What are some weapons Eastern Woodland Indians used?
- Most tools that the Eastern Woodlands Hunters used were made of wood or bark.
- For hunting larger animals they used bows and arrows and lances, and for smaller animals they used traps, snares, and deadfalls.
- For fishing, they used hooks, weirs, leisters, and nets, all of which they made themselves from forest material.
What are the names of the Eastern Woodland Indian tribes?
- Canarsie ( Canarsee ), formerly Long Island New York
- Esopus, formerly New York, later Ontario and Wisconsin
- Hackensack, formerly New York
- Haverstraw ( Rumachenanck ), New York
- Kitchawank ( Kichtawanks, Kichtawank ), New York
- Minisink, formerly New York
- Navasink, to the east along the north shore of New Jersey
- Raritan, formerly Westchester County, New York
What did Eastern Woodland Indians use for farming?
What did the Eastern woodlands use? The Eastern Woodlands Indians developed myriad ways of using natural resources year-round. Materials ranged from wood, vegetable fiber, and animal hides to copper, shells, stones, and bones. Most of the Eastern Woodlands Indians relied on agriculture, cultivating the “three sisters”—corn, beans, and squash.
What tools did the Eastern Woodland Indians use?
Kickapoo Native American Tools & Weapons
- War Clubs. The Kickapoo Indians collected wood from the forests in which they lived to make intricately carved war clubs.
- Bows and Arrows. The Eastern Woodland tribes chose from a variety of wood to construct bows and arrows for hunting and warfare.
- Garden Tools. ...
- Iron Tools. ...
What Indian tribe lived in the Eastern Woodlands?
The Hall of Eastern Woodlands Indians focuses on the traditional cultures of the Native American peoples, including the Iroquois, Mohegans, Ojibwas, and Crees, living in the Eastern Woodlands of North America through the early 20th century.
Why were the Native Americans called the Eastern Woodlands?
Eastern Woodlands Indians, aboriginal peoples of North America whose traditional territories were east of the Mississippi River and south of the subarctic boreal forests.
Where did the Eastern Woodlands people come from?
Eastern Woodlands Native American tribes lived in a region that began near the Atlantic Ocean in the East of America to the Mississippi River in the West. To the north, the region extended as far as Canada, and it went all the way down to the Gulf of Mexico in the south.
What are the Eastern Woodlands known for?
The physical environment includes coastal plains, river valleys, mountains, and lush forests. Farming is possible in most areas, and the main crops that Native Americans grew were corn, beans, and squash. They also hunted small game and fished to supplement their farming.
What language did eastern woodland Indians speak?
The Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands spoke languages belonging to several language groups, including Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean, and Siouan, as well as apparently isolated languages such as Calusa, Chitimacha, Natchez, Timucua, Tunica and Yuchi.
What do Eastern Cherokee call themselves?
AniyvwiyaAccording to the Cherokee Nation, the Cherokee refer to themselves as “Aniyvwiya” meaning the “Real People” or the “Anigaduwagi” or the Kituwah people.
What is an interesting fact about the Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands region extended from the eastern coast of the present-day United States and Canada. It stretched from the Atlantic to the eastern Great Plains, and from the Great Lakes to the gulf of Mexico. The area boasted numerous lakes and rivers as well as great forests.
Who were the eastern woodland natives the first to encounter?
This culture region abuts the Plains Culture to the west and the Subarctic Culture to the north. The Adena and Hopewell were the earliest historic Eastern Woodland inhabitants. Between 800 B.C. and A.D. 800, they lived in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys.
What did the Eastern Woodland people eat?
Corn provided a large portion of the diet. Corn was eaten fresh and parched. Parched corn was dehydrated and fried. Their diet consisted mainly of meat from animals such as deer, elk, and bison.
What is the culture of the Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands Indians depended on farming, hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants. Some groups, like the Iroquois, farmed much of their food. Those living in colder climates where farming is harder, like the Penobscot, relied more heavily on hunting, fishing, and gathering.
What was the most important animal in the Eastern Woodlands?
The most important animal to the Eastern Woodlands Hunters was the white-tailed deer. White-tailed deer were hunted for their meat, but the skins were also dried and used in making clothing.
What states did the Eastern Woodlands live in?
We'll start off at where the Eastern Woodlands are today. Today the Eastern Woodlands are in the states of Maine, Massachusetts, New York, and Rhode Island. The tribes that lived in the Eastern Woodlands region were the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, and Huron tribes.
What is considered the Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands is a large region that stretches from the northeastern coast of present-day United States and the Maritimes to west of the Great Lakes. It extends southwest to present-day Illinois and east to coastal North Carolina.
What best describes the Eastern Woodlands region?
The Eastern Woodland Region has forest (plants and trees), rivers, hills, mountains and coastland. Woodlands Region is hot, humid summers and mild winters. The Eastern Woodland Native Americans lived in longhouses. They were made from wood and bark from the trees.
