where was guillaume dufay born

Who is the composer Guillaume Dufay?

Guillaume Dufay. Written By: Guillaume Dufay, Dufay also spelled Du Fay or Du Fayt, (born August 5, 1397?, Beersel, near Brussels, Burgundian Netherlands [now in Belgium]—died November 27, 1474, Cambrai, Bishopric of Cambrai [now in France]), Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons.

What was Guillaume Dufay's early life?

Not much is known with certainty about his early life. Guillaume Dufay is believed to be born near Brussels. He was a bastard son of a priest whose name is unknown, and a woman named Mary Dufayt. He was brought up by his mother who took him to Cambrai when he was still an infant.

Who is Guillaume Du Fay?

Guillaume Du Fay ( / djuːˈfaɪ / dew-FY, French: [dy fa (j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August, c. 1397 – 27 November 1474) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance. A central figure in the Burgundian School, he was regarded by his contemporaries as one of the leading composers in Europe in the mid-15th century.

Where was Saint Dufay born?

He was said to have been born in Beersal, Flanders in modern Brussels. Dufay was also said to have been an illicit child born illegitimately to a priest and a woman called ‘Marie Du Fayt’ on August 5, 1397. Marie moved with her son to Cambrai during his early years, and they stayed with a relative who was the tenet of a Cathedral at the time.

Where did Guillaume Dufay live?

Guillaume Dufay, Dufay also spelled Du Fay or Du Fayt, (born August 5, 1397?, Beersel, near Brussels, Burgundian Netherlands [now in Belgium]—died November 27, 1474, Cambrai, Bishopric of Cambrai [now in France]), Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons.

Who influenced Guillaume Dufay?

However, by the 1450s, Dufay's masses were much influenced by the English style (for example, the music of John Dunstable); his masses of this period mostly use cantus firmus technique, and also isorhythm, as in his motets.

Why is Guillaume Dufay important?

Guillaume Du Fay (/djuːˈfaɪ/ dew-FY, French: [dy fa(j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August 1397(?) – 27 November 1474) was a French composer and music theorist of the early Renaissance. He is considered the leading European composer of his time, during which his music was widely performed and copied.

Who was Guillaume Dufay's patron?

the Malatesta familyThis gathering of churchmen from all over Europe may have been the occasion of Dufay's introduction to his first Italian patrons, the Malatesta family. He was in Rimini at the court of the Malatestas in 1419/1420; the works he wrote for members of the family date from this time until 1426.

How do you pronounce Guillaume Dufay?

Guillaume Dufay (pronounce "GHEE-oam Doo-FYE", sometimes spelt Du Fay) (born Beersel?

What is Fauxbourdon technique?

/ ˈfoʊ bərˌdɒn; French foʊ burˈdɔ̃ / PHONETIC RESPELLING. 💼 Post-College Level. noun. Music. a 15th-century compositional technique employing three voices, the upper and lower voices progressing an octave or a sixth apart while the middle voice extemporaneously doubles the upper part at a fourth below.

Who is the composer in the Tudors?

Thomas Tallis is a musician, singer and composer whose burgeoning career forms a small sub-plot of Season One of The Tudors.

Which device did Renaissance composers use to show words or ideas of lyrics?

Word painting is a device used frequently in Renaissance vocal music, especially madrigals—although it certainly also appeared in church music—in which the musical events are designed to illustrate or reflect the text.

What was specific event that Dufay was commissioned to compose a grand motet for?

Nuper rosarum flores ("Recently Flowers of Roses/The Rose Blossoms Recently"), is a motet composed by Guillaume Dufay for the 25 March 1436 consecration of the Florence Cathedral, on the occasion of the completion of the dome built under the instructions of Filippo Brunelleschi.

What was a characteristic of Palestrina's composition?

Contemporary analysis highlighted the modern qualities in the compositions of Palestrina such as research of color and sonority, use of sonic grouping in large-scale setting, interest in vertical as well as horizontal organization, studied attention to text setting.

Which composer is most known for the Contenance Angloise style?

John Dunstaple (or Dunstable, c. 1390 – 24 December 1453) was an English composer whose music helped inaugurate the transition from the medieval to the Renaissance periods. The central proponent of the Contenance angloise style ( lit.

