When was Walter Gropius born?
Updated April 21, 2019. German architect Walter Gropius (born May 18, 1883, in Berlin) helped launch modern architecture in the 20th century when he was asked by the German government to run a new school, the Bauhaus in Weimar in 1919.
Where did Walter Gropius study architecture?
Bauhaus School fame architect Walter Gropius was born on May 18, 1883 in Berlin, Germany. Gropius was the son of an architect father and studied architecture at a technical institute in Munich from 1903 to 1904 and in Berlin–Charlottenburg from 1905–1907.
How well do you know Walter Gropius?
Walter Gropius is a modernist architect remembered as the father of the Bauhaus style of architecture. His exceeding brilliance and perseverance in the face of adversity have left an everlasting tale of personal and professional triumph. 1. Walter Gropius dropped out With a lineage of architects, it is not surprising that he ended up an architect.
Who was Martin Gropius?
Walter's uncle Martin Gropius (1824-1880) was the architect of the Kunstgewerbemuseum in Berlin and a follower of Karl Friedrich Schinkel, with whom Walter's great-grandfather Carl Gropius, who fought under Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher at the Battle of Waterloo, had shared a flat as a bachelor.
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Where was Walter Gropius from?
Berlin, GermanyWalter Gropius / Place of birth
When did Walter Gropius move to the US?
In February 1937 Gropius arrived in Cambridge, Mass., to become professor of architecture at Harvard University. The following year he was made chairman of the department, a post he held until his retirement in 1952. He became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1944.
When did Gropius leave Germany?
1934Post-Bauhaus (1933–1945) With the help of the English architect Maxwell Fry, Gropius was able to leave Nazi Germany in 1934, on the pretext of making a temporary visit to Italy for a film propaganda festival; he then fled to Britain to avoid the fascist powers of Europe.
Where did Walter Gropius go to school?
Berlin Institute of Technology1905–1907Technische Universität München1903–1904Walter Gropius/Education
What can Bauhaus mean?
Definition of Bauhaus : of, relating to, or influenced by a school of design noted especially for a program that synthesized technology, craftsmanship, and design aesthetics.
Why did Walter Gropius leave Germany?
In 1934, with the help of the English architect Maxwell Fry, Gropius and his family (they had adopted the young daughter of Ise's sister after her untimely death) escaped Germany for Britain, relocating to Hampstead in London.
Who owns Bauhaus Germany?
Heinz-Georg BausNow, the founder of German home improvement chain Bauhaus AG, Heinz-Georg Baus, also joins the billionaire ranks. Over five decades Baus, 79, built Bauhaus AG (not to be confused with the design school or modernist architectural style) into a chain with 220 stores in 16 European countries.
Why did Bauhaus move to Dessau?
The Bauhaus was founded in Weimar 1919 by Walter Gropius and remained there until 1925 when it moved to Dessau due to political pressure. It was housed in two neighbouring buildings that had previously been two separate art schools, both designed in the Art Nouveau style by Henry van de Velde.
What caused Bauhaus?
The Bauhaus was founded in 1919 in the city of Weimar by German architect Walter Gropius (1883–1969). Its core objective was a radical concept: to reimagine the material world to reflect the unity of all the arts.
What defines Bauhaus architecture?
Bauhaus architecture's characteristics include functional shapes, abstract shapes used sparingly for décor, simple color schemes, holistic design, and basic industrial materials like concrete, steel, and glass.
What is Walter Gropius best known for quizlet?
What is Walter Gropius best known for? He created the Bauhaus school of architecture.
What was Walter Gropius inspired by?
Gropius and Meyer were influenced by Wright's style especially in the horizontality and the wide overhanging eaves, but also in the symmetry, the corner pavilions, and the whole spirit of Wright's concept.
What is Walter Gropius best known for quizlet?
What is Walter Gropius best known for? He created the Bauhaus school of architecture.
Why did Walter Gropius started the Bauhaus?
The Bauhaus was founded in 1919 in the city of Weimar by German architect Walter Gropius (1883–1969). Its core objective was a radical concept: to reimagine the material world to reflect the unity of all the arts.
Who influenced Bauhaus?
Bill, Moholy-Nagy, and Albers were especially important in adapting the Bauhaus philosophy to a new era: Moholy-Nagy and Albers refashioned it into one more suitable to a modern research university operating in a market-oriented culture, while Bill played a significant role in spreading geometric abstraction throughout ...
Who is Walter Gropius?
Walter Gropius, in full Walter Adolph Gropius, (born May 18, 1883, Berlin, Ger.—died July 5, 1969, Boston, Mass., U.S.), German American architect and educator who, particularly as director of the Bauhaus (1919–28), exerted a major influence on the development of modern architecture.
