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Who influenced Guillaume Dufay?
However, by the 1450s, Dufay's masses were much influenced by the English style (for example, the music of John Dunstable); his masses of this period mostly use cantus firmus technique, and also isorhythm, as in his motets.
Who was Guillaume Dufay's patron?
the Malatesta familyThis gathering of churchmen from all over Europe may have been the occasion of Dufay's introduction to his first Italian patrons, the Malatesta family. He was in Rimini at the court of the Malatestas in 1419/1420; the works he wrote for members of the family date from this time until 1426.
Why is Guillaume Dufay important?
Guillaume Du Fay (/djuːˈfaɪ/ dew-FY, French: [dy fa(j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August 1397(?) – 27 November 1474) was a French composer and music theorist of the early Renaissance. He is considered the leading European composer of his time, during which his music was widely performed and copied.
What was specific event that Du Fay was commissioned to compose a grand motet for?
Nuper rosarum flores ("Recently Flowers of Roses/The Rose Blossoms Recently"), is a motet composed by Guillaume Dufay for the 25 March 1436 consecration of the Florence Cathedral, on the occasion of the completion of the dome built under the instructions of Filippo Brunelleschi.
Where was Guillaume Dufay born?
Beersel, BelgiumGuillaume DuFay / Place of birthGuillaume Dufay, Dufay also spelled Du Fay or Du Fayt, (born August 5, 1397?, Beersel, near Brussels, Burgundian Netherlands [now in Belgium]—died November 27, 1474, Cambrai, Bishopric of Cambrai [now in France]), Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons.
How do you pronounce Guillaume Dufay?
Guillaume Dufay (pronounce "GHEE-oam Doo-FYE", sometimes spelt Du Fay) (born Beersel?
What is Fauxbourdon technique?
/ ˈfoʊ bərˌdɒn; French foʊ burˈdɔ̃ / PHONETIC RESPELLING. 💼 Post-College Level. noun. Music. a 15th-century compositional technique employing three voices, the upper and lower voices progressing an octave or a sixth apart while the middle voice extemporaneously doubles the upper part at a fourth below.
Who is the composer in the Tudors?
Thomas Tallis is a musician, singer and composer whose burgeoning career forms a small sub-plot of Season One of The Tudors.
Which device did Renaissance composers use to show words or ideas of lyrics?
Word painting is a device used frequently in Renaissance vocal music, especially madrigals—although it certainly also appeared in church music—in which the musical events are designed to illustrate or reflect the text.
Why was Nuper Rosarum Flores composed?
Nuper rosarum flores. Guillaume Dufay's motet Nuper rosarum flores (Recently Roses Blossomed), written for the consecration of Santa Maria del Fiore, the cathedral in Florence, deservedly has become one of the most celebrated compositions of the late Middle Ages.
What is Fauxbourdon technique?
/ ˈfoʊ bərˌdɒn; French foʊ burˈdɔ̃ / PHONETIC RESPELLING. 💼 Post-College Level. noun. Music. a 15th-century compositional technique employing three voices, the upper and lower voices progressing an octave or a sixth apart while the middle voice extemporaneously doubles the upper part at a fourth below.
Which composer is most known for the Contenance Angloise style?
John Dunstaple (or Dunstable, c. 1390 – 24 December 1453) was an English composer whose music helped inaugurate the transition from the medieval to the Renaissance periods. The central proponent of the Contenance angloise style ( lit.
What was a characteristic of Palestrina's composition?
Contemporary analysis highlighted the modern qualities in the compositions of Palestrina such as research of color and sonority, use of sonic grouping in large-scale setting, interest in vertical as well as horizontal organization, studied attention to text setting.
Which composer a priest who held prominent positions in both Italian courts and French cathedrals was the most influential composer of the 15th century?
Guillaume Dufay - 1397-1474 Dufay was the leading composer of his time and one of the most widely traveled. Patrons competed for his services, and the positions he held in Italy, France and the Lowlands acquainted him with a wide range of musicians and styles.
What did Dufay do?
In 1436 he became a canon of Cambrai and worked in the service of the duke of Savoy. A papal letter of 1437 mentions that he had a degree in canon law, which he may have been given by papal fiat. He went to Cambrai about 1440 and supervised the music of the cathedral, then in the service of the duke of Burgundy. In 1446 he became a canon of Sainte-Waudru, Mons. Dufay’s surviving works include 87 motets, 59 French chansons, 7 Italian chansons, 7 complete masses, and 35 masssections. He often used, and may have originated, the technique of fauxbourdon, a style of compositionbased on the sonorities of the third and sixth notes of the scale and derived from English descant, an improvisational practice.