Which composer also wrote several books on musical theory?

Dufay also wrote several books on musical theory, although these have not survived to the present. A Renaissance composer who had a great impact on the music of this time period. Like some famous musicians today, Prez was often simply referred to as Josquin.

Which composer is most known for the Contenance Angloise style?

John Dunstaple (or Dunstable, c. 1390 – 24 December 1453) was an English composer whose music helped inaugurate the transition from the medieval to the Renaissance periods. The central proponent of the Contenance angloise style ( lit.

What was specific event that Dufay was commissioned to compose a grand motet for?

Nuper rosarum flores ("Recently Flowers of Roses/The Rose Blossoms Recently"), is a motet composed by Guillaume Dufay for the 25 March 1436 consecration of the Florence Cathedral, on the occasion of the completion of the dome built under the instructions of Filippo Brunelleschi.

What was a characteristic of Palestrina's composition?

Contemporary analysis highlighted the modern qualities in the compositions of Palestrina such as research of color and sonority, use of sonic grouping in large-scale setting, interest in vertical as well as horizontal organization, studied attention to text setting.

Which device did Renaissance composers use to show words or ideas of lyrics?

Word painting is a device used frequently in Renaissance vocal music, especially madrigals—although it certainly also appeared in church music—in which the musical events are designed to illustrate or reflect the text.

Who was Guillaume Dufay?

Guillaume Du Fay ( / djuːˈfaɪ / dew-FY, French: [dy fa (j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August 1397 (?) – 27 November 1474) was a French composer and music theorist of the early Renaissance. Regarded as the leading European composer by his contemporaries, his music was widely performed and copied. Du Fay held various music positions during his lifetime, and was associated with the Burgundian School as well as among the first composers of, or at least a predecessor to, the Franco-Flemish School.

Where was Dufay born?

From the evidence of his will, he was probably born in Beersel, in the vicinity of Brussels, the illegitimate child of an unknown priest and a woman named Marie Du Fayt. She moved with her son to Cambrai early in his life, staying with a relative who was a canon of the cathedral there. The link between the Du Fay family and the Cathedral of Cambrai is the sole reason a large amount of information is known about Du Fay's early life, as the institute kept detailed records on all affiliated persons. His musical gifts were noticed by the cathedral authorities, who evidently gave him a thorough training in music; he studied with Rogier de Hesdin during the summer of 1409, and he was listed as a choirboy in the cathedral from 1409 to 1412. During those years he studied with Nicolas Malin, and the authorities must have been impressed with the boy's gifts because they gave him his own copy of Villedieu 's Doctrinale Puerorum in 1411, a highly unusual event for one so young. In June 1414, aged around 16, he had already been given a benefice as chaplain at St. Géry, immediately adjacent to Cambrai where he studied under Nicolas Malin and Richard Loqueville. Later that year, on the evidence of music composed, and a later relationship with the Malatesta court, members of which he met on the trip, he probably went to the Council of Konstanz. He likely stayed there until 1418, at which time he returned to Cambrai.

What is Du Fay's most famous work?

His most famous and celebrated work, the complex motet Nuper Rosarum Flores, was written for the consecration of Filippo Brunelleschi's dome on the Florence Cathedral and is considered an icon of Western culture. Du Fay left behind an extensive oeuvre, including pieces representative of virtually every genre of polyphonic music from his time. His music effectively synthesized a wide variety of styles: that of the famous Missa Caput, the Contenance angloise of his older contemporary John Dunstaple, and the techniques of his younger contemporaries Johannes Ockeghem and Antoine Busnois.

What is the Dufay Collective?

Du Fay is the namesake of the Dufay Collective, an early music ensemble of historically informed performances.

Where did Du Fay perform the Nuper Rosarum Flores?

In 1436 Du Fay composed the festive motet Nuper rosarum flores, one of his most famous compositions, dedicated to and performed at the cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, featuring Filippo Brunelleschi 's renowned dome. Eugene at this time lived in exile at the nearby church of Santa Maria Novella.

How many voices did Du Fay use?

Occasionally Du Fay used four voices, but in a number of these songs the fourth voice was supplied by a later, usually anonymous, composer.

What school did Du Fay attend?