Where did Gropius work?
He worked briefly in an architectural office in Berlin (1904) and saw military service (1904–05). Before completing school he built his first buildings, farm labourers’ cottages in Pomerania (1906). For a year he traveled in Italy, Spain, and England, and in 1907 he joined the office of the architect Peter Behrens in Berlin.
What did Gropius do in 1911?
In 1911 he became a member of the German Labour League ( Deutscher Werkbund ), which had been founded in 1907 to ally creative designers with machine production. Gropius argued for such building techniques as prefabrication of parts and assembly on the site.
What were the buildings that Gropius designed?
Gropius’ growing intellectual leadership was complemented by his design of two significant buildings, both done in collaboration with Adolph Meyer: the Fagus Works at Alfeld-an-der-Leine (1911) and the model office and factory buildings in Cologne (1914) done for the Werkbund Exposition. The Fagus Works, bolder than any of Behrens’ works, is marked by large areas of glass wall broken by visible steel supports, the whole done with little affectation. The Cologne buildings were more formal, some say influenced by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Together these two buildings testify to Gropius’ design maturity prior to World War I.
What did Gropius see in architecture?
Gropius saw architecture and design as ever changing , always related to the contemporary world. He spoke of the architect’s duty to encompass the total visual environment. He himself designed furniture, a railroad car, and an automobile. He emphasized housing and city planning, the usefulness of sociology, and the necessity of using teams of specialists.
What was the requirement for Gropius to teach Bauhaus?
A key tenet of Gropius’ Bauhaus teaching was the requirement that the architect and designer undergo a practical crafts training to acquaint himself with materials and processes. Although the program was to have been a comprehensive one, budget limitations permitted only a portion of the crafts shops to open.
When did the Bauhaus move to Dessau?
In 1925 the Bauhaus moved to Dessau with the promise of better financial support and an escape from the growing antagonism of the conservative Weimar community. In Dessau, Gropius designed the school building and faculty housing (1925–26).
Where was Walter Gropius born?
Walter Gropius was born in Berlin to Walter Adolph Gropius, a government official and Manon Auguste Pauline Scharnweber, the daughter of the Prussian politician Georg Scharnweber. His parents were wealthy and well connected and Gropius spent his summers on the estates of landowning members of the family. Walter Gropius Senior had a keen interest in architecture and Gropius's uncle, Martin Gropius, was also an established architect, his biggest commission being the design for the Museum of Decorative Arts in Berlin (1881), consequently Gropius's interest in architecture was encouraged from a young age.
Who was Walter Gropius?
Not only was Walter Gropius one of the pioneers of modern architecture, he was the founder of the Bauhaus, a revolutionary art school in Germany. The Bauhaus replaced traditional teaching methods with a flexible artistic community, focusing on a collaborative approach to learning and the creation of integrated design projects.
What did Gropius believe?
Gropius believed that all design should be approached through a study of the problems that needed to be addressed and he consequently followed the modernist principle that functionality should dictate form. He applied these beliefs to wider social issues, designing affordable housing in the interwar period and seeking to improve physical conditions for factory workers through his architecture.
Why was Gropius interested in glass?
Gropius was particularly intrigued by how good design could benefit society as a whole and in this design he saw the use of glass as advantageous for the factory workers, who would be exposed to more light and fresh air than they had been in the enclosed brick factories of the 19 th century.
Who was the founder of the Bauhaus movement?
Documentary that traces the development of the Bauhaus movement from its formation in Weimar by Walter Gropius to the establishment of the Bauhaus School in Dessau. Reflections on the BSA: Walter Gropius. An interview with Walter Gropius.
Who designed the Fagus building?
The entrance and clock date from a 1913 expansion to the building, also designed by Gropius and Meyer. The building was commissioned by Carl Benscheidt, the General Manager of Fagus, a company that specialized in the manufacture of shoe lasts, foot-shaped forms that were used in the production and repair of shoes.
Who is Walter Gropius?
Walter Adolph Georg Gropius was a renowned German-American architect. He is counted among the pioneers of modern architecture along with the likes of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright, German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer. He established the ‘Bauhaus’ design school in Weimar following which he came ...
Where did Martin Gropius study architecture?
His father and uncle, Martin Gropius were architects. He studied architecture in technical colleges, first in Munich from 1903 to 1904 and then in Berlin from 1905 to 1907, though he did not receive any degree. After he completed architecture studies, he travelled for a year and visited England, Spain and Italy.
What was the project that Gropius was involved in?
During 1929 to 1930 he was involved in designing a part of the Siemensstadt project in Berlin. The upsurge of the Nazis in 1930s and rule of Hitler saw forced closure of ‘Bauhaus’ in 1933. The following year Gropius tactfully fled from Germany on the pretext of visiting Italy for a film festival.
