When did the movie The Great Debaters come out?
The Great Debaters was released in theaters on December 25, 2007. The release of the film coincided with a nationally stepped-up effort by urban debate leagues to get hundreds of inner-city and financially challenged schools to establish debate programs. [7] [8] Cities of focus included Denver, Philadelphia, and San Francisco.
What was the Great Debate of the Constitution?
The Great Debate. The transition from the Articles of Confederation to the United States Constitution wasn't a seamless one, and fixing the problems of the Articles of Confederation required a series of lengthy debates both during and after the convention.
What was the Great Debate of 1856?
The Great Debate. Signing of the United States Constitution by Junius Brutus Stearns, oil on canvas 1856 The transition from the Articles of Confederation to the United States Constitution wasn't a seamless one, and fixing the problems of the Articles of Confederation required a series of lengthy debates both during and after the convention.
Is the Great Debaters based on a true story?
The Great Debaters is a 2007 American biographical drama film directed by and starring Denzel Washington. It is based on an article written about the Wiley College debate team by Tony Scherman for the spring 1997 issue of American Legacy. [2]
Where did the Great Debate happen?
The meeting of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington on 26 April 1920, at which Harlow Shapley of Mount Wilson and Heber D. Curtis of Lick Observatory both gave talks under the title "The Scale of the Universe", has passed into the literature as "The Great Debate".
When did the Great Debate start?
The "First Great Debate" also known as the "Realist-Idealist Great Debate" was a dispute between idealists and realists which took place in the 1930s and 1940s and which was fundamentally about how to deal with Nazi Germany.
Who was involved in the Great Debate?
The participants were Heber D. Curtis, then of Lick Observatory, and Harlow Shapley of Mount Wilson Solar Observatory. In brief, the controversy concerned the scale and makeup of the universe. Shapley argued that the universe was comprised of a single galaxy, while Curtis held that it contained many galaxies.
Who proposed the Great Debate?
journalist ShapleyThe topic of the Great Debate Former journalist Shapley, who joked that he decided to study astronomy only because he could pronounce it, proved the Milky Way was at least 10 times bigger than previously thought. Furthermore, he showed our solar system resides not in the Milky Way's heart, but far from its center.
What was the great debate US history?
There were two sides to the Great Debate: the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federalists wanted to ratify the Constitution, the Anti-Federalists did not. One of the major issues these two parties debated concerned the inclusion of the Bill of Rights.
How many people attended the Lincoln Douglas debate?
The debates took place between August and October 1858. Newspapers reported 12,000 in attendance at Ottawa, 16,000 to 18,000 in Galesburg, 15,000 in Freeport, 12,000 in Quincy, and at the last one, in Alton, 5,000 to 10,000.
What happened at the Great Debate?
The Great Debate, also called the Shapley–Curtis Debate, was held on 26 April 1920 at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis. It concerned the nature of so-called spiral nebulae and the size of the universe.
Who won the Great Debate 1860?
The debate began a bitter three-year dispute between Owen and Huxley over human origins, satirised by Charles Kingsley as the "Great Hippocampus Question", which concluded with the defeat of Owen and his backers.
How long is the Great Debate?
What is the Great Debate? The Great Debate is a public speaking competition where students have five minutes to present their speech arguing their answer to the question.
What is the closest galaxy to us?
the Canis Major Dwarf GalaxyDistance Information The closest known galaxy to us is the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy, at 236,000,000,000,000,000 km (25,000 light years) from the Sun. The Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy is the next closest , at 662,000,000,000,000,000 km (70,000 light years) from the Sun.
How did Hubble settle the debate?
1 Answer. Hubble measured the distance to the Andromeda Spiral Nebula and showed that it lies outside the Milkyway galaxy. This settled the debate about the nature of spiral nebulae.
How many galaxies are there?
If we made the most straightforward estimate using today's best technology, we'd state there are 170 billion galaxies in our Universe. But we know more than that, and our modern estimate is even grander: two trillion galaxies.
When was the second great debate?
The Second Great Debate was in the 1960s, held between scholars from the two sides of the Atlantic; namely, Hedley Bull from the United Kingdom and Morton Kaplan from the United States of America. The two represented the debates over methods employed to understand relations of states in the world.
What are the 4 great debates in international relations?
