Epileptic seizure is a health condition characterized by uncontrolled jerking movement and finally a momentary loss of self-awareness. It is caused by excessive neuronal activity in the brain.
Full Answer
What disease causes uncontrollable movements?
This condition may resemble any of the movement disorders, but is not due to neurological disease. Huntington's disease. This is an inherited progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that causes uncontrolled movements (chorea), impaired cognitive abilities and psychiatric conditions.
What are neurodegenerative diseases?
neurodegenerative diseases: Diseases characterized by the progressive deterioration and death of nerve cells (neurodegeneration), typically originating in one area of the brain and spreading to other connected areas.
What part of the brain is affected by movement disorders?
This movement disorder affects the part of the brain that controls coordinated movement (cerebellum). Ataxia may cause uncoordinated or clumsy balance, speech or limb movements, and other symptoms. Cervical dystonia.
What are the top 10 most common neurological disorders?
Cerebral Aneurysm. Epilepsy and Seizures. Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Headache. Head Injury. Hydrocephalus. Lumbar Disk Disease (Herniated Disk) Meningitis. Multiple Sclerosis.
Which condition is due to abnormal neuronal discharges in the brain?
Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic condition marked by the recurrence of unprovoked seizures. Seizures in turn, are paroxysmal events that result from abnormal neuronal discharges.
What are discharges in the brain?
An electrical discharge that causes a seizure may start in one side of the brain and spread to both. The name for this is a secondary generalized seizure or a focal-to-bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. When this happens, the person usually loses consciousness and starts jerking or shaking.
What are the 4 types of epilepsy?
Experts now divide epilepsy into four basic types based on the seizures you're having:Generalized epilepsy.Focal epilepsy.Generalized and focal epilepsy.Unknown if generalized or focal epilepsy.
What are the 3 types of epilepsy?
They are:generalized epilepsy.focal epilepsy.combined generalized and focal epilepsy.unknown epilepsy.
What are epileptic discharges?
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), meaning spikes, polyspikes, sharp waves, or spike and slow-wave complexes without observed clinical seizures, are commonly observed in children with epilepsy. Neuropsychological evidence indicates that childhood epilepsy often has negative effects on cognitive function [2].
What causes epileptic discharge?
The most common cause of PLEDs is an acute or subacute structural injury of the cerebral cortex, either diffuse or focal; however, PLEDs may also be seen in patients with a chronic static cerebral lesion or chronic epilepsy.
What are the 2 main types of epilepsy?
There are two major classes or groups of seizures: focal onset and generalized onset.
What are the 6 types of seizures?
6 Different Types of SeizuresSimple Focal Seizures. Simple focal seizures occur for a short amount of time – typically lasting less than one minute. ... Complex Focal Seizure. ... Absence Seizure. ... Atonic Seizure. ... Tonic-Clonic Seizure. ... Myoclonic Seizure.
What are the most common types of epilepsy?
Temporal lobe seizures, a category of focal seizures, are the most common type of epilepsy.
What are the 5 most common seizures?
In adults, the most common seizures are:gelastic and dacrystic seizures.generalized tonic-clonic seizures.tonic seizures.clonic seizures.absence seizures.myoclonic seizures.atonic seizures.nonepileptic events.More items...
What is the difference between clonic and myoclonic seizures?
The distinction between myoclonic seizures and clonic seizures is not clear. Classically, clonic seizures are rapid rhythmically recurrent events, whereas myoclonic seizures are single or irregularly recurrent events. Mechanisms are different from those of the clonic phase of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
Are all seizures epilepsy?
Seizures, abnormal movements or behavior due to unusual electrical activity in the brain, are a symptom of epilepsy. But not all people who appear to have seizures have epilepsy, a group of related disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent seizures.
What is the name of the neurological disorder that causes involuntary rhythmic shaking of parts of the body?
Tourette syndrome. This is a neurological condition that starts between childhood and teenage years and is associated with repetitive movements (motor tics) and vocal sounds (vocal tics). Tremor. This movement disorder causes involuntary rhythmic shaking of parts of the body, such as the hands, head or other parts of the body.
What is the name of the neurological disorder that causes problems with walking, balance and eye movements?
Parkinsonism. Parkinsonism describes a group of conditions that has symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's disease. Progressive supranuclear palsy. This is a rare neurological disorder that causes problems with walking, balance and eye movements.
What is the condition that causes a person to feel strange sensations in their legs?
This movement disorder causes unpleasant, abnormal feelings in the legs while relaxing or lying down, often relieved by movement. Tardive dyskinesia. This neurological condition is caused by long-term use of certain drugs used to treat psychiatric conditions (neuroleptic drugs).
What causes neck muscles to turn in different ways?
Cervical dystonia. This condition causes long-lasting contractions (spasms) or intermittent contractions of the neck muscles, causing the neck to turn in different ways. Chorea. Chorea is characterized by repetitive, brief, irregular, somewhat rapid, involuntary movements that typically involve the face, mouth, trunk and limbs. Dystonia.
What causes sudden jerks in the brain?
It can also cause low blood pressure and impaired bladder function. Myoclonus. This condition causes lightning-quick jerks of a muscle or a group of muscles. Parkinson's disease.
What are the different types of movement disorders?
Common types of movement disorders include: Ataxia. This movement disorder affects the part of the brain that controls coordinated movement (cerebellum). Ataxia may cause uncoordinated or clumsy balance, speech or limb movements, and other symptoms. Cervical dystonia. This condition causes long-lasting contractions ...
What is movement disorder?
The term "movement disorders" refers to a group of nervous system (neurological) conditions that cause abnormal increased movements, which may be voluntary or involuntary. Movement disorders can also cause reduced or slow movements. Common types of movement disorders include:
What is brain imaging?
brain imaging: Refers to various techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and positron emission tomography (PET), that enable scientists to capture images of brain tissue and structure and to reveal what parts of the brain are associated with behaviors or activities.
Which lobe of the brain is the primary groove?
central sulcus: The primary groove in the brain’s cerebrum, which separates the frontal lobe in the front of the brain from the parietal and occipital lobes in the rear of the brain. cerebellar artery: The major blood vessel providing oxygenated blood to the cerebellum.
What is the role of astrocytes in the brain?
Astrocytes also play critical roles in brain development and the creation of synapses. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A neurodevelopmental disorder that affects attention systems and impulse control. While ADHD is primarily known as a pediatric disorder, it also affects adults.
What is BDNF in biology?
For example, a device that harnesses brain signals to control a screen cursor or a prosthetic limb. brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): Sometimes referred to as “brain fertilizer,” BDNF is a protein that helps promote the growth, maintenance, and survival of neurons.
Which part of the brain is responsible for emotions?
amygdala: Part of the brain’s limbic system, this primitive brain structure lies deep in the center of the brain and is involved in emotional reactions, such as anger or fear, as well as emotionally charged memories.
Which hemisphere of the brain is most active?
Some major, specific brain functions are located in one or the other hemisphere. While popular culture suggests that “hemispheric dominance ,” or which side of the brain is more active, can help inform how an individual best learns, research does not support this idea.
Which neurotransmitter increases the electrochemical activity of neurons?
amino acid neurotransmitters: The most prevalent neurotransmitters in the brain, these include glutamate and asparta te, which can increase the electrochemical activity of neurons, as well as glycine and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), which inhibit that electrochemical activity.