where did the odawa tribe live in michigan

Full Answer

What happened to the Odawa tribe in Michigan?

During the American Revolution and the War of 1812, the Odawa sided with the British, Chief Jean-Baptiste Assikinack being one of their leaders in the War of 1812. After signing treaties in the 1820s and 1830s with the Americans, many Odawa in Michigan moved to Manitoulin Island.

Where did the Odawa and Potawatomi live?

When the French arrived in the Great Lakes the Odawa had approximately three thousand people. The Potawatomi, whose four thousand members lived in southern Wisconsin when the Europeans arrived, moved around the southern tip of Lake Michigan and settled in northern Indiana and southwestern Michigan in the early seventeenth century.

Where did the Odawa come from?

According to Anishinaabeg tradition, and from recordings in Wiigwaasabak (birch bark scrolls), the Odawa people came from the eastern areas of North America, or Turtle Island, and from along the East Coast (where there are numerous Algonquian-language peoples).

What is the difference between Odawa and Ojibwa?

The Ojibwa ( Ojibwe ), or "To-roast-till-puckered-up," went northwest to Sault Ste Marie. Odawa (or Ottawa) are an Algonquian-speaking people (see Indigenous Languages in Canada) living north of the Huron-Wendat at the time of French penetration to the Upper Great Lakes.

Where are the Odawa located?

CanadaThe Odawa (also Ottawa or Odaawaa /oʊˈdɑːwə/), said to mean "traders", are an Indigenous American ethnic group who primarily inhabit land in the Eastern Woodlands region, commonly known as the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.

Where is the Odawa tribe from?

The Odawa/Ottawa are one of the three original tribes of Michigan. The Odawa/Ottawa along with the Potawatomi ”Bode wad mi” and the Ojibwa/Chippewa are known as the people of the Three fires. They call themselves Anishinabe. The name Odawa/Ottawa comes from the word “adawe”, which means to trade.

What Indian tribes were located in Michigan?

Before the French and British came here in the 1600s and 1700s, Michigan was home to several tribes. Michigan's three largest tribes are the Ojibwe (also called Chippewa), the Odawa (also called Ottowa) and the Potawatomi (also called the Bode'wadmi). They share common language, customs and beliefs.

What is the Odawa tribe known for?

The Ottawa, also known as the Odawa, are Algonquian-speaking tribe who originally lived on the East Coast and migrated into Michigan, Ohio and southern Canada. Their name is from the Indian word “adawe” meaning “traders” because they had long been known as intertribal traders and barterers.

What language do Odawa Indians speak?

The Ottawa language, also known as Odawa, is one of the many language varieties making up what is commonly known as Ojibwe. These languages are still spoken across Canada and the northern United States. Ottawa is a member of the Central Algonquian branch of the Algic language family.

What is Odawa culture?

Odawa (or Ottawa) are an Algonquian-speaking people (see Indigenous Languages in Canada) living north of the Huron-Wendat at the time of French penetration to the Upper Great Lakes. A tradition of the Odawa, shared by the Ojibwa and Potawatomi, states that these three groups were once one people.

What is the biggest Indian tribe in Michigan?

The Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians is the largest federally recognized tribe in Michigan, outnumbering the next largest tribe, the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, by a scale of about 10 to one. It was recognized in 1972 with five units in seven counties.

What are the 12 tribes in Michigan?

Michigan tribal governments include:Bay Mills Chippewa Indian Community.Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians.Hannahville Potawatomi Indian Community.Huron Potawatomi-Nottawaseppi Huron Band Potawatomi.Keweenaw Bay Indian Community.Sault Ste. ... Little Traverse Bay Band of Odawa Indians.More items...

Where is tribal land in Michigan?

The Keweenaw Bay Indian Community of the Lake Superior Band of Chippewa Indians is located approximately 65 miles north of Marquette, Michigan in the L'Anse/Baraga Michigan area and has dual land bases on both sides of the Keweenaw Bay Peninsula in Baraga County.

What did the Odawa tribe wear?

Ottawa women wore long dresses with detachable sleeves, and in the winter, they wore robes made of rabbit skin. But Ottawa men usually went naked or wore only a cloak, even in cold weather and in battle, to show how tough they were. The Ottawas usually wore leather moccasins on their feet.

What did the Odawa eat?

Like longhouses, these homes also had a pole frame covered with bark, but they were smaller and dome-shaped. The Ottawa grew corn, beans, squash, and peas. They also gathered wild plant foods, fished, and hunted deer, rabbits and other animals.

When did the Odawa tribe start?

The Ottawa [Or Odawa, Canadian] originally lived along the Ottawa River in eastern Ontario and western Quebec at the time of European arrival in the early 1600s. Their historic homelands also included Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, and what is now Michigan's Upper Peninsula.