These disputes throughout IR's short history have come to be known as 'The Great Debates', and though disputed it is generally felt there have been four, namely 'Realism/Liberalism', 'Traditionalism/Behaviouralism', 'Neorealism/Neoliberalism' and the most recent 'Rationalism/Reflectivism'.
Why the second great debate emerged in IR?
After the Second World War idealist and realist (Traditionalism) viewpoints has begun to be seen as anachronistic and abnormal. The impact of these developments was a need for new analysis tools. The discipline has triggered the birth of the second great debate, also called Traditionalism- Behavioralism debate.
What are some good historical debate topics?
Debate 1: How Should Society Balance the Need for Tolerance with the Need to Protect Itself? Debate 2: How Powerful Should the National Government Be? Debate 3: Who Should Be Allowed to Vote? Debate 4: Should Women Have Equal Treatment Under the Law?
How did the isolationist mood change in the 1930s?
Neither the rise of Adolf Hitler to power nor the escalation of Japanese expansionism did much to change the nation’s isolationist mood in the 1930s. Most Americans still believed the nation’s interests were best served by staying out of foreign conflicts and focusing on problems at home, especially the devastating effects of the Great Depression. Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts in the late 1930s, aiming to prevent future involvement in foreign wars by banning American citizens from trading with nations at war, loaning them money, or traveling on their ships.
Why was the US ambivalent about the war?
The US ambivalence about the war grew out of the isolationist sentiment that had long been a part of the American political landscape and had pervaded the nation since World War I. Hundreds of thousands of Americans were either killed or wounded during that conflict, and President Woodrow Wilson’s idealistic plan to ensure permanent peace through international cooperation and American leadership failed to become a reality. Many Americans were disillusioned by how little their efforts had accomplished and felt that getting so deeply involved on the global stage in 1917 had been a mistake.
What was the best policy for the United States?
The best policy, they claimed, was for the United States to build up its own defenses and avoid antagonizing either side. Neutrality, combined with the power of the US military and the protection of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, would keep Americans safe while the Europeans sorted out their own problems.
What percentage of Americans believed their government should risk war to help the British?
As late as June, only 35% of Americans believed their government should risk war to help the British. Soon after, however, France fell, and in August the German Luftwaffe began an all-out bombing campaign against Great Britain.
What year did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
From the Collection to the Classroom: Teaching History with The National WWII Museum. Learn More. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, ended the debate over American intervention in both the Pacific and European theaters of World War II. The day after the attack, Congress declared war on Imperial Japan with only ...
What was jazz in the 1940s?
Jazz in the late 1940s moved away from big band jazz and morphed into a new expressive form that reflected social developments and post-war realities.
Which countries responded to the attack on Pearl Harbor?
Germany and Italy— Japan ’s allies—responded by declaring war against the United States. Faced with these realities and incensed by the attack on Pearl Harbor, everyday Americans enthusiastically supported the war effort. Isolation was no longer an option. Topics. Home Front. From the Collection to the Classroom.
Who took part in the Great Debate?
Photo by George Skadding/The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images.
How did astronomy’s Great Debate come about?
Cosmic expansion hadn’t been discovered yet – although a handful of spiral nebulae had had their uncannily large recession velocities measured.
Could spiral nebula be distant galaxies?
If spiral nebulae are huge collections of stars comparable to our Milky Way Galaxy, they would need to be tens of millions of lightyears away, and many of the ‘new stars’ (novae) in these nebulae – including the conspicuous one that was seen in the ‘Andromeda Nebula’ (Galaxy) in 1885 – would be much more luminous than typical galactic novae.
How far away is the Andromeda Galaxy from the Milky Way?
Today, astronomers realise that Shapley’s Milky Way Galaxy was over two and a half times too big, while Curtis’s version was some four times too small and the Andromeda Galaxy is actually 2.5 million lightyears away.
How far away would the Andromeda Nebula be?
If the ‘Andromeda Nebula’ was a similar-sized galaxy, it would then be some 500,000 lightyears away – not that unimaginable, although Curtis realised that the faintest ones would have to be at distances on the order of a hundred million lightyears. The Andromeda Galaxy. Credit: Brian Cummins.
How much smaller was the galaxy than Shapley's?
As for the brightness of stellar outbursts in spiral nebulae – which was less of a problem for him, since he believed galaxies to be 10 times smaller than Shapley’s 300,000 lightyears and therefore closer – Curtis presciently wrote: “A division into two magnitude classes is not impossible.”
What was the Curtis-Shapley debate of 1920 about?