What style of music did Dufay use?
In these and other works of his Cambrai period, Dufay perfected a graceful and expressive style that incorporated into Continental music the sweet harmonies of the contenance angloise, or “English manner,” that according to Martin le Franc’s Le Champion des dames ( c. 1440) he had adopted from John Dunstable.
How many works did Dufay compose?
He went to Cambrai about 1440 and supervised the music of the cathedral, then in the service of the duke of Burgundy. In 1446 he became a canon of Sainte-Waudru, Mons. Dufay’s surviving works include 87 motets, 59 French chansons, 7 Italian chansons, 7 complete masses, and 35 mass sections.
Where did Dufay go to church?
Dufay became a chorister at the Cambrai cathedral (1409), entered the service of Carlo Malatesta of Rimini in 1420, and in 1428 went to Rome, where he joined the papal singers. In 1436 he became a canon of Cambrai and worked in the service of the duke of Savoy.
What was Dufay's role in the celebration of the feast of the pheasant?
For the brilliant Feast of the Pheasant, held in 1454 by Philip the Goodof Burgundy and intended to initiate a Crusadeto recapture Jerusalem, Dufay composed a lamentation for the church in Constantinople (now Istanbul).
What are Dufay's chansons?
Dufay’s chansons, normally in three voices, deal with subjects such as springtime, love, and melancholy. Most use the poetic-musical forms of the ballade, rondeau, and virelai; a few are written in freer form. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now.
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What did Dufay do to become a canon?
The constant skirmishes between the Papacy and the Council threatened Dufay’s career and with the hope of assuming office as Canon at Cambrai he would had to study law . Dufay went on to graduate with a degree in Law from the University of Turin, and then went on to remain in Cambrai for the rest of his life at the previous canon’s residence following his mother’s demise in the year 1445. It was during the early 1440’s where he wrote his extensive collection of liturgic and polyphonic music. These came in the form of his famous masses, Magnificats, antiphons and simple hymns. He was also entrusted with the responsibility of overseeing the work and general administration of the Cathedral.
How long did Dufay stay in Cambrai?
After the scuffle between the Papacy and the church began to heal, Dufay decided to leave Cambrai yet again and this time he did not return to Cambrai for more than six years.
What is Guillaume Dufay known for?
His bold approach also led him to incorporate western music styles into his music that affected and influenced most of his works. Most of his compositions have been compared to the likes of other eminent composers such as Machaut and Beethoven. With commendable versatility and a proclivity, he served in the Papal Choir and was also highly trained in the field of music. Many of the harmonies used in modern music were brought out by Dufay and he had also taught various composers on how to work with modern instruments and understand their different qualities. Dufay was contributory in writing music only for musical instruments and not vocal practices. These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him.
What was the name of the motet that the emperor wrote for the Este family?
By the year 1435, he began his service once again with the Chapel, but this time it was at Florence, and it was here he came up with his legendary motet, ‘Nuper Rosarum Flores’ . He also composed one of his famous ballads for the Este family to whom he was acquainted in the year 1437.
What was the name of the Mass that Dufay composed?
He also went on to create his renowned mass ‘Se la face ay pale’ that went on to inspire a generation of music composers after Dufay.
What instruments did Guillaume play?
These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him. Image Credit. https://www.emaze.com/@AOIZZOQQ/-.
Where was Dufay born?
He was said to have been born in Beersal, Flanders in modern Brussels. Dufay was also said to have been an illicit child born illegitimately to a priest and a woman called ‘Marie Du Fayt’ on August 5, 1397.
Who was Guillaume Dufay?
Guillaume Dufay (Du Fay, Du Fayt) (August 5, 1397 – November 27, 1474) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance. As the central figure in the Burgundian School, he was the most famous and influential composer in Europe in the mid-15th century.
Where was Dufay born?
