Who invented TGV train?
The TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, French for 'high-speed train') is France's high-speed rail service, currently operated by SNCF, the French national rail operator. It was developed during the 1970s by GEC-Alsthom (now Alstom) and SNCF.
When was the TGV invented?
September 1981From its first service in September 1981, the French train à grande vitesse (TGV) has set a pace in European high-speed (initially above 200km/h) rail operations.
Who owns TGV train?
SNCFSNCF operates almost all of France's railway traffic, including the TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, meaning "high-speed train"). In the 1970s, the SNCF began the TGV high-speed train program with the intention of creating the world's fastest railway network.
When did the TGV start in France?
27 September 1981On 27 September 1981, the first TGV line from Paris to Lyon opened to the public. The opening of the 425 kilometer route marked the debut of France's massive expansion of high speed rail.
Who designed the French TGV?
designer Jacques CooperIt reached 318 km/h (198 mph), which remains the world speed record for a non-electric train. Its interior and exterior were styled by French designer Jacques Cooper, whose work formed the basis of early TGV designs, including the distinctive nose shape of the first power cars.
Who made the first high-speed train?
JapanThe first high-speed rail system began operations in Japan in 1964, and is known as the Shinkansen, or “bullet train.” Today, Japan has a network of nine high speed rail lines serving 22 of its major cities, stretching across its three main islands, with three more lines in development.
Does the TGV make money?
TGV is highly profitable in France. All the major intercity routes in the UK run at a profit and these operate at 125-140mph, which is high speed by US standards.
Who is the CEO of TGV?
TGV CinemasTypePrivate Limited CompanyHeadquartersMaxis Tower, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaKey peopleTan Lay Han (CEO) Shaharul Rezza Hassan (Chairman)ProductsCinemas, Film distributionParentTanjong PLC4 more rows
Who owns the fastest train in the world?
ChinaChina's train maker CRRC released the high-speed train at a trade fair, in Berlin. China already has a Maglev train service in Shanghai that connects the main city with the airport. Besides Maglev, China already has a network of 37,900 km of high-speed rail network.
What does TGV mean in French?
Train à grande vitesse…“Train à grande vitesse” (TGV), or “high-speed train,” service on the Paris to Lyon line.
What is the oldest running train?
The Fairy Queen, also known as the East Indian Railway Nr. 22, is a steam locomotive built in 1855, restored by Loco Works Perambur, Chennai in 1997, and housed at the Rewari Railway Heritage Museum. It occasionally runs between New Delhi and Alwar.
How fast can the TGV go?
TGVs - Trains à Grande Vitesse - are the pride of SNCF (French railways), running at up to 300 km/h (186 mph) on a network linking towns and cities across much of France.
Did trains exist 1912?
The world's first diesel-powered locomotive was operated in the summer of 1912 on the Winterthur–Romanshorn railway in Switzerland, but was not a commercial success. The locomotive weight was 95 tonnes and the power was 883 kW with a maximum speed of 100 km/h.
What is the oldest train set?
The first documented model railway was the Railway of the Prince Imperial (French: Chemin de fer du Prince impérial) built in 1859 by emperor Napoleon III for his then 3-year-old son, also Napoleon, in the grounds of the Château de Saint-Cloud in Paris. It was powered by clockwork and ran in a figure-of-eight.
When was the first high-speed train?
1964The first high-speed rail system, the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, began operations in Japan in 1964 and was widely known as the bullet train.
What is the oldest train in Australia?
Although the Flinders Street to Sandridge line was the first steam railway in Australia, the Goolwa to Pt. Elliot railway in South Australia was the first passenger line in the country when it opened on 1 May 1854, however it was a horse-drawn service.
How fast was the Zébulon?
The highest speed reached by Zébulon was 309 km/h (192 mph). Prospects were good for project C03, which was fully funded by the French government in 1976. Construction of an electric high-speed line ...
What was the Zébulon rebuilt from?