In 1920, astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis came together to take part in the Great Debate about the scale of the Universe.
Why did the Federalists feel that the Bill of Rights was not necessary?
The Federalists felt that this addition wasn't necessary, because they believed that the Constitution as it stood only limited the government not the people.
How many states did the Constitution need to be ratified?
However, under the Articles, when the Founding Fathers signed the Constitution in 1787, it needed the ratification from nine states before it could go into effect.
How many amendments were passed after the Constitution was enacted?
As a result, after the Constitution was enacted, Congress sent a set of twelve amendments to the states. Ten of these amendments were immediately ratified into the Bill of Rights. Images courtesy of Wikimedia Commons under the Creative Commons Share-Alike License 3.0.
What was the Great Debate?
The Great Debate. The transition from the Articles of Confederation to the United States Constitution wasn't a seamless one, and fixing the problems of the Articles of Confederation required a series of lengthy debates both during and after the convention. But one thing was certain, something had to be changed.
What did the Anti-Federalists oppose?
The Anti-Federalists. In the ratification debate, the Anti-Federalists opposed to the Constitution. They complained that the new system threatened liberties, and failed to protect individual rights. The Anti-Federalists weren't exactly a united group, but instead involved many elements.
Why did some factions oppose the Constitution?
One faction opposed the Constitution because they thought stronger government threatened the sovereignty of the states. Others argued that a new centralized government would have all the characteristics of the despotism of Great Britain they had fought so hard to remove themselves from.
What was the role of the Anti-Federalists in the creation of the Bill of Rights?
Although the Anti-Federalists were unsuccessful in the prevention of the adoption of the Constitution, their efforts were responsible for the creation and implementation of the Bill of Rights.
What is the Great Debaters based on?
It is based on an article written about the Wiley College debate team by Tony Scherman for the spring 1997 issue of American Legacy.
How much did The Great Debaters grosse?
The Great Debaters debuted at No. 11 in its first weekend with a total of $6,005,180 from 1,171 venues. The film grossed $30,236,407 in the US.
Where was Denzel Washington's debate filmed?
June 2007, after completing filming at Central High School, Grand Cane, Louisiana, Washington donated $10,000 to Central High School.
Is the movie The Great Debaters based on a true story?
Based on a true story, the plot revolves around the efforts of debate coach Melvin B. Tolson ( Denzel Washington) at Wiley College, a historically black college related to the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (now The United Methodist Church ), to place his team on equal footing with whites in the American South during the 1930s, when Jim Crow laws were common and lynch mobs were a fear for blacks. The Wiley team eventually succeeds to the point where they are able to debate Harvard University. (In 1935, the Wiley College debate team defeated the reigning national debate champion, the University of Southern California, depicted as Harvard University in The Great Debaters).
Who did the Wiley team beat in the 1930s?
The film depicts the Wiley Debate team beating Harvard College in the 1930s. The real Wiley team instead defeated the University of Southern California, who at the time were the reigning debating champions.
Is the movie "Playing It Safe" safe?
Some critics have criticized the film for "playing it safe.". John Monaghan of the Detroit Free Press stated, "Serious moviegoers, especially those attracted by the movie's aggressive Oscar campaign, will likely find the package gorgeously wrapped, but intellectually empty.".
Who said "An unjust law is no law at all"?
The key line of dialogue, used several times, is a famous paraphrase of theologian St. Augustine of Hippo: "An unjust law is no law at all.". Another major line, repeated in slightly different versions according to context, concerns doing what you "have to do" in order that we "can do" what we "want to do.".
How many debates did Nixon have?
Nixon had a slim lead in polls going into the first debate. The candidates held four debates in total, three of them in October. The first in Chicago was the one that left the most memorable impression. The debate is credited by some with swinging a close election in favor of the more telegenic Kennedy. CBS’s Don Hewitt, right, prepares Nixon ...
Why did the Kennedy camp push for the debates?
The Kennedy camp pushed for the debates, knowing their candidate had much to gain because he had far less recognition nationwide than Nixon did as the current vice president. Kennedy and Nixon (both seated) listen to 60 Minutes founder Don Hewitt (C), the producer-director of the first-ever televised presidential debate, ...
What was the first debate between Nixon and Kennedy?
Nixon and Kennedy debate. The first debate centered on domestic policy issues. It also marked the beginning of television playing a significant role in politics with 70 million viewers tuning in to watch. Kennedy, 43, was a first-time senator from Massachusetts.
