Full Answer
What is the Second Viennese School of music?
The Second Viennese School was a name given to composer Arnold Schoenberg and his students Alban Berg and Anton Webern. In the first part of the twentieth century, they move away from tonal music and explored radical musical concepts like atonal music, chromaticism, the twelve-tone method and serialism.
Who were the first Viennese composers?
The existence of a " First Viennese School " is debatable. The term is often assumed to connote the great Vienna-based masters of the Classical style working in the late 18th and early 19th century, particularly Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.
What was Schoenberg's Second Viennese School?
Schoenberg's textbooks also reveal that the Second Viennese School spawned not from the development of his serial method, but rather from the influence of his creative example. The principal members of the school, besides Schoenberg, were Alban Berg and Anton Webern, who were among his first composition pupils.
What is the Third Viennese School?
Third Viennese School. The term "Third Viennese School" is occasionally used to refer to the composers surrounding the Viennese new music ensemble Klangforum Wien, including its founder Beat Furrer and others such as Helmut Lachenmann, Olga Neuwirth, Friedrich Cerha and Bernhard Lang.
What composers were in the Second Viennese School?
The Second Viennese School: Alban Berg, Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern. Mark Berry introduces the three composers labelled as key members of the 'Second Viennese School', each influential in his own way on musical modernism throughout the remainder of the 20th century.
Which composer was the founder of the Second Viennese School?
Arnold SchoenbergArnold Schoenberg: Schoenberg was the founder and leader of the Second Viennese School. In his early career, he evolved his style from a progressive form of Late Romantic music and developed his own way of structuring music called the twelve-tone technique, or serialism.
Who were members of the Viennese school?
The First Viennese School is a name mostly used to refer to three composers of the Classical period in Western art music in late-18th-century to early-19th-century Vienna: Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven.
Who were the Second Viennese School and what did they do?
In the 20th century, a new generation of composers sought to take music to the next logical step of compositional practice. They have been called the Second Viennese School. Composer Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils, Anton Webern, Alban Berg and others, started to explore expressionism in music.
Who is named as part of the First Viennese School?
The list of composers of the First Viennese School always includes Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Joseph Haydn, and Ludwig van Beethoven. It is often expanded to include others—like Franz Schubert—who worked in the Austrian capital of Vienna in the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century.
Which of the following is not associated with Pierrot Lunaire?
each note of a melodic line is played by a different instrument. atonal. Which of the following is NOT associated with Pierrot lunaire? Vienna.
Which composers are considered part of the so called Viennese School quizlet?
Members of the so-called Viennese School included Beethoven, Bach, and Brahms. The Classical era lasted from c. 1750-1825.
What is the Viennese Classical period?
Often referred to as Viennese Classicism (German: Wiener Klassik), this period existed roughly between 1750 and 1828. Joseph Haydn was the link between the Baroque and Classical eras. “Papa” Haydn's innovations shaped Viennese Classicism. The name Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is synonymous with classical music.
Who of the following were famous keyboard musicians during the Classical era quizlet?
One of the attributes of Classicism is a longing for strangeness, ecstasy, and wonder. Who of the following were famous keyboard musicians during the Classical era? Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Maria Theresia Von Paradis.
What are the three Viennese schools of psychotherapy?
Together the theories and work of Freud, Adler and Frankl make up what is referred to as the Three Viennese Schools of Psychotherapy.
Who of the following composers were students of Arnold Schoenberg?
Who was Arnold Schoenberg? Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian-American composer who created new methods of musical composition involving atonality, namely serialism and the 12-tone row. He was also an influential teacher; among his most significant pupils were Alban Berg and Anton Webern.
Which two figures were the most important French Rococo composers?
In France, Rococo music was championed by Francois Couperin and Jean-Philippe Rameau, both of whom had been important Baroque composers. In Italy, Rococo styles were found in the works of Giovanni Pergolesi and Giovanni Battista Sammartini.
Which composers are considered part of the so called Viennese School quizlet?
Members of the so-called Viennese School included Beethoven, Bach, and Brahms. The Classical era lasted from c. 1750-1825.
Who developed sprechstimme?
composer Arnold SchoenbergSprechstimme is frequently used in 20th-century music. Its introduction is especially associated with the composer Arnold Schoenberg, who first used it in his Pierrot Lunaire (1912). It had been used earlier, however, in the melodrama Königskinder (1897; Children of the King), by Engelbert Humperdinck.
What composer worked for the Esterhazy family?
Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their Eszterháza Castle. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original".
What did the composers of the Second Viennese School do?
Now, erase those sounds from your mind. That's what the composers of the Second Viennese School strove to do. In their compositions, they moved from tonal music, something melodic and composed in an identified key (like the works mentioned above) to atonal music, compositions made from any combination of sounds, not hindered by key or past rules of harmony. They used chromaticism, notes from different keys in their compositions, which created jarring sounds. When you hear their music, you'll never mix them up with the First Viennese School! Three composers, all natives of Vienna, formed the core of the Second Viennese School, from around World War I and through the 1920s and 1930s. We'll begin with the eldest.
When was Schoenberg's Five Pieces for Orchestra written?
Now listen to Five Pieces for Orchestra, which Schoenberg wrote in 1912. Gone is any sense of melody. The music growls and slashes in odd combinations of strings and horns. Dynamics veer between loud and soft. Notes emerge, scatter, and clash, sometimes violently. Imagine how people must have felt the first time they heard it!
What is Webern's music?
Webern's music is ethereal, disconcerting, and very experimental. He sometimes wrote for very unusual instrument combinations. An example? His Quartet for Violin, Clarinet, Tenor Saxophone, and Piano, written in 1930. You won't find many works of classical music that mix strings, sax and piano. Webern also added unusual techniques to his works, like flutter tonguing and odd bowing techniques for stringed instruments to make sounds. Some of his pieces lasts less than a minute. Other Webern works to explore include his early Six Pieces for Orchestra (1909) and Six Bagatelles for String Quartet (1913).
What is the 12 tone method?
Later, Schoenberg took his music ever further. Around 1924, he developed the 12-tone method, a type of musical called serialism. He would choose twelve notes from the musical scale and arrange them in any order, and then use that order of notes as the basis for composition. It's equivalent to using a mathematical equation to write music rather than basing it on a melody.
Where did Alban Berg live?
Alban Berg (1885-1935) spent most of his life in Vienna. When young, he experimented with composing music despite a lack of any formal training. In 1904, he met and began studying with Schoenberg and continued to learn from him until 1911, when the latter moved to Berlin.
Who was Anton Webern?
Anton Webern (1883-1945) received his first music lesson from his mother. He, too, began studying with Schoenberg, and eventually his music moved into total serialism with no echoes of music's more romantic past. Webern was an exacting perfectionist and took a long time to finish pieces, so his total music output is rather small. And his works are technically difficult -- even today, performers struggle to perfect them for performance.
Who was Arnold Schoenberg?
Schoenberg himself was also a painter and later a theorist and writer.
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Who is the most famous Austrian composer?
Anton Webern (1883-1945) 10. Alban Berg (1885-1935) Conclusion. 1. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. No list of famous Austrian composers would be complete without mentioning probably the most well-known composer of all time. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on the 27th January 1756 in the Austrian city ...
What technique did Schoenberg use to create atonal serialist music?
As you would expect being a student of Schoenberg, he utilized the twelve-tone technique to create atonal serialist music with one of his first published works being his Piano Sonata Op. 1 written he wrote in 1908 which you can hear below.
How many symphonies did Schubert compose?
He went on to compose 12 symphonies, around 20 operas, 20 string quartets, and over 600 lieder, a type of poetry set to music.
Where was Franz Schubert born?
Franz Schubert (1797-1828) Next, we have Franz Peter Schubert, born on the 31st January 1797 in Himmelpfortgrund a suburb of Austria. Coming from a musical family, Schubert learned to play the violin and piano from his father and the organ from his brother.
What is Mozart's most famous composition?
Here’s one of his most well-known compositions, the third movement of his Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major “Rondo Alla Turca.”. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – ‘Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major: Rondo Alla Turca’. Other notable pieces include Eine Kleine Nachtmusik, his opera the Marriage of Figaro, and his Requiem in D minor.
Why did Strauss study violin?
But, despite being brought up in a musical family, Strauss had to study the violin secretly as a child as his father didn’t wish a musician’s life for him.
Where is Strauss buried?
He is buried in Zentralfriedhof cemetery along with other notable composers like Schubert. 5. Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) Joseph Haydn.