What were the Eastern Woodlands houses called?
wigwamsEastern Woodland Native Americans commonly lived in wigwams or wickiups. The frame was made of willow saplings. The frame was also covered with woven cattail mats or bark. A fire pit would have been located in the middle and bedding on the floor or on raised bed frames made of sticks.
What is a fun fact about Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands region extended from the eastern coast of the present-day United States and Canada. It stretched from the Atlantic to the eastern Great Plains, and from the Great Lakes to the gulf of Mexico. The area boasted numerous lakes and rivers as well as great forests.
What did the Eastern Woodland Indians do with their young children?
There was no need to water the fields. For this matter, the Eastern Woodland Indians relied on water from the sky. This particular Indian tribe spoke several different languages and dialects.
What did the Eastern Woodland Indians eat?
Along with home construction, fathers also teach their sons how to hunt and fish. The typical diet consists of animal meat such as deer, rabbit, bison, and bear. Additionally, the Indians enjoyed a host of delicious nuts, berries, beans, and vegetables (corn and squash).
What did the Woodland Indians use wood for?
Today, the Woodland Indians take advantage of forest wood, and it is primarily used for houses, canoes, cooking uten sils, hunting equipment, etc. The following lists catalog the specific articles, stories, legends and research materials of this website.
What do Native Americans build their homes from?
Since Native Americans are hard-workers, they build their own homes from trees, bark, and grass. Some homes are also constructed from twigs, branches, and mud-clay. Husbands and fathers are the primary builders. Older children may assist with building, wherein fathers can train their sons.
Where did the Eastern Woodlands Indians live?
The Eastern Woodlands Indians were native American tribes that settled in the region extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Mississippi River in the west and from Canada in the north to the Gulf of Mexico in the south. (The Woodlands Indians are sometimes divided further into the Northeastern Indians and ...
Why did the Eastern Woodlands build walls?
The Eastern Woodlands Indians built walls and fences around villages for protection. Warfare sometimes broke out among the tribes. The Indians used bows and arrows as well as clubs to defend themselves and their lands. The Eastern Woodlands tribes that lived along the Atlantic Coast were the first native Americans that had contact with Europeans.
Which tribes lived along the Atlantic coast?
The Eastern Woodlands tribes that lived along the Atlantic Coast were the first native Americans that had contact with Europeans. Friendships were made; alliances forged; land deals struck; and treaties signed. But as settlers in increasing numbers encroached on tribal lands, conflicts arose.
What did the Iroquoian tribes eat?
The Iroquoian tribes were primarily deer hunters but they also grew corn, squash, and beans, they gathered nuts and berries, and they fished. The Algonquian speakers included the Abenaki, Chippewa (or Ojibwa), Delaware, Mohegans (or Mohicans), and Pequot. The Algonquian tribes also cultivated corn, beans, and squash.
What tribes were in the Eastern Woodlands?
They were made up of diverse groups of Indians. Some of the tribes that were included in the Eastern Woodlands Indians were the Iroquois Nation and the Algonquin, and later the Muskogean, the Illinois, the Cherokee, and Shawnee, just to name a few. The Iroquois Nation was made up of five tribes. They were the Iroquois, Senecas, Onondagas, ...
What did the Eastern Woodland Indians do?
They would grow crops, hunt wildlife, and lived completely off of the land. They lived in wigwams and long houses built from the elements around them. The Eastern Woodland Indians made their clothing from pelts of the animals they hunted for food. The men in the tribes were the hunters, fisherman, and builders, while the women took care of the homes, and the children. Both the men and women took care of the crops, the men usually cultivating and planting while the women harvested.
What did the Eastern Woodland Indians make their clothing from?
The Eastern Woodland Indians made their clothing from pelts of the animals they hunted for food. The men in the tribes were the hunters, fisherman, and builders, while the women took care of the homes, and the children.
How many tribes were there in the Iroquois?
The Iroquois Nation was made up of five tribes. They were the Iroquois, Senecas, Onondagas, Oneidas, and Mohawk Indians. They were enemies of each other until they became one nation. Algonquian included the Abenaki, Massachusett, Wampanoag, Narragansett, Pequot and Montauk tribes.
What are the Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands is a cultural area of the indigenous people of North America. The Eastern Woodlands extended roughly from the Atlantic Ocean to the eastern Great Plains, and from the Great Lakes region to the Gulf of Mexico, which is now part of the eastern United States and Canada. The Plains Indians culture area is to the west; the Subarctic area to the north. The Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands spoke languages belonging to several language groups, including Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean, and Siouan, as well as apparently isolated languages such as Calusa, Chitimacha, Natchez, Timucua, Tunica and Yuchi. Many of these languages are still spoken today.