Du Fay held various music positions during his lifetime, and was associated with the Burgundian School as well as among the first composers of, or at least a predecessor to, the Franco-Flemish School.

What was the role of Dufay in the Catholic Church?

Dufay spent the next decade traveling between France and Italy, serving as a musician to various households. In 1428 he became a member of the Papal Choir. These were turbulent times for the Roman Catholic Church, however, with a lot of political wrangling. Dufay continued to move from city to city and position to position as popes were deposed or exiled.

What technique did Dufay use?

In fauxbourdon the different voices move in parallel motion. If one voice goes up, all voices go up. If one voice goes down, all voices go down. Dufay liked to use this technique when it was especially important to understand the text of the piece. The simple parallel movement didn't obscure the words.

What did Dufay do in Italy?

Polyphony (music with more than one melody sounding simultaneously) in Italy was very busy with fast moving melodies. Franco-Flemish polyphony was more refined, calmer, and elegant. Dufay imposed his graceful melodies onto the more complex textures of Italy and created a style that would influence composers far into the Renaissance Period.

Where was Guillaume Dufay born?

Guillaume Dufay was born c.1400, most likely 1397, in Belgium. He was the illegitimate child of Marie Du Fayt and a priest. He moved with his mother to Cambrai where he became a choirboy at the cathedral in 1409. He received excellent music and religious education there, impressing the authorities enough to become a subdeacon in 1418.

What was Italy like in the 15th century?

Italy in the 15th century was a wild place to be. There was no unified country as we think of it today. Instead there were numerous fiefdoms and families vying for power and supremacy. Their music was wild, too, full of impetuous passions. That is until one day, when a cool-headed composer arrived from the north. His music was refined, restrained, and perfectly executed. His name was Guillaume Dufay, and he took the best of the Italian music and created something new.

What does it mean to enroll in a course?

Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams.

What degree does Charis have?

Charis has taught college music and has a master's degree in music composition.

What did Dufay do to become a canon?

The constant skirmishes between the Papacy and the Council threatened Dufay’s career and with the hope of assuming office as Canon at Cambrai he would had to study law . Dufay went on to graduate with a degree in Law from the University of Turin, and then went on to remain in Cambrai for the rest of his life at the previous canon’s residence following his mother’s demise in the year 1445. It was during the early 1440’s where he wrote his extensive collection of liturgic and polyphonic music. These came in the form of his famous masses, Magnificats, antiphons and simple hymns. He was also entrusted with the responsibility of overseeing the work and general administration of the Cathedral.

How long did Dufay stay in Cambrai?

After the scuffle between the Papacy and the church began to heal, Dufay decided to leave Cambrai yet again and this time he did not return to Cambrai for more than six years.

What is Guillaume Dufay known for?

His bold approach also led him to incorporate western music styles into his music that affected and influenced most of his works. Most of his compositions have been compared to the likes of other eminent composers such as Machaut and Beethoven. With commendable versatility and a proclivity, he served in the Papal Choir and was also highly trained in the field of music. Many of the harmonies used in modern music were brought out by Dufay and he had also taught various composers on how to work with modern instruments and understand their different qualities. Dufay was contributory in writing music only for musical instruments and not vocal practices. These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him.

What was the name of the motet that the emperor wrote for the Este family?

By the year 1435, he began his service once again with the Chapel, but this time it was at Florence, and it was here he came up with his legendary motet, ‘Nuper Rosarum Flores’ . He also composed one of his famous ballads for the Este family to whom he was acquainted in the year 1437.

What was the name of the Mass that Dufay composed?

He also went on to create his renowned mass ‘Se la face ay pale’ that went on to inspire a generation of music composers after Dufay.

What instruments did Guillaume play?

These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him. Image Credit. https://www.emaze.com/@AOIZZOQQ/-.

Where was Dufay born?

He was said to have been born in Beersal, Flanders in modern Brussels. Dufay was also said to have been an illicit child born illegitimately to a priest and a woman called ‘Marie Du Fayt’ on August 5, 1397.

What was the style of music that Dufay created?