Zébulon was rebuilt from the Z7115 which had been wrecked. Using this vehicle, the new Y226 long-wheelbase power truck (precursor of the Y230 of the production TGV) was developed and tested, with its body-mounted traction motors and tripod cardan transmission.
What is a TGV 001?
The TGV 001 turbotrain was a test train for a vast research program encompassing traction, vehicle dynamics, braking, aerodynamics, signalling, and other technologies that needed to be developed to allow higher speeds. Only one was ever built, although it was originally planned to build a second version equipped with an active tilt system. The studies for the tilting version were completed, but it never reached construction because of technical difficulties with fitting the tilt system.
How fast was Trainset 16?
The target was exceeded on 26 February 1981, when trainset 16 reached a speed of 380 kilometres per hour (236 mph) in perfect safety. This was quite in contrast with the previous record of 331 kilometres per hour (206 mph), set on 28 March 1955 by a pair of French electric locomotives, the CC 7107 and the BB 9004.
What was the C03 project?
The project, initiated in 1967, was entitled "Rail Possibilities on New Infrastructures" and was code-named C03. The experimental X4300 TGS railcar, predecessor of the ETG, had been tested at speeds up to 252 km/h (157 mph) in October 1971, and gave promising results. Since the very high speed lines envisioned by SNCF called for speeds ...
How fast was the TGV 100?
Delivery of an order for 87 TGV trainsets was well underway in 1981, when trainset 16 was used for a very publicized world record run, code-named operation TGV 100 (for a target speed of 100 metres per second, or 360 km/h). The target was exceeded on 26 February 1981, when trainset 16 reached a speed of 380 kilometres per hour (236 mph) ...
What is a TGV train?
The TGV ( French: Train à Grande Vitesse, high-speed train) is France's high-speed rail service. The idea of a high-speed train in France was born about twenty years before the first TGVs entered service. At that time, about 1960, a radical new concept was thought up; combining very high speeds and steep grades would allow a railway to follow ...
Who invented the first TV?
The first ever TV set was invented by Scottish inventor John Logie Baird, and debuted in the mid 1920s.
Who was Philo Farnsworth?
Philo Taylor Farnsworth holds the patent priority for the first fully functioning electronic television.
When was the Stooky Bill televised?
John Logie Baird’s televiser was formally demonstrated in 1926, but Stooky Bill’s head was televised in 1925, on October 2. Around the same time, other inventors were working on their ideas for a fully electric television.
How many pictures per second did the televiser take?
It was called a televiser, and created moving images on a screen via a rotating mechanism, at five pictures per second.
Where did Farnsworth get his inspiration for his electrical transmission?
It is believed Farnsworth drew his inspiration for the electrical transmission of pictures at age 14, from the neat furrows of potato fields.
When was the first television made?
Meanwhile, Philo Farnsworth demonstrated the first successful electrical television transmission in 1927.
When was the first TV invented?
Although Baird's TV was an ingenious invention, there were at least 50 inventors around the world working on their own version of the first TV in the 1920s. Baird's invention was superseded within a decade by the electric version of the TV.
Why did Sarnoff delay CBS?
In the late 1940s, Sarnoff sued to prevent CBS from broadcasting in color-a technology both RCA and CBS were racing to develop-on the grounds that it would disrupt the market for black-and-white television. In 1951, the Supreme Court finally ruled in favor of CBS. By then, RCA had seeded the market with millions of its black-and-white sets. Meanwhile, in RCA’s labs, Sarnoff launched a crusade to devise an even better system for color, so as to control the all-important standard for transmission and marginalize the CBS format. A main bragging point was so-called backwards compatibility. Only RCA color broadcasts could be translated for viewing on the RCA black-and-white sets that most people had. If viewers wanted to watch CBS color broadcasts, they had to buy a special adapter for $100. It was similar to the unique position Microsoft would hold many decades later, when it would be the only company that could create a format, Windows, that could execute older MS-DOS programs.
Why was Sarnoff called the General?