What were the first people to live in the Eastern Woodlands?
The earliest known inhabitants of the Eastern Woodlands were peoples of the Adena and Hopewell cultures, the term for a variety of peoples, speaking different languages, who inhabited the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys between 800 BC and 800 AD, and were connected by trading and communication routes. The cultures had a tradition of building ...
What type of kinship system did the Iroquoian tribes have?
The Eastern Woodlands Iroquoian-speaking societies had a matrilineal kinship system, with inheritance and property passed through the mother's line. The Iroquoian village-bands were also composed of numerous clans. Individuals would marry outside their clan to form exogamous clans.
What was the largest political unit among the Eastern Woodland tribes?
The largest political unit among the Eastern Woodland tribes were village bands, which were led by one chief. In the Eastern Woodlands Algonquian-speaking societies, patrilineal clans had names associated with animal totems; these clans comprised the village bands .
What language did the Plains Indians speak?
The Plains Indians culture area is to the west; the Subarctic area to the north. The Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands spoke languages belonging to several language groups, including Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean, and Siouan, as well as apparently isolated languages such as Calusa, Chitimacha, Natchez, Timucua, Tunica and Yuchi.
What did the Ojibwe tribes eat?
These tribes did not plant many crops, however, some tribes, such as the historic Ojibwe, grew wild rice and relied on it as one of their major food sources. The type of animals these tribes hunted depended on the geographic location of the tribe.
What are effigy mounds?
The cultures had a tradition of building earthwork mounds and, in some cases, large shaped constructions known as effigy mounds. They had a variety of purposes, some apparently related to astronomical calculations and ritual observances.
What is the Eastern Woodland culture?
Eastern Woodland cultures. Outside of the Southwest, Northern America’s early agriculturists are typically referred to as Woodland cultures. This archaeological designation is often mistakenly conflated with the eco-cultural delineation of the continent’s eastern culture areas: the term Eastern Woodland cultures refers to ...
What did the Plains Woodland people do?
Beginning between about 1 and 250 ce and persisting until perhaps 1000, Plains Woodland peoples settled in hamlets along rivers and streams, built earth-berm or wattle-and-daub structures, made pottery and other complex items, and raised corn, beans, and eventually sunflowers, gourds, squash, and tobacco.
What are some of the most important features of the Mississippian culture?
One of the most outstanding features of Mississippian culture was the earthen temple mound. These mounds often rose to a height of several stories and were capped by a flat area, or platform, on which were placed the most important community buildings—council houses and temples.
What are the two factors that make up the Mississippian culture?
Notably, however, Mississippian peoples were also united by two factors that cross-cut ethnicity: a common economy that emphasized corn production and a common religion focusing on the veneration of the sun and a variety of ancestral figures.
What was the impact of the Mississippian culture on the colonization of the Southeast?
As the Mississippian culture developed, people increased the number and complexity of village fortifications and often surrounded their settlements with timber palisades. This was presumably a response to increasing intergroup aggression, the impetus for which seems to have included control of land, labour, food, and prestige goods. The Mississippian peoples had come to dominate the Southeast culture area by about 1200 and were the predominant groups met and described by Spanish and French explorers in that region. Some Mississippian groups, most notably the Natchez, survived colonization and maintained their ethnic identities into the early 21st century.
What was the Mississippian culture?
Louis and Vicksburg. Known as the Mississippian culture, it spread rapidly throughout the Southeast culture area and into some parts of the Northeast. Its initial growth and expansion took place during approximately the same period (700–1200) as the cultural zenith of the Southwest farmers. Some scholars believe that Mississippian culture was stimulated by the introduction of new concepts, religious practices, and improved agricultural techniques from northern Mexico, while others believe it developed in place as a result of climactic change and internal innovation.
How did Mississippian culture develop?
Some scholars believe that Mississippian culture was stimulated by the introduction of new concepts, religious practices, and improved agricultural techniques from northern Mexico, while others believe it developed in place as a result of climactic change and internal innovation.
What do kids learn about the Eastern Woodland Indians?
First, kids find out about the Eastern Woodland Indians in general — where they lived, how they shared the work of survival, how they kept peace among themselves. Then they dive into in-depth narratives about the Iroquois and the Algonquins.
How many seasons did the Algonquian people live in?
In Algonquian villages, life followed the four seasons. In spring, after planting the crop ...
Did the Eastern Woodland Indians have stores?
Today, we can get pretty much everything we need in stores — food, clothing, books, and so on. But the Eastern Woodland Indians had no stores. How did they get the things they need? Kids will find the answer in this behind-the-scenes glimpse at life among a diverse group of people.
What are the Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands?
The Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands have been involved in Canada-wide and international campaigns to protect Indigenous rights ( see Idle No More) as well as community-specific causes , including the negotiation of modern-day treaties and self-government. For example, in October 2016, the Algonquins of Ontario signed a land claim agreement-in-principle (i.e., a step towards a final contract) with the Canadian and Ontario governments that covers 36,000 km² of land in eastern Ontario. While the final details of what will be Ontario’s first modern treaty may take years to ratify, it remains an historic agreement — one that has taken 26 years to negotiate.
What are the Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodlands is one of six cultural areas of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The region stretches from the northeastern coast of present-day United States and the Maritimes to west of the Great Lakes.
What are the two branches of the Iroquoian language?
Iroquoian languages belong to two branches, a southern one composed of Cherokee, and a northern branch that includes the Erie, Neutral, Wenro, Haudenosaunee, Wendat, Petun and St. Lawrence Iroquoians. The languages of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, the Wendat, Petun and Neutral are all extinct. Efforts are being made to bring back the Wendat language. The six Iroquoian languages spoken in Canada today (Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca and Tuscarora) moved with their people from New York State after the American Revolution. These languages are still spoken today, but they are endangered ( see Indigenous Languages in Canada ).
How many people lived in Iroquoian settlements?
Crop storage among the Iroquoian peoples permitted sedentary (permanent) and fenced-in settlements ranging from small hamlets with a few families to towns where as many as 2,000 persons resided. Population density was high among the Wendat. Although estimates vary, there may have been from 70,000 to 90,000 northern Iroquoians at the time of contact. A typical village contained a large number of elm - or cedar -bark longhouses.
What are the Algonquian speaking people?
Algonquian-speaking peoples in the Eastern Woodlands include the Ojibwe (eastern Lake Superior to northeastern Georgian Bay), Odawa ( Manitoulin Island and Bruce Peninsula ), Nipissing ( Lake Nipissing area), Algonquin ( Ottawa River and tributaries ), Abenaki (present-day Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine, New Brunswick and southeastern Québec ), Wolastoqiyik (formerly known as Maliseet) (St. John River in western New Brunswick, northeastern Maine to Québec) and Mi’kmaq ( Gaspé Peninsula, and what is now New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia ).
What did the Eastern Woodlands people eat?
Climate and soil conditions allowed peoples south of upland regions to grow corn, beans and squash (known as the Three Sisters); the largest portion of many Eastern Woodlands peoples’ diets consisted of produce from their fields .
What was the impact of the Great Depression on Indigenous peoples?
Following the Great Depression of the 1930s, many Indigenous peoples began moving to urban centres in Canada and the United States to work. The 1794 Jay’s Treaty allows Indigenous peoples in Canada to travel freely into the United States for work, study or residence. After about 1960, government-sponsored job programs on reserves and community-led revitalization of arts and crafts practices helped to lessen economic dependency in some communities.
Where did the Eastern Woodland Indians live?
There were many similarities between the Eastern Woodland Indians who lived below the Great Lakes and their cousins who lived in the rocky forests of the Laurentian Shield north of the Lakes.
When did the Eastern Woodland Indians start farming?
Although dates vary from place to place, the culture of the Eastern Woodland Indians living in the northeast transformed from a hunting/gathering economy to an agricultural economy almost 3000 years ago.
What language did the Iroquoian speak?
Before European contact, the predominant language family in use above and below the Great Lakes was Algonquin, but there were large and powerful enclaves of Iroquoian speaking people and in the western parts of the territory the Dakoda language was prominent.
What did the Iroquois build?
Unlike most tribes living in the Eastern Woodland Indian territory, the Iroquois built long communal dwellings capable of housing more than a dozen families on raised sleeping platforms. The buildings were post and beam construction with the addition of bent sapling frames.
Where did the Mound Builders live?
The Mound Builders is a term used to describe several First Nation's cultures that built earthen burial mounds and other earthworks across a large area of North America that extended from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers to the Appalachian mountains.
What shape were the tipis?
Some communities preferred to construct cone shaped tipis...not as wide and tall as those made by the First Nations' people who lived on the prairies, but of similar design. A number of poles were positioned into a conical shape and bark or hides were used as covering.
What is Eastern Woodlands?
The Eastern Woodland Indians are a group of Native American Tribes located along America’s east coast.
What do Eastern Woodlands people eat?
The majority of the farmers in the Northeastern regions grew squash, pumpkin, beans, corn, pole beans, and bottle gourds. They also grew tobacco.
What kind of food did the Plains have?
The diet of the Plains Indians consisted of buffalo meat supplemented with other meats, berries, seeds, and edible roots. Some specific foods consumed by these Native Americans included plums, turnips, Camas bulbs, and chokecherries.
Did Eastern Woodland Indians live well?
The Eastern Woodland Indians lived in the forests. Their food, houses, clothes, weapons, and tools came from nature. The Eastern Woodlands Indians depended on farming, hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants.