Blood consists of different types of cells bathed in a water-based liquid called plasma. Red blood cells are specialized to carry hemoglobin (Hgb), a quaternary protein that transports oxygen and some carbon dioxide around the body, to and from the heart and lungs. Hemoglobin also has an affinity for carbon monoxide, a toxic and deadly gas.
Full Answer
What is the function of blood in the human body?
1. Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues to promote cellular respiration 2. Removes carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from tissues 3. Easily changes pH and temperature to maintain homeostasis 4. Prevents fluid loss through clotting 1. Albumins 2. Globulins 3. Fibrinogens 4. Hormones 1. Prevent swelling and shrinkage of cells 2.
What are the physical characteristics of whole blood?
Some of the physical characteristics of whole blood can best be understood by looking at the characteristics of the individual components of blood. The major component of blood plasma (over 90%) is water. Water has a very high heat capacity, which means that it can retain a lot of heat. Think of the tea or coffee you made this morning.
What are the components of a blood sample?
A blood sample, centrifuged, can be separated into its constituents The cells, which are larger and heavier, would sink to the bottom, while the fluid extracellular matrix, which is called the plasma, would be found on top. Blood plasma makes up approximately 55% of whole blood and is itself made up of the following components:
What is blood plasma made up of?
Blood plasma makes up approximately 55% of whole blood and is itself made up of the following components: The other 45% of whole blood is made up of formed elements or cells. There are three types of blood cells in the human body. Their names and functions are indicated here: Table 1. Names and functions of blood cells.
What are the physical characteristics of blood?
What are the two main components of whole blood?
How much of blood is plasma?
Is blood a solvent?
Does blood regulate body fluids?
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Is blood a connective tissue?
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What are the features of blood?
It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many different functions, including: transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues. forming blood clots to prevent excess blood loss.
What are the 4 key components of blood?
Whole blood contains red cells, white cells, and platelets (~45% of volume) suspended in blood plasma (~55% of volume).
What are the 5 properties of blood?
Blood also may be analyzed on the basis of properties such as total volume, circulation time, viscosity, clotting time and clotting abnormalities, acidity (pH), levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the clearance rate of various substances (see kidney function test).
What are the 3 properties of blood?
Blood volume: 5-6 liters. Viscosity: (3.5-5.5) times more than water. Specific Gravity:045-1.065. PH:3-7.4 (slightly alkaline)
What are the 8 functions of blood?
Functions of the Blood: 8 Facts about BloodBlood Is Fluid Connective Tissue. ... Blood Provides the Body's Cells with Oxygen and Removes Carbon Dioxide. ... Blood Transports Nutrients and Hormones. ... Blood Regulates Body Temperature. ... Platelets Clot Blood at Sites of Injury. ... Blood Brings Waste Products to the Kidneys and Liver.More items...
What are the 7 blood components?
Overview of Blood and Blood ComponentsNourishment.Electrolytes.Hormones.Vitamins.Antibodies.Heat.Oxygen.Immune cells (cells that fight infection)
What are the 4 types of blood cells?
Blood cells. Blood contains many types of cells: white blood cells (monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages), red blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets. Blood circulates through the body in the arteries and veins.
What are the 3 types of blood?
They are: Red blood cells (Erythrocytes) White blood cells (Leukocytes) Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Which of the following is not function of blood?
The correct answer is (e) All are functions of blood. Blood transports nutrients and oxygen to the tissues. Red blood cells in the blood have haemoglobin that binds to oxygen and transports it to tissues from the lungs.
Which of the following is a function of blood?
Blood has three main functions: transport, protection and regulation. Blood transports the following substances: Gases, namely oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the lungs and rest of the body.
What are the 4 functions of plasma?
Plasma is responsible for:Redistributing water where your body needs it.Delivering hormones, nutrients and proteins to parts of your body and helping to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.Supporting blood vessels from collapsing or clogging.Maintaining blood pressure and circulation.More items...•
Which of the following is not a normal characteristic of blood?
Answer and Explanation: The answer is b. Blood is not normally maintained at a pH of 7.0. The pH of blood is tightly controlled between 7.35 and 7.45 (slightly alkaline).
What are the 4 components of blood and their percentages?
Red blood cells make up about 45% of the blood volume. White blood cells make up about one percent and platelets less than one percent. Plasma makes up the rest of the blood. Mature red blood cells do not have nuclei or other organelles.
What are the 4 types of blood cells?
Blood cells. Blood contains many types of cells: white blood cells (monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages), red blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets. Blood circulates through the body in the arteries and veins.
What are the 4 steps of blood clotting?
The mechanism of hemostasis can divide into four stages. 1) Constriction of the blood vessel. 2) Formation of a temporary “platelet plug." 3) Activation of the coagulation cascade. 4) Formation of “fibrin plug” or the final clot.
What are the 4 functions of plasma?
Plasma is responsible for:Redistributing water where your body needs it.Delivering hormones, nutrients and proteins to parts of your body and helping to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.Supporting blood vessels from collapsing or clogging.Maintaining blood pressure and circulation.More items...•
What happens if you don't encase your Hb in a RBC membrane?
If not encased in a RBC membrane, the Hb is rapidly cleared from the body by the kidney. Encasing the Hb within a cell allow fro the environment inside to be different than the environment outside the cell, improving the regulation of oxygen binding to Hb.
What is the most abundant protein in a cell?
Binconcavity occurs as the cell ejects its organelles. During this time, hemoglobin is becoming the most abundant protein within the cell.
How many lobes does the nucleus have?
2. Nuclei have two lobes, stain dark blue
Is Bombay blood rare?
Bombay blood is a rare blood disorder. Affected individuals are unable to make antigen H, a precursor that is required for the synthesis of Antigen A and Antigen B. What implications would the Bombay phenotype have on the ability to donate or receive blood? What happens if these individuals are blood typed following the procedure described above?
Is the size of a patient's red blood cells uniform?
6. The size of a patient's red blood cells is not uniform
Does HIV affect lymphocytes?
Not really. HIV infects a specific type of lymphocytes ) helper T cells. Since the entire population of lymphocytes only account for around one third of the total number of white blood cells, and because white blood cells are so lowly abundant to begin with, changes in the level of helper T cells are not easily detected by the CBC. In fact, the number of WBC on a CBC would likely appear normal. When interested in a specific population of leukocytes, a CBC would likely appear normal. When interested in a specific population of leukocytes, a CBC with differential is often used instead. In any case, the most trusted method of HIV detection involves directly testing for viral proteins
What is the most abundant protein in a cell?
Binconcavity occurs when the cell ejects its organelles, making hemoglobin become the most abundant protein inside the cell.
What is the purpose of albumins?
Albumins- Prevent swelling and shrinkage of cells
Is the size of a patient's red blood cells uniform?
The size of a patient's red blood cells is not uniform - RDW
What is the cytoplasm of an RBC?
The cytoplasm of an RBC consists mainly of a 33% solution of hemoglobin. C. RBCs lose nearly all organelles during their development. E. Lacking a nucleus and DNA, RBCs also are incapable of protein synthesis and mitosis.
How do leukocytes differ from erythrocytes?
D. Leukocytes differ from erythrocytes in that they do not retain their organelles throughout life.
Why do platelets stick together?
A. They stick together to form temporary platelet plugs that seal small breaks in injured blood vessels.
What is the cause of hemophilia A?
D. Classical hemophilia (hemophilia A) is caused by a lack of factor VIII.Classical hemophilia (hemophilia A) is caused by a lack of factor VIII.
What are the physical characteristics of blood?
Some of the physical characteristics of whole blood can best be understood by looking at the characteristics of the individual components of blood. The major component of blood plasma (over 90%) is water. Water has a very high heat capacity, which means that it can retain a lot of heat. (Think of the tea or coffee you made this morning). This is why the temperature of blood is higher than body temperature and the movement of blood can be used to help regulate the temperature of the body. Whole blood has formed elements or cells within it, whereas water does not. This explains why the viscosity or thickness of blood is about five times that of water.
What are the two main components of whole blood?
The formed elements, or cells, are the erythrocytes, which function in gas transport; leukocytes, which function in immune defense; and platelets, which are responsible for blood clotting. These are three of the functions of whole blood in the human body.
How much of blood is plasma?
Blood plasma makes up approximately 55% of whole blood and is itself made up of the following components:
Is blood a solvent?
Transport: over 90% of blood plasma consists of water. As we know from everyday life, water is a very good solvent. Which means that many substances can dissolve in water. If we transfer this knowledge to the human body, we can say that many substances can dissolve in plasma. Therefore blood is a very efficient transport system for substances such as nutrients, wastes, and respiratory gases.
Does blood regulate body fluids?
Regulating body fluid composition: remembering of course that the blood performs exchanges with body tissues, we can say that blood assists in regulating the composition of our body fluids.
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Is blood a connective tissue?
It is important to remember that blood is classified as a connective tissue. This means that, just like all other connective tissues in the human body, blood consists of cells suspended in an extracellular matrix. What makes blood such a special type of connective tissue is the fact that it is the only connective tissue in the human body with a fluid extracellular matrix. If we had to take a sample of human blood and centrifuge or spin it at very high speeds, we would be able to separate it into its constituents, as seen in Figure 1. The cells, which are larger and heavier, would sink to the bottom, while the fluid extracellular matrix, which is called the plasma, would be found on top.