But Sarnoff, now dubbed “the General” by Dwight D. Eisenhower in recognition of his wartime assistance, was already marshalling his forces for the expected postwar boom. “He drummed up the marketing bandwagon,” says Magoun. Right after the war, Sarnoff went on the road to convince his NBC radio affiliates to begin airing NBC television programs. Government regulators were trying to keep up, and the FCC forced RCA to divest half its broadcast holdings, leading to the creation of ABC.
How long did the patents for Farnsworth last?
The legal challenges to Farnsworth’s basic television-system patents lasted for nearly four years. They slowed development of television, delayed its introduction to the public, squandered the company’s already thin resources, drove Farnsworth to drink, and contributed to his developing a bleeding ulcer.
What did Kent Farnsworth say about the lowball offer?
And despite the fact that bankers were looking for an exit, they agreed that the lowball offer was an insult. “The bankers were pretty dim, ” remarks Kent Farnsworth. “But even they could see more than a hundred grand in television.”
What was Sarnoff's advantage?
And just as Microsoft used the infrastructure of Windows to propel its Office software to dominance, Sarnoff leveraged his advantage as radio’s standards-setter to organize hundreds of local stations into a national network, founding his National Broadcasting Company (NBC) division in 1926 and making it the primary provider of free electronic news, music and sports.
What was Farnsworth's idea for television?
According to surviving relatives, Farnsworth dreamed up his own idea for electronic-rather than mechanical-television while driving a horse-drawn harrow at the family’s new farm in Idaho. As he plowed a potato field in straight, parallel lines, he saw television in the furrows. He envisioned a system that would break an image into horizontal lines and reassemble those lines into a picture at the other end. Only electrons could capture, transmit and reproduce a clear moving figure. This eureka experience happened at the age of 14.
How long did radio dominate the market?
The rewards of dominance were great. Over a span of 15 years , radio exploded, from the domain of a few thousand hobbyists to a fixture in most Americans’ homes. Along the way, the RCA shares that GE issued skyrocketed. Multiplying more than 10,000 percent, RCA became the single hottest security in the great bull market of the Roaring Twenties-going from startup to component of the Dow even faster than Microsoft would accomplish the same feat decades later.
Overview
Styling: something new and different
The styling of the original TGV, inside and out, is due to industrial designer Jacques Cooper. He was born in Britain in 1931, before moving to France. In the mid 1950s, he spent several years working under American designer Raymond Loewy, whose most famous designs included the Pennsylvania Railroad's GG1 electric locomotive. As early as 1968, when he began working for Alsthom, Jacques Cooper was asked to draw up a "train that didn't look like a train". He designe…
The TGV 001 Turbotrain
The TGV 001 turbotrain was a test train for a vast research program encompassing traction, vehicle dynamics, braking, aerodynamics, signalling, and other technologies that needed to be developed to allow higher speeds. Only one was ever built, although it was originally planned to build a second version equipped with an active tilt system. The studies for the tilting version were completed, but it never reached construction because of technical difficulties with fitting the tilt sy…
Electric power
With the oil crisis of 1973, it no longer seemed economically viable to power the future high-speed train with fossil fuels. The requirements were changed to fully electric operation, which resulted in an extensive redesign and test program. In April 1974, the Z7001 experimental electric railcar, nicknamed "Zébulon", began trials. Zébulon was rebuilt from the Z7115 which had been wrecked. Using this vehicle, the new Y226 long-wheelbase power truck (precursor of the Y230 of the prod…
Last Minute Problems
On 28 July 1978, two pre-production TGV trainsets left the Alsthom factory in Belfort. These would later become TGV Sud-Est trainsets 01 and 02, but for testing purposes they had been nicknamed "Patrick" and "Sophie", after their radio callsigns. In the following months of testing, over 15,000 modifications were made to these trainsets, which were far from trouble-free. High-speed vibration was a particularly difficult problem to root out: the new trains were not at all comfortable at cruisi…