From the evidence of his will, he was probably born in Beersel, in the vicinity of Brussels. Circumstantial evidence claims him to have been born the illegitimate child of an unknown priest and a woman named Marie Du Fayt, though this suggestion is as of yet unproven. Marie moved with her son to Cambrai early in his life, staying with a relative who was a canon of the cathedral there. Soon Dufay's musical gifts were noticed by the cathedral authorities, who evidently gave him a thorough training in music; he studied with Rogier de Hesdin during the summer of 1409, and he was listed as a choirboy in the cathedral from 1409 to 1412. During those years he studied with Nicolas Malin, and the authorities must have been impressed with the boy's gifts because they gave him his own copy of Villedieu’s Doctrinale in 1411, a highly unusual event for one so young. In June 1414, at the age of only 16, he had already been given a benefice as chaplain at St. Géry, immediately adjacent to Cambrai. Later that year he probably went to the Council of Konstanz, staying possibly until 1418, at which time he returned to Cambrai.
How many voices did Dufay use?
Occasionally Dufay used four voices, but in a number of these songs the fourth voice was supplied by a later, usually anonymous, composer. Typically he used the rondeau form when writing love songs. His latest secular songs show influence from Busnois and Ockeghem, and the rhythmic and melodic differentiation between the voices is less; as in the work of other composers of the mid-15th century, he was beginning to tend towards the smooth polyphony which was to become the predominant style fifty years later.
What was Dufay's position in the Council of Basel?
The struggle between the papacy and the Council of Basel continued through the 1430s, and evidently Dufay realised that his own position might be threatened by the spreading conflict, especially since Pope Eugene was deposed in 1439 by the Council and replaced by Duke Amédée of Savoy himself, as Pope (Antipope) Felix V. At this time Dufay returned to his homeland, arriving in Cambrai by December of that year. In order to be a canon at Cambrai, he needed a law degree, which he obtained in 1437; he may have studied at University of Turin in 1436. One of the first documents mentioning him in Cambrai is dated December 27, 1440, when he received a delivery of 36 lots of wine for the feast of St. John the Evangelist.
What did Dufay write?
Instruments may have been used to reinforce the voices in actual performance for almost any portion of his output. In his lifetime, Dufay wrote seven complete masses, 28 individual Mass movements, 15 settings of chant used in Mass Propers, three Magnificats, two Benedicamus Domino settings, 15 antiphon settings (6 are Marian antiphons), 27 hymns, 22 motets (13 are isorhythmic) and 87 chansons. Assigning works to Dufay based on alleged stylistic similarities has been a favorite pastime of musicologists for at least a hundred years, judging from the copious literature on the subject.
Where did Dufay go after the abdication of the last antipope?
After the abdication of the last antipope (Felix V) in 1449, his own former employer Duke Amédée VIII of Savoy, the struggle between different factions within the Church began to heal, and Dufay once again left Cambrai for points south. He went to Turin in 1450, shortly before the death of Duke Amédée, but returned to Cambrai later that year; and in 1452 he went back to Savoy yet again. This time he did not return to Cambrai for six years, and during that time he attempted to find either a benefice or an employment which would allow him to stay in Italy. Numerous compositions, including one of the four Lamentationes that he composed on the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, his famous mass based on Se la face ay pale, as well as a letter to Lorenzo de' Medici, survive from this period: but as he was unable to find a satisfactory position for his retirement, he returned north in 1458. While in Savoy he served more-or-less officially as choirmaster for Louis, Duke of Savoy, but he was more likely in a ceremonial role, since the records of the chapel never mention him.
What was the first technique used by Dufay?
Dufay was one of the last composers to make use of medieval techniques such as isorhythm, but one of the first to use the harmonies, phrasing and expressive melodies characteristic of the early Renaissance. His compositions within the larger genres (masses, motets and chansons) are mostly similar to each other; his renown is largely due to what was perceived as his perfect control of the forms in which he worked, as well as his gift for memorable and singable melody. During the 15th century he was universally regarded as the greatest composer of the time, and that belief has largely persisted to the present day.
What was Dufay's most famous composition?
In 1436 Dufay composed the festive motet Nuper rosarum flores, one of his most famous compositions, which was sung at the dedication of Brunelleschi's dome of the cathedral in Florence, where Eugenius lived in exile.
What did Dufay write?
Dufay wrote in most of the common forms of the day, including masses, motets, Magnificats, hymns, simple chant settings in fauxbourdon, and antiphons within the area of sacred music, and rondeaux, ballades, virelais and a few other chanson types within the realm of secular music. None of his surviving music is specifically instrumental, although instruments were certainly used for some of his secular music, especially for the lower parts; all of his sacred music is vocal. Instruments may have been used to reinforce the voices in actual performance for almost any portion of his output. In all, 11 isorhythmic motets, 8 non-isorhythmic motets, 7 complete masses and many independent movements of masses, 15 settings of the Proper of the mass, 3 Magnificats, 15 antiphons, 24 hymns, and 87 three- or four-voiced French secular songs survive with reliable attribution; in addition, a large amount of the anonymous repertory of the middle 15th century may be his work: assigning works to Dufay based on alleged stylistic similarities has been a favorite pastime of musicologists for at least a hundred years, judging from the copious literature on the subject.
