of Union cavalry and ordered the Second Virginia to charge them. Colonel Munford led his command in a race for the enemy and scattered them. However, lurking behind the squadron was General John Buford with his brigade of cavalry. Recognizing each other, the forces charged one another. Numerically superior, the Union cavalry soon had the advantage. Abruptly, the Confederates were reinforced and the tide of battle changed. Federal forces fled toward the retreating army. Having pursued, the Confederates soon found themselves behind the Union army with darkness coming on and so withdrew to a safer position, ending the skirmish.
How many acres are there in Manassas National Battlefield Park?
JB: Manassas National Battlefield Park protects over 5,000 acres or roughly 90% of the battlefields of First and Second Manassas. There are two residential subdivisions, a private cemetery and a number of relatively small, private residential properties scattered within or immediately adjacent to the park's authorized boundaries. A portion of the battlefield outside the park's southern boundary has been lost to development as a community college campus, business park and a strip mall. The CWPT is currently safeguarding 46 acres of undeveloped battlefield land near Jackson's left flank but outside the park's authorized boundary.
Who was the General that attacked Pope's army?
Later on the 30th, General James Longstreet and his "Right Wing" were able to unleash a devastating flank attack upon Pope’s forces. How was it that Pope’s army was so surprised by this decisive assault?
Overview
- After the Union defeat at Manassas in July 1861, Gen. George B. McClellan took command of the Federal forces in and around Washington and organized them into a formidable fighting machine- the Army of the Potomac. In March 1862, leaving a strong force to cover the capital, McClellan shifted his army by water to Fort Monroe on the tip of the York-Ja...
Battlefield preservation
Background
Opposing forces
Battle
Part of the site of the battle is now Manassas National Battlefield Park. Located north of Manassas, in Prince William County, Virginia, it preserves the site of two major American Civil War battles: the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861, and the Second Battle of Bull Run which was fought between August 28 and August 30, 1862 (also known as the First Battle of Manassas and the Second Battle of Manassas, respectively). The peaceful Virginia countryside bore witness to …
Aftermath
See also
Gen. Pope's Army of Virginia of approximately 51,000 men was divided into three army corps:
The I Corps, under Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel consisted of the divisions of:
• Brig Gen. Robert C. Schenck (brigades of Brig Gen. Julius Stahel and Col. Nathaniel C. McLean).
• Brig Gen. Adolph von Steinwehr (brigade of Col. John A. Koltes).
Notes