Why did Nixon wipe his face?
Vice President Nixon wipes his face with a handkerchief in Chicago, Sept. 26, 1960. His profuse sweating on stage created a poor impression. Nixon came off pale and unhealthy both because he was, in fact, ill with the flu and refused television makeup.
When did Kennedy make his point during the debate with Nixon?
The telegenic Kennedy makes a point during his debate with Nixon in Washington, Oct. 7, 1960.
What was the impact of the Kennedy-Nixon debate?
The Kennedy-Nixon debate matchup had a major impact on the 1960 election much to Nixon’s detriment. Radio listeners said Nixon won, but television viewers overwhelmingly picked Kennedy.
Where was Jacqueline Kennedy's home?
Jacqueline Kennedy, wife of the Democratic presidential candidate, watches, her husband debate with Vice President Richard Nixon on television in her home in Hyannis Port, Mass., Sept. 26, 1960.
How many Illinois congressional districts did Lincoln and Douglas debate?
Lincoln and Douglas agreed to debate in seven of the nine Illinois Congressional Districts; the seven where Douglas had not already spoken.
How many times did Douglas go first in the debates?
In the seven debates, Douglas, as the incumbent, was allowed to go first four times. We are deeply indebted to the work of the Abraham Lincoln Association in collecting Lincoln's writings and publishing them as The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln.
Who owns the copyright to the Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln?
The copyright to The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln is owned by the Abraham Lincoln Association, and any further copying or use of these debate transcripts must be with their permission. First Debate Ottawa, Illinois, August 21, 1858. Second Debate Freeport, Illinois, August 27, 1858.
Who was the opponent of Lincoln in the 1858 debate?
The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of formal political debates between the challenger, Abraham Lincoln, and the incumbent, Stephen A. Douglas, in a campaign for one of Illinois' two United States Senate seats.
Why did Lincoln attack Douglas?
Lincoln attacked Douglas for his support of the Supreme Court’s notorious 1857 decision in the Dred Scott case, which denied citizenship to all Black people, enslaved or free, and accused him of seeking to make slavery legal throughout the United States. In the second debate, on August 27 in Freeport, Lincoln asked Douglas whether or not popular sovereignty allowed settlers to exclude slavery from a territory before it joined the Union. Douglas said yes, clarifying that territories could choose not to enforce Dred Scott by withholding protection for slaveholders under local law. Known as the Freeport Doctrine, this stance alienated many Southerners and would come back to haunt Douglas during his 1860 presidential run.
What were the differences between Lincoln and Douglas?
Aside from the physical contrast—Lincoln was tall, lanky and rumpled; Douglas short, stocky and dressed in expensive suits —the two men represented starkly opposing viewpoints on the issues at hand. From their first debate on August 21 in Ottawa, Douglas accused Lincoln of running on a radically antislavery “Black Republican” platform and attempted to link him with leading abolitionists like Frederick Douglass.
What were the issues that Lincoln and Douglas discussed?
The issues they discussed were not only of critical importance to the sectional conflict over slavery and states’ rights but also touched deeper questions that would continue to influence political discourse. As Lincoln said, the issues would be discussed long after “these poor tongues of Judge Douglas and myself shall be silent.”
How many times did Lincoln and Douglas meet?
Lincoln and Douglas met in seven debates between August and October 1858, located in different congressional districts around the state. In all, they traveled over 4,000 miles during the Senate campaign. While Lincoln traveled by railroad, carriage or boat, Douglas rode in a private train fitted with a cannon that fired a shot every time he arrived in a new location.
What was the impact of the Lincoln-Douglas debates?
Impact of the Lincoln-Douglas Debates. In the elections held in November 1858, Lincoln and other Republican candidates won 53 percent of the popular vote statewide. But the congressional districts represented in the Illinois legislature at the time favored the Democrats, and the state legislature chose to return Douglas to the Senate.
What state did Douglas win?
Douglas succeeded in winning the Democratic nomination in 1860, but with Southern Democrats backing John Breckenridge, he won only one state: Missouri.
What did Douglas say about Lincoln's views on race?
Douglas repeatedly attacked Lincoln’s supposed radical views on race, claiming his opponent would not only grant citizenship rights to freed slaves but allow Black men to marry white women (an idea that horrified many white Americans) and that his views would put the nation on an inevitable path to war.