Dufay's career coincided with the rise of the Burgundian musical style throughout Europe, and he achieved recognition during his life as one of the greatest of its composers. Like other Burgundian composers, he made use of the innovations that had recently been imported into Northern Europe from England. From John Dunstaple and other Englishmen, the composers active in France and the Netherlands during the fifteenth century adopted more complex rhythms and the use of the closer harmonies of the fauxbourdon. Fauxbourdon made use of intervals of thirds and sixths to set the harmony against a plainsong tune that continued to reside in the tenor voice. Eventually, the musical writing that flourished as a result of the popularity of the fauxbourdon tended to become more homophonic, that is, it sounded more like a melody with harmonic accompaniment. In addition, the works of composers like Dufay helped to win acceptance for the use of the third and the sixth, intervals that until this time had often been avoided as dissonances. Dufay was one of the fifteenth-century figures who tamed these intervals, helping to train the Western ear so that these sounds appeared more consonant than previously. As a composer he wrote a wide variety of music, including masses, magnificats, chansons, and motets, much of which survives in important manuscript collections throughout Europe.

What is Juvenis qui puellam?

An incomplete motet, Juvenis qui puellam, jokingly portrays the disputation required of a degree candidate. Dufay became a canon at St. Waltrudis in Mons in 1446, having also received a canonicate in Cambrai in 1436. At St. Waltrudis he met the composer Gilles Binchois, who was a canon there.

How many Dufay compositions are there?

More than 200 compositions by Dufay have been preserved. These include all genres common at the time: Mass Ordinaries, both individual movements and cycles, Mass Propers, motets, and minor liturgical works, as well as French chansons and settings of Italian texts.

Where did Guillaume Dufay study?

Born probably in the province of Hainaut in what is now Belgium, Guillaume Dufay received his musical training at the cathedral school of Cambrai under Nicholas Malin and Richard Loqueville (1409-ca. 1419). One of Loqueville's three-voice works is preserved in a four-voice arrangement by Dufay. Cambrai was famous for its cathedral school and for its bishop, Pierre d'Ailly, one of the more influential figures in the Church at this time, who was also chancellor of the University of Paris. Dufay may have been in his retinue during the bishop's stay at the Council of Constance (1414-1418).

Where was Dufay in 1426?

Between 1426 and 1428 Dufay was in Cambrai. A chanson, Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys, dated 1426 in a contemporary manuscript, may indicate a stay in Laon, a city in which he would hold two benefices in 1430. In 1428 he went to Italy to become a member of the papal chapel, where he remained until 1433.

What was Dufay's will?

Dufay's will, which is preserved , indicates that he achieved considerable material success in life. He made bequests of artworks, music books, and money to various individuals and institutions, including the bequest of four music books to Charles the Bold of Burgundy. He also requested the performance of some of his own music in his last hour and for his last rites. The motet he specified, Ave Regina caelorum, is preserved and has, in addition to the traditional text, a plea for "mercy on thy dying Dufay," indicating that he probably composed it for this purpose. The Requiem Mass he asked to have performed is the earliest polyphonic setting of this service; it has not been preserved.

Where did Dufay spend his time?

In his remaining years Dufay's activities can be traced only with difficulty. He is known to have spent much of this time in Cambrai, especially after 1445. According to his will, he also spent at least 5 more years at the court of Savoy. The duchy of Savoy under Louis and his wife, Anne of Cyprus, boasted one of the best chapels in Europe. It appears that during Dufay's later stay in Savoy he received a degree in law from the University of Turin. An incomplete motet, Juvenis qui puellam, jokingly portrays the disputation required of a degree candidate.

What was Dufay's most famous composition?

In 1436 Dufay composed the festive motet Nuper rosarum flores, one of his most famous compositions, which was sung at the dedication of Brunelleschi's dome of the cathedral in Florence, where Eugenius lived in exile.

What did Dufay write?

Dufay wrote in most of the common forms of the day, including masses, motets, Magnificats, hymns, simple chant settings in fauxbourdon, and antiphons within the area of sacred music, and rondeaux, ballades, virelais and a few other chanson types within the realm of secular music. None of his surviving music is specifically instrumental, although instruments were certainly used for some of his secular music, especially for the lower parts; all of his sacred music is vocal. Instruments may have been used to reinforce the voices in actual performance for almost any portion of his output. In all, 11 isorhythmic motets, 8 non-isorhythmic motets, 7 complete masses and many independent movements of masses, 15 settings of the Proper of the mass, 3 Magnificats, 15 antiphons, 24 hymns, and 87 three- or four-voiced French secular songs survive with reliable attribution; in addition, a large amount of the anonymous repertory of the middle 15th century may be his work: assigning works to Dufay based on alleged stylistic similarities has been a favorite pastime of musicologists for at least a hundred years, judging from the copious literature on the subject.