How did the Odawa tribe live?

They lived in villages of birchbark houses called waginogan, or wigwams. There were also longhouses and sweat lodges in Ottawa villages. Here are some pictures of Indian house styles like the homes Ottawa Indians used. Today, Native Americans only build a wigwam for fun or to connect with their heritage.

Does the Chippewa tribe still exist?

The Chippewa today are of mixed blood, mostly Native, French and English. Many live on reservations in Canada and the United States (Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Montana and North Dakota).

Where is the Ottawa Tribe now?

The Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma is made up of descendants of the Ottawa who, after migrating from Canada into Michigan, agreed to live in the area around Fort Detroit and Maumee River in Ohio.

Where did Navajo Indians live?

The Native American Navajo tribe is one of the largest tribes of American Indians. They lived in the Southwest in areas that are today Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah. The name "Navajo" comes from the Spanish who called them the Apaches of Navajo.

Where did the Ottawa tribe live?

Many of the Ottawa band then moved into northern Michigan. Great Treaty held at Prarie du Chien, Wisconsin were numerous tribes, including the Ottawa, gave up their lands in 1825, by J.O. Lewis.

When did the Ottawa tribe come back?

government decided that the Oklahoma Ottawa served no purpose and terminated them. The Ottawa fought back and were reinstated as a federally recognized tribe in 1978.

What tribes fought the Iroquois Confederacy?

They considered this their original homeland. The Ottawa were part of a long-term alliance, called the Council of Three Fires, with the Ojibwe and Potawatomi, who had common or similar language, manners, and customs. These three tribes fought the Iroquois Confederacy and the Dakota people.

What tribes did Pontiac fight?

The united tribes included the Ottawa, Ojibwa, Potawatomi, Huron, Miami, Wea, Kickapoo, Mascouten , Piankashaw, Delaware, Shawnee, and the Seneca. Attack on Fort Detroit, Michigan.

What was the battle between the Mohawk and the Ottawa tribes?

Struggle between a Mohawk Indian and a colonial militiaman. Over the years, competition in the fur trade caused disputes between the Ottawa and other tribes. In the mid-17th century, they were allied with other Algonquian tribes around the Great Lakes against the powerful Mohawk who had moved westward from New York.

What did the Ottawa do after the Indian Removal Act?

After the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the US government arranged for the Ottawa to cede all of their reserves in 1831. In 1833, the United States forced the Ottawa to give up their few remaining lands in Ohio. In 1837, they were removed to west of the Mississippi River, first to Iowa, then to Kansas. Within five years of moving to Kansas, nearly half of the Ottawa had died. In 1862, the Ottawa were allotted 74,000 acres of land that would be used and sold to raise money to build a Baptist school for the education of whites and Indians in the area. This school later became the University of Ottawa, which is still active today.

Why was Ottawa important to the French?

From the start of the colony of New France (Canada), the Ottawa became important to the French in the fur trade business. In 1701 the French colonists built Fort Detroit in Michigan and established a trading post there. Many Ottawa moved there from their traditional homeland.

What tribes lived in Michigan?

Michigan’s three largest tribes are the Ojibwe (also called Chippewa), the Odawa (also called Ottowa) and the Potawatomi (also called the Bode’wadmi). They share common language, customs and beliefs.

What did the Anishinaabe do?

In warmer months, people hunted and fished, built birch bark canoes, wove fishing nets and planted and harvested crops.

Where did the Indians live in Michigan?

I have seen a number of writings by different men who attempted to give an account of the Indians who formerly occupied the Straits of Mackinac and Mackinac Island, (that historic little island which stands at the entrance of the strait,) also giving an account of the Indians who lived and are yet living in Michigan, scattered through the counties of Emmet, Cheboygan, Charlevoix, Antrim, Grand Traverse, and in the region of Thunder Bay, on the west shore of Lake Huron.

What was the last race of Indians in Michigan?

I deem it not improper to present the history of the last race of Indians now existing in the State of Michigan, called the Ottawa and Chippewa Nations of Indians.

Why were the Chippewas and the Ottawas called Michilimackinong?

This is the time, according to the Ottawa traditions, that the Iroquois of New York came upon this race of people and almost entirely annihilated them, and the Ottawas and Chippewas called this Island Michilimackinong in order to perpetuate the name of these unfortunate Indians.

Why did the Chippewas want war?

The Chippewas proposed war to settle the question of murder, while the Ottawas proposed compromise and restitution for the murder. Finally the Ottawas succeeded in settling the difficulty by ceding part of their country to the Chippewa nation, which is now known and distinguished as the Grand Traverse Region.