When did Alma and Gropius divorce?
The couple divorced in 1920, as Alma got romantically involved with Austrian poet, novelist and playwright Franz Werfer. Gropius married for the second time on October 16, 1923, to Ilse Frank. The Couple adopted a girl, Beate Gropius. On July 5, 1969, he died in Boston, Massachusetts.
When did Gropius design the Bauhaus?
When the ‘Bauhaus’ shifted to Dessau, Gropius designed and developed its school building as also the faculty housing from 1925 to 1932.
Where did Peter Behrens travel?
After he completed architecture studies, he travelled for a year and visited England, Spain and Italy. Thereafter, he joined architectural office of Peter Behrens, a co-founder of the German association ‘Deutscher Werkbund’ and an early member of modernist school of architecture.
Who were the teachers of the Bauhaus?
He gradually transformed the school into the world renowned ‘Bauhaus’ that drew distinguished and extraordinary teachers like Josef Albers, Otto Bartning, Paul Klee and László Moholy-Nagy among others.
When did Gropius leave Germany?
In 1934 Gropius left Germany and after short visits to Italy and Britain he finally got settled in the United States. There he made his own house following the principles used in Bauhaus School and ended up bringing international modernism to the United States.
Where did Gropius study architecture?
Gropius was the son of an architect father and studied architecture at a technical institute in Munich from 1903 to 1904 and in Berlin–Charlottenburg from 1905–1907. He got his first building built even before getting the professional degree of architecture.
What was the name of the school that Gropius set up?
Gropius had a firm faith in teamwork. He materialized this belief of his in Bauhaus School as well. Thus, moving on with this faith he set up the young architects’ association, The Architects Collaborative (TAC) in 1946. A major project on credit of this firm was the Graduate Center of Harvard University in Cambridge.
Who is the architect who started his own firm?
In 1910 Gropius started his own architecture firm. Walter Gropius is counted among the pioneers of modern architecture. In early days of practice Gropius worked on some factory and office buildings. Gropius showcased his modernist approach in front of the world through an article that he published in 1913. In the article he talked about the ...
Who was Walter Gropius?
German architect Walter Gropius (born May 18, 1883, in Berlin) helped launch modern architecture in the 20th century when he was asked by the German government to run a new school, the Bauhaus in Weimar in 1919. As an art educator, Gropius soon defined the Bauhaus school of design with his 1923 Idee und Aufbau des staatlichen Bauhauses Weimar ...
What did Walter Gropius believe?
Walter Gropius believed that all design should be functional as well as aesthetically pleasing. His Bauhaus school pioneered a functional, severely simple architectural style, featuring the elimination of surface decoration and extensive use of glass.
When did Gropius leave the school?
By 1925 the institution found more space and stability by relocating from Weimar to Dessau, the site of the iconic glass Bauhaus Building Gropius designed. By 1928, having directed the school since 1919, Gropius handed in his resignation.
What did Gropius experiment with?
Early on, Gropius experimented with the combination of technology and art, building walls with glass blocks, and creating interiors without visible supports.
Where is Gropius buried?
Gropius died in Boston, Massachusetts on July 5, 1969. He is buried in Brandenburg, Germany.
Who is the father of Bauhaus?
Father of Bauhaus (1883-1969) Dr. Jackie Craven has over 20 years of experience writing about architecture and the arts. She is the author of two books on home decor and sustainable design. German architect Walter Gropius (born May 18, 1883, in Berlin) helped launch modern architecture in the 20th century when he was asked by ...
Who were the artists that attended the Bauhaus School?
The Bauhaus School attracted many artists, including painters Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky, graphic artist Käthe Kollwitz, and expressionist art groups such as Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter. Marcel Breuer studied furniture making with Gropius and then led the carpentry workshop at the Bauhaus School in Dessau, Germany.
Where was Walter Gropius born?
Walter Gropius was born on May 18, 1883 in Berlin . He was born to Walter Adolph Gropius and Manon Auguste Pauline Scharnweber. His father was an architect as well as his uncle. In 1903, he joined a Technical College in Munich and studied architecture. He studied at the college until 1904. In 1905, he joined a Technical College in Berlin until 1907. He, however, did not receive a Degree from the College. He completed his architectural studies and travelled for a whole year visiting England, Spain, and Italy. After his travelling expedition he joined architecture Peter Behrens who was a co-founder of the German Association ‘Deutscher Werkbund’ to work in his office. Peter was also a member of the modernist school of architecture.
Who is Walter Gropius?