How many voices did Dufay use?

Occasionally Dufay used four voices, but in a number of these songs the fourth voice was supplied by a later, usually anonymous, composer. Typically he used the rondeau form when writing love songs. His latest secular songs show influence from Busnois and Ockeghem, and the rhythmic and melodic differentiation between the voices is less; as in the work of other composers of the mid-15th century, he was beginning to tend towards the smooth polyphony which was to become the predominant style fifty years later.

Why did Dufay return to Cambrai?

In 1424 Dufay again returned to Cambrai, this time because of the illness and subsequent death of the relative with whom his mother was staying. By 1426, however, he had gone back to Italy, this time to Bologna, where he entered the service of Cardinal Louis Aleman, the papal legate.

Where did Dufay go after the abdication of the last Antipope?

After the abdication of the last antipope (Felix V) in 1449, his own former employer Duke Amédée VIII of Savoy, the struggle between different factions within the Church began to heal, and Dufay once again left Cambrai for points south. He went to Turin in 1450, shortly before the death of Duke Amédée, but returned to Cambrai later that year; and in 1452 he went back to Savoy yet again. This time he did not return to Cambrai for six years, and during that time he attempted to find either a benefice or an employment which would allow him to stay in Italy. Numerous compositions, including one of the four Lamentationes that he composed on the fall of Constantinople in 1453, his famous mass based on Se la face ay pale, as well as a letter to Lorenzo de'Medici, survive from this period: but as he was unable to find a satisfactory position for his retirement, he returned north in 1458. While in Savoy he served more-or-less officially as choirmaster for Louis of Savoy, but he was more likely in a ceremonial role, since the records of the chapel never mention him.

Where did Dufay live?

From November 1418 to 1420 he was a subdeacon at Cambrai Cathedral. In 1420 he left Cambrai again, this time going to Rimini, and possibly Pesaro, where he worked for the Malatesta family. Although no records survive of his employment there, several compositions of his can be dated to this period; they contain references which make a residence in Italy reasonably certain. It was there that he met the composers Hugo and Arnold de Lantins, who were among the musicians of the Malatesta household. In 1424 Dufay again returned to Cambrai, this time because of the illness and subsequent death of the relative with whom his mother was staying. By 1426, however, he had gone back to Italy, this time to Bologna, where he entered the service of Cardinal Louis Aleman, the papal legate. While in Bologna he became a deacon, and by 1428 he was a priest.

What happened to Dufay's mother?

In addition to his musical work, he was active in the general administration of the cathedral. In 1444 his mother Marie died, and was buried in the cathedral; and in 1445 Dufay moved into the house of the previous canon, which was to remain his primary residence for the rest of his life.

What did Guillaume Dufay do in 1420?

After returning to the Cathedral of Cambrai, he stayed only for a few years. In 1420, he left his position and began traveling. In Italy, Guillaume Dufay met composers like Arnold Lantins and Hugo, who were famous musicians. In the year 1420, Dufay became a priest. Before his brief stay at Rome, he also served under the Pope. In 1435, he started serving at Florence and composed one of his most famous motet – NuperRosarum Flores. Guillaume Dufay began to take a graduate degree in Law from the University of Turin and then returned to Cambrai.He settled there for the rest of his life. After returning to Cambrai, Dufay composed several pieces of music.

When did Dufay join the Cathedral Choir?

And so the Cathedral authorities began his training. He joined the Cathedral choir as a choirboy in 1409. He was taught in those days by Nicholas Madeleine, and he received a copy of the Doctrinalein 1411 when he was only 14 years old.

Did Guillaume Dufay marry?

But he was able to keep his personal life extremely private, and only records of his relatives are those of his mother and the people he lived with at Cambrai. It is not known whether he married or not. He also avoided social meetings after his mother’s death in 1444.

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