Why were the Ottawas reduced in numbers?

However it was a notable fact that by this time the Ottawas were greatly reduced in numbers from what they were in former times, on account of the small-pox which they brought from Montreal during the French war with Great Britain.

What did the British tell the British Government about Odjebwes?

They told the British Government that their brother Odjebwes were few in number, while the British were in great numbers and daily increasing from an unknown part of the world across the ocean.

Who was the head counselor of the Ottawa tribe?

Ego-me-nay— Corn-hanger—was the head counselor and speaker of the Ottawa tribe of Indians at that time, and, according to our knowledge, Ego-me-nay was the leading one who went with those survivors of the massacre, and he was the man who made the speech before the august assembly in the British council hall at Montreal at that time.

Where is Odawa located?

Last Edited. September 27, 2019. Odawa (or Ottawa) are an Algonquian-speaking people ( see Indigenous Languages in Canada) living north of the Huron-Wendat at the time of French penetration to the Upper Great Lakes.

What is the Odawa language?

In 1996, there were 7386 registered Odawa in Canada. Some 5000 lived in the US, on reservations in Michigan, Wisconsin and Oklahoma. The Odawa language is a dialect of Ojibway ( Ojibwe ), part of the Algonquian language family. In the 2016 Census, 28,130 Indigenous people were listed as Ojibway speakers.

What was the Odawa's economy?

Early Settlement and Economy. The farming, fishing, hunting and trading economy of the Odawa resembled that of other Great Lakes people ( see Eastern Woodlands Indigenous Peoples in Canada ). The Odawa were closely tied to their Huron neighbours and, in fact, were a vital part of the so-called "Huron Trading Empire.".

Where did the Ojibwa live?

Odawa (or Ottawa) are an Algonquian-speaking people (see Indigenous Languages in Canada) living north of the Huron-Wendat at the time of French penetration to the Upper Great Lakes.

Who was Odawa's leader during the American Revolution?

During the American Revolution and the War of 1812, the Odawa sided with the British. Chief Jean-Baptiste Assikinack was one of the Odawa’s leaders in the War of 1812. After signing treaties in the 1820s and 1830s with the Americans, many Odawa in Michigan moved to Manitoulin Island. Assikinack, who had become a Roman Catholic catechist, persuaded many of his people on the island to become Christians. Although Assikinack supported the surrender of Manitoulin Island to the government of the Province of Canada in 1862, many Odawa refused and the eastern section of the island, at Wikwemikong, remains unceded land.

Where did the Algonquians split?

The division of the Upper Great Lake Algonquians apparently took place at Michilimackinac, the meeting point of lakes Huron and Michigan.

What tribes lived in the Great Lakes?

They are the Anishinaabe, a group of woodland Indians, consisting of several Algonquian tribes: the Algonquin, the Ojibwe, the Odawa, the Potawatomi, the Mascoutin, ...

What did the Ojibwe tribe consider to be a gift?

The Ojibwe tribe considered the flora and their crops to be gifts of the great creator spirit Gichi Manidoo and respected the spirits of each tree, shrub, and grain of corn. Birch and Maple trees were particularly important to the woodland tribes. Birches were peeled during the summer.

What were the customary practices of the Michigan Indians?

Customary Practices and Objects. There were various items that were imbued with special meanings and played key roles in the Michigan Indians' culture. One of them was the dreamcatcher which was a protective charm with spiderweb design used to trap evil spirits that meddled with people's dreams.

What did the Woodland Tribes do in the winter?

In the winter they mostly hunted beavers, muskrats, raccoons, deer, elks, bisons, and black bears for their meat and skins. In the spring they harvested nuts, wild fruit, and vegetables such as berries, onions and rice. In some cases, the native people farmed corn, squash, beads, and pumpkin. Moving was a regular occurrence in their societies, traveling on foot and canоеs to other camps whenever resources were depleted or seasons changed. Their housing ranged from wigwams to tipis and longhouses.

What tribes shared the same beliefs?

Although they have their individual differences, the Algonquin, Ojibwe and Potawatomi shared religious beliefs and many of their customs. Because they shared the same land, the interactions between members of the different tribes often resulted in them influencing and adopting from each others' culture.

Overview

Modern history

The population of the different Odawa groups has been estimated. In 1906, the Ojibwe and Odawa on Manitoulin and Cockburn Island were 1,497, of whom about half were Odawa. There were 197 Odawa listed as associated with the Seneca School in Oklahoma, where some Odawa had settled after the American Civil War. In 1900 in Michigan there were 5,587 scattered Ojibwe and Odawa, of whom about two-thirds are Odawa.

Tribe name

Language

Early history

Known villages

Governments

Notable Odawa people