How many voices did Dufay use?
Occasionally Dufay used four voices, but in a number of these songs the fourth voice was supplied by a later, usually anonymous, composer. Typically he used the rondeau form when writing love songs. His latest secular songs show influence from Busnois and Ockeghem, and the rhythmic and melodic differentiation between the voices is less; as in the work of other composers of the mid-15th century, he was beginning to tend towards the smooth polyphony which was to become the predominant style fifty years later.
Why did Dufay return to Cambrai?
In 1424 Dufay again returned to Cambrai, this time because of the illness and subsequent death of the relative with whom his mother was staying. By 1426, however, he had gone back to Italy, this time to Bologna, where he entered the service of Cardinal Louis Aleman, the papal legate.
Where did Dufay go after the abdication of the last Antipope?
After the abdication of the last antipope (Felix V) in 1449, his own former employer Duke Amédée VIII of Savoy, the struggle between different factions within the Church began to heal, and Dufay once again left Cambrai for points south. He went to Turin in 1450, shortly before the death of Duke Amédée, but returned to Cambrai later that year; and in 1452 he went back to Savoy yet again. This time he did not return to Cambrai for six years, and during that time he attempted to find either a benefice or an employment which would allow him to stay in Italy. Numerous compositions, including one of the four Lamentationes that he composed on the fall of Constantinople in 1453, his famous mass based on Se la face ay pale, as well as a letter to Lorenzo de'Medici, survive from this period: but as he was unable to find a satisfactory position for his retirement, he returned north in 1458. While in Savoy he served more-or-less officially as choirmaster for Louis of Savoy, but he was more likely in a ceremonial role, since the records of the chapel never mention him.
Where did Dufay live?
From November 1418 to 1420 he was a subdeacon at Cambrai Cathedral. In 1420 he left Cambrai again, this time going to Rimini, and possibly Pesaro, where he worked for the Malatesta family. Although no records survive of his employment there, several compositions of his can be dated to this period; they contain references which make a residence in Italy reasonably certain. It was there that he met the composers Hugo and Arnold de Lantins, who were among the musicians of the Malatesta household. In 1424 Dufay again returned to Cambrai, this time because of the illness and subsequent death of the relative with whom his mother was staying. By 1426, however, he had gone back to Italy, this time to Bologna, where he entered the service of Cardinal Louis Aleman, the papal legate. While in Bologna he became a deacon, and by 1428 he was a priest.
What happened to Dufay's mother?
In addition to his musical work, he was active in the general administration of the cathedral. In 1444 his mother Marie died, and was buried in the cathedral; and in 1445 Dufay moved into the house of the previous canon, which was to remain his primary residence for the rest of his life.
What did Guillaume Dufay do in 1420?
After returning to the Cathedral of Cambrai, he stayed only for a few years. In 1420, he left his position and began traveling. In Italy, Guillaume Dufay met composers like Arnold Lantins and Hugo, who were famous musicians. In the year 1420, Dufay became a priest. Before his brief stay at Rome, he also served under the Pope. In 1435, he started serving at Florence and composed one of his most famous motet – NuperRosarum Flores. Guillaume Dufay began to take a graduate degree in Law from the University of Turin and then returned to Cambrai.He settled there for the rest of his life. After returning to Cambrai, Dufay composed several pieces of music.
When did Dufay join the Cathedral Choir?
And so the Cathedral authorities began his training. He joined the Cathedral choir as a choirboy in 1409. He was taught in those days by Nicholas Madeleine, and he received a copy of the Doctrinalein 1411 when he was only 14 years old.
Who was the overseer of the General Administration of the Cathedral?
Guillaume Dufay also became the overseer of the General Administration of the Cathedral. After this period, Dufay composed one of his lamentations that are his most famous pieces. In the year 1458, he retired from service and traveled to Savoy frequently. He taught his students to compose music, and also tinker with different musical instruments to develop harmonies.
Did Guillaume Dufay marry?
But he was able to keep his personal life extremely private, and only records of his relatives are those of his mother and the people he lived with at Cambrai. It is not known whether he married or not. He also avoided social meetings after his mother’s death in 1444.