Walter Gropius was born on May 18, 1883. He was a German-American architect. He is one of the pioneers of modern architecture. He is ranked on the same level as other architects such as Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Oscar Niemeyer. Walter Gropius is known for the establishment of the Bauhaus design school in Weimar. The school is famous because of its approach to design and architecture. He also headed the Graduate School of Design at the Harvard University. His works include Harvard Graduate Centre, Boston Gropius House and John F. Kennedy Federal Office Building among other works. He died on July 5, 1969
Why did Walter Gropius retire?
After infamously escaping death on two separate occasions, he retired due to injury. For his war efforts, he received two Iron Crosses in Germany. 5. The Conundrum of his Personal life. During the turbulent First World War, Walter Gropius even managed to get married. Walter Gropius’ family ©Public Domain.
What was Walter Gropius's view on design?
Walter Gropius’ progressive views towards designs set him apart from contemporary architects. He refused to settle for an ideal approach to design, instead, he accepted it to be an ever changing philosophy that evolved with time.
Who encouraged Walter Gropius to create a school in his image?
History doesn’t give enough credit to the tenacious Alma Mahler who encouraged Walter Gropius to create a school in his image.
Was Walter Gropius buried alive?
Apart from his professional life, Walter Gropius served in the First World War. He served as a sergeant in the signal corps where he is said to have survived after being buried alive.
Who did Le Corbusier join?
Shortly after his departure, Le Corbusier joined Peter Behrens firm in the same year.
Did Walter Gropius keep faith with Hitler?
Walter Gropius did not keep faith with Hitler or his government. He secretly left Germany with his wife Ise Frank via Italy to England in 1934.
Who is Walter Gropius?
Walter Gropius, founder of the German design school known as the Bauhaus, was one of the most influential architects of the twentieth century. He designed Gropius House as his family home when he came to teach architecture at Harvard’s Graduate School of Design. Modest in scale, the house was revolutionary in impact.
Where did the Gropius family live?
Gropius chose four acres on a small hill surrounded by Mrs. Storrow’s apple orchard. Working with local Concord, Massachusetts, builder Casper J. Jenney and approximately $20,000, the Gropiuses wanted their home to reflect its surroundings and traveled around New England studying vernacular architecture.
What is the Gropius House?
Gropius House combined traditional elements of New England architecture—wood, brick, and fieldstone— with innovative materials including glass block, acoustical plaster, chrome banisters, and the latest technology in fixtures. It features furniture designed by Marcel Breuer and fabricated in Bauhaus workshops.
Why did Walter Gropius design the grounds of his house?
Walter Gropius believed that the relationship of a house to its landscape was of paramount importance, and he designed the grounds of the home as carefully as the structure itself. In 1938 the Gropiuses enjoyed sweeping views because the house stood alone on top of the hill unobstructed by trees and woods.
What trees were planted around the Gropius house?
The earliest surviving photographs of the construction site show the frame of the house with mature, wrapped, and wired trees already in place. For their new trees, the Gropiuses selected Scotch pine, white pine, elm, oak, and American beech. Vines such as bittersweet, trumpet vine, and Concord grape were planted to link the house with the landscape.
Why did Gropius House have a towel rack?
The towel rack was installed on the hot water radiator to warm the towels, which in 1938 was an idea ahead of its time. Gropius House has four bathrooms, two on the first floor and two on the second floor; they are all plumbed on one main stack for efficiency and economy.
Where did the Gropiuses live before building their house?
A New England Home. Before building the house, the Gropiuses traveled around New England studying its vernacular architecture. Photos in this gallery by Eric Roth. Before building the house, the Gropiuses traveled around New England studying its vernacular architecture.
Walter Gropius Furniture - Description
Walter Adolph Georg Gropius (1908 – 1986) was a German-American architect, designer, educator, and the founder of the legendary Bauhaus, the German art and design school a century ago. His deeply philosophical work revolutionized mid-20th-century modern design and architecture.
Walter Gropius Furniture - History
Born in 1883 in Berlin, Germany, Walter Adolph Georg Gropius followed his father's footsteps and studied architecture. After completing his studies in 1908, he joined the renowned architect and industrial designer Peter Behrens in Berlin. He worked alongside Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier, and Dietrich Marcks.
Walter Gropius Furniture - Identification & Value
Walter Gropius is considered a pioneer of modern architecture and design. His furniture can be easily identified by the paper label. Gropius’ strictly cubic designs speak of elegance, sophistication, and lightness. Cubic geometric shapes, cantilever design, straight legs, and bright-colored upholstery are some other distinguishing features.
Walter Gropius Furniture - Marks
The original Walter Gropius furniture often bears a paper label. The re-editions produced by Tecta bear the Bauhaus logo.
