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Who became king after Henry II?
Henry II's plans to divide the Angevin “empire” among his sons led to many quarrels and wars. Of his five sons, only Richard and John survived his death on July 6, 1189. Richard succeeded his father as king. After his death in 1199, John ascended the throne.
Who defeated Henry II?
RichardRichard finally defeated Henry in a battle for Anjou (1189). Richard had the help of Philip II, who was now King of France.
Why was Henry assassinated?
Unable to meet the king, Ravaillac interpreted Henry's decision to invade the Spanish Netherlands as the start of a war against the Pope. Determined to stop him, he decided to kill the king.
Which French King died of syphilis?
Henry II of FranceHenry IIBorn31 March 1519 Château de Saint-Germain-en-LayeDied10 July 1559 (aged 40) Hôtel des TournellesBurial13 August 1559 Saint Denis BasilicaSpouseCatherine de' Medici ( m. 1533)13 more rows
What bad things did Henry II do?
King Henry II of England is best known in the popular imagination for the murder of Archbishop Thomas Becket, a murder for which the King was blamed. Four knights broke into Canterbury Cathedral on 29 December 1170 and slew Becket in the most brutal manner.
What did King John do to his wife?
Isabella of Angoulêmem. 1200–1216Isabella, Countess of Gloucesterm. 1189–1199John, King of England/Wife
Which King of France killed his wives?
Of his six wives, Henry VIII had two killed: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard. He accused Anne of adultery, and she was convicted and beheaded on May 19, 1536; that she had not given birth to a male heir was, however, Henry's primary motive for having her executed.
Who said Paris is worth a mass?
Henry IVAfter four years of stalemate, he converted to Catholicism to obtain mastery over his kingdom (reportedly saying, "Paris is well worth a mass")....Henry IV of France.Henry IVBurial1 July 1610 Basilica of St Denis, Paris, FranceSpouseMargaret of Valois ( m. 1572; annulled 1599) Marie de' Medici ( m. 1600)23 more rows
Who started the wars of religion?
Wars of Religion, (1562–98) conflicts in France between Protestants and Roman Catholics. The spread of French Calvinism persuaded the French ruler Catherine de Médicis to show more tolerance for the Huguenots, which angered the powerful Roman Catholic Guise family.
What animal did syphilis come from?
Syphilis also came to humans from cattle or sheep many centuries ago, possibly sexually”. The most recent and deadliest STI to have crossed the barrier separating humans and animals has been HIV, which humans got from the simian version of the virus in chimpanzees.
What King went crazy from syphilis?
Syphilis existed in medieval Europe, and it caused the death of England's King Edward IV. That's the surprising argument of Smith College scholar Marylynn Salmon, just published in The Medieval Globe, a history journal.
What did the French call syphilis?
Because it was spread by returning French troops, the disease was known as "French disease", and it was not until 1530 that the term "syphilis" was first applied by the Italian physician and poet Girolamo Fracastoro.
What happened after Henry II died?
Decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and suffering from a bleeding ulcer, Henry retreated to Chinon Castle in Anjou. He died soon afterwards and was succeeded by Richard.
Did Henry the 2nd go mad?
Secretly murdered by his son Francis who pretended to be Lord Montgomery at a jousting competition. King Henry's death marked the 55th death of Season One. His wife, Queen Catherine, discovered he had been poisoned by his personal bible, and that is what caused him to go mad..
Why did John lose the Angevin Empire?
Fall, 1199–1227 To add to John's woes, his English barons rebelled, prompting a French invasion of England in 1216, including a siege at Dover Castle. Finally, under John's son Henry III, the French were driven back across the Channel. But by this time almost all the Angevin lands in France were lost.
What happened to Henry II?
Henry II was fatally injured by the Count of Montgomery during a jousting tournament. He died on July 10th, 1559. Born in 1519, the future Henry II married Catherine de Medici in 1533 when they were both 14 years old.
When was Henry II knighted?
Henry II was made a Knight of the Garter in April 1551.
What was Henry II's invention?
Henry II introduced the concept of publishing the description of an invention in the form of a patent . The idea was to require an inventor to disclose his invention in exchange for monopoly rights to the patent. The description is called a patent "specification".
What religion was Henry II?
Religion. Roman Catholicism. Signature. Henry II ( French: Henri II; 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559) was King of France from 31 March 1547 until his death in 1559. The second son of Francis I, he became Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder brother Francis III, Duke of Brittany, in 1536. As a child, Henry and his elder brother spent ...
Where is the Heart of Henry II?
It was the practice to enclose the heart of the king in an urn. The Monument to the Heart of Henry II is in the collection of the Louvre, but was originally in the Chapel of Orleans beneath a pyramid. The original bronze urn holding the king's heart was destroyed during the French Revolution and a replica was made in the 19th century. The marble sculpture of the Three Graces holding the urn, executed from a single piece of marble by Germain Pilon, the sculptor to Catherine de' Medici, survives.
