What is the pathophysiology of osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures. chondr/itis inflammation of cartilage osteomalacia softening of bones
What is porosity osteoporosis?
porosis: porous Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures. chondr/itis inflammation of cartilage
What are the signs and symptoms of osteoporosis?
A marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity frequently associated with aging. A broken bone usually caused by weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall. Surgical suturing or wiring together of bones.
What are the causes of osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis may be due to lower-than-normal maximum bone mass and greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss increases after menopause due to lower levels of estrogen. Osteoporosis may also occur due to a number of diseases or treatments, including alcoholism, anorexia, hyperthyroidism, kidney disease,...
Which disease causes the bone to be porous?
The word 'osteoporosis' means 'porous bone. ' It is a disease that weakens bones, and if you have it, you are at a greater risk for sudden and unexpected bone fractures. Osteoporosis means that you have less bone mass and strength.
Which of the following diseases causes bones to become weak and porous?
Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and brittle — so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses such as bending over or coughing can cause a fracture.
What is osteomalacia disease?
Osteomalacia is softening of the bones. It most often occurs because of a problem with vitamin D, which helps your body absorb calcium. Your body needs calcium to maintain the strength and hardness of your bones. In children, the condition is called rickets.
What are 3 types of bone diseases?
Some common bone conditions include:Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that results in a decrease in bone mass and mineral density. ... Osteopenia. ... Paget's disease. ... Osteogenesis imperfecta. ... Osteoarthritis. ... Osteomyelitis. ... Bone cancer and tumors. ... Osteomalacia.More items...•
What is Rickets and osteomalacia?
Rickets is a condition that affects bone development in children. It causes bone pain, poor growth and soft, weak bones that can lead to bone deformities. Adults can experience a similar condition, which is known as osteomalacia or soft bones.
What causes soft bones?
Osteomalacia, or "soft bones, " develops because of a lack of vitamin D. Maintaining your levels of vitamin D and calcium is essential for bone health.
What is the meaning of osteomyelitis?
(OS-tee-oh-MY-eh-LY-tis) Inflammation of the bone caused by an infection, which may spread to the bone marrow and tissues near the bone. Osteomyelitis can cause severe pain in the infected bone.
What causes scurvy?
Scurvy is caused by not having enough vitamin C in your diet for at least 3 months. Vitamin C is mainly found in fruit and vegetables. Even people who do not eat very healthily all the time are not usually considered at risk of scurvy.
What is osteomyelitis of the bone?
Osteomyelitis is inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bone. It can result from an infection somewhere else in the body that has spread to the bone, or it can start in the bone — often as a result of an injury. Osteomyelitis is more common in younger children (five and under) but can happen at any age.
What are 5 bone diseases?
Bone Diseasescervical spondylosis. cervical spondylosis, degenerative disease of the neck vertebrae, causing compression of the spinal cord and cervical nerves. ... osteoporosis. ... metatarsalgia. ... polymyalgia rheumatica. ... bone cancer. ... rheumatoid arthritis. ... osteoarthritis. ... rickets.More items...
What are common bone diseases?
Common Bone DisordersOsteoporosis. This common disease occurs when bones become weak due to changes in bone mineral density and mass, causing a higher risk for fractures. ... Fracture. ... Scoliosis. ... Paget's disease. ... Osteoarthritis. ... Rheumatoid arthritis. ... Gout. ... Bursitis.
What are the four types of bone diseases?
Bone Disease TypesOsteoporosis. One of the most prevalent bone conditions, osteoporosis involves bone loss, leading to weakened bones that are more likely to break. ... Metabolic bone diseases. Osteoporosis is one of several metabolic bone diseases. ... Fracture. ... Stress fracture. ... Bone cancer. ... Scoliosis.
What is Osteosclerosis?
Medical Definition of osteosclerosis : abnormal hardening of bone or of bone marrow.
What is another name for osteitis deformans?
Paget's Disease of the Bone (Osteitis Deformans) Paget's disease of the bone (osteitis deformans) is a chronic bone disorder characterized by excessive breakdown and regrowth in the affected bone(s). Many people have no symptoms. The disease is more common as you age and is uncommon in people under the age of 50.
Which of the following is an example of a bone depression?
Fossa and fovea A fossa is a depression in the bone surface which is often broad and shallow. It may support brain structures, or receive another articulating bone. The temporal fossa is one example.
What body parts are affected by osteomyelitis?
Among children and teens, the long bones of the legs and arms are most frequently affected. In adults, osteomyelitis most often affects the vertebrae of the spine and/or the hips. However, extremities are frequently involved due to skin wounds, trauma and surgeries.
Overview
Risk factors
Signs and symptoms
Pathogenesis
Diagnosis
Screening
Risk factors for osteoporotic fracture can be split between nonmodifiable and (potentially) modifiable. In addition, osteoporosis is a recognized complication of specific diseases and disorders. Medication use is theoretically modifiable, although in many cases, the use of medication that increases osteoporosis risk may be unavoidable. Caffeine is not a risk factor for osteoporosis.
Prevention
Osteoporosis itself has no symptoms; its main consequence is the increased risk of bone fractures. Osteoporotic fractures occur in situations where healthy people would not normally break a bone; they are therefore regarded as fragility fractures. Typical fragility fractures occur in the vertebral column, rib, hip and wrist.
Fractures are a common symptom of osteoporosis and can result in disability. Acute and chroni…
Management
The underlying mechanism in all cases of osteoporosis is an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. In normal bone, matrix remodeling of bone is constant; up to 10% of all bone mass may be undergoing remodeling at any point in time. The process takes place in bone multicellular units (BMUs) as first described by Frost & Thomas in 1963. Osteoclasts are assisted by transcription factor PU.1 to degrade the bone matrix, while osteoblasts rebuild the bone matri…
Overview
The diagnosis of osteoporosis can be made using conventional radiography and by measuring the bone mineral density (BMD). The most popular method of measuring BMD is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
In addition to the detection of abnormal BMD, the diagnosis of osteoporosis requires investigations into potentially modifiable underlying causes; this may be done with blood tests. D…
Symptoms
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommend that all women 65 years of age or older be screened by bone densitometry. Additionally they recommend screening younger women with risk factors. There is insufficient evidence to make recommendations about the intervals for repeated screening and the appropriate age to stop screening.
In men the harm versus benefit of screening for osteoporosis is unknown. Prescrire states that th…
Causes
Lifestyle prevention of osteoporosis is in many aspects the inverse of the potentially modifiable risk factors. As tobacco smoking and high alcohol intake have been linked with osteoporosis, smoking cessation and moderation of alcohol intake are commonly recommended as ways to help prevent it.
In people with coeliac disease adherence to a gluten-free diet decreases the risk of developing ost…
Risk Factors
Weight-bearing endurance exercise and/or exercises to strengthen muscles improve bone strength in those with osteoporosis. Aerobics, weight bearing, and resistance exercises all maintain or increase BMD in postmenopausal women. Fall prevention can help prevent osteoporosis complications. There is some evidence for hip protectors specifically among those who are in care homes.
Complications
Prevention
- There typically are no symptoms in the early stages of bone loss. But once your bones have been weakened by osteoporosis, you might have signs and symptoms that include: 1. Back pain, caused by a fractured or collapsed vertebra 2. Loss of height over time 3. A stooped posture 4. A bone that breaks much more easily than expected