Who painted Henry II on a carpet?
Henry II, here standing on an oriental carpet, continued the policy of Franco-Ottoman alliance of his father Francis I. Painting by François Clouet .
Who was the Habsburg Empire split between?
After the abdication of Charles V in 1556, the Habsburg empire was split between Philip II of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I. The focus of Henry's conflict with the Habsburgs shifted to Flanders, where Phillip, in conjunction with Duke Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, defeated the French at the Battle of St. Quentin (1557). England's entry into the war later that year led to the French capture of Calais, and French armies plundered Spanish possessions in the Low Countries. Henry was nonetheless forced to accept the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, in which he renounced any further claims to territories in Italy.
Who were the kings of France?
Francis II, King of France. Elisabeth, Queen of Spain. Claude, Duchess of Lorraine. Louis, Duke of Orléans. Charles IX , King of France. Henry III, King of France. Margaret, Queen of France. Francis, Duke of Anjou. Victoria of Valois.
When did Henry II die?
He died on July 10th, 1559. Born in 1519, the future Henry II married Catherine de Medici in 1533 when they were both 14 years old. His father, King Francis I, reportedly supervised the consummation, announcing they had both shown valour in the ‘joust’.
What happened to Montgomery in the King's Eye?
Montgomery hurried to kneel before the king and asked to have his head and hand cut off in punishment, but Henry magnanimously told him that it was not his fault and he had carried himself bravely and well. The royal doctors removed the splinter from the king’s eye and others that had pierced his head and throat and bled the patient who relapsed into unconsciousness. It was hoped that the loss of the eye was the worst that would happen, but even though the royal surgeon, Ambroise Paré, was joined by another celebrated medical man, Andreas Vesalius, sent from Brussels by King Philip of Spain, Henry’s condition grew worse.
Who was the English ambassador who wrote "I noted him to be very weak, and to have the sense of all his?
Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, the English ambassador, who was watching, wrote: ‘I noted him to be very weak, and to have the sense of all his limbs almost benumbed, for being carried away, as he lay all along, he moved neither hand nor foot, but lay as one amazed.’.
What happened to Henry II of France?
On June 20, 1559, King Henry II of France engaged in a jousting tournament when his opponent’s lance pierced the face guard of Henry’s helmet, sending splinters into his face, eye, and brain. Henry died of his injuries on July 10, 1559, becoming another casualty of the dangerous sport of jousting. Practiced in Medieval times for armored knights to hone their war skills, these knights on large, powerful armored horses would charge each other head on with lances in an effort to unseat their opponent, at a closing speed of perhaps 50 mph (estimated by the author).
Who was the wife of King Henry II?
Although not technically injured in the joust that resulted in the death of King Henry II of France, the wife of Henry, Catherine de Medici , held a grudge against the Count and saw to it that he was beheaded in 1574, an indirect victim of jousting.
What happened to the Unknown Knight?
Remains of a knight unearthed at Hereford Cathedral in Western England in 2015 revealed healed fractured bones and several unhealed fractured bones, believed to have been caused by jousting injuries.
What happened to Leopold V?
Although he had his foot amputated, Leopold soon died of gangrene. 7.
Who was the king of England when jousting ended?
He suffered being trampled to death by his own horse when unseated during a jousting match, causing his father, King Henry II of England, to end jousting (temporarily) in England. 5. John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, 1390. (Unfortunately, we could not find a public domain image of this individual.)
Who was the king of France in 1559?
1. King Henry II of France, 1559. Catching the lance tip of opponent the Count of Montgomery in his face, Henry got a large splinter through his eye and into his brain, causing his death 10 days later. The anguished Montgomery begged Henry to have Montgomery’s hand and head cut off, but Henry refused. This incident saw the end of jousting in France.
Who cut off Montgomery's hand and head?
The anguished Montgomery begged Henry to have Montgomery’s hand and head cut off, but Henry refused. This incident saw the end of jousting in France. 2. King Henry VIII of England, 1536.
Who killed Archbishop Thomas Becket?
Archbishop Thomas Becket is brutally murdered in Canterbury Cathedral by four knights of King Henry II of England, apparently on orders of the king. In 1155, Henry II appointed Becket as chancellor, a high post in the English government.
When was Thomas Becket murdered?
A group of Henry’s knights took the statement very seriously, and on December 29, Thomas Becket was murdered in Canterbury Cathedral. The Christian world was shocked by Becket’s death, and in 1173 he was canonized a Catholic saint.
Who broke the standoff with the King?
It was Edward’s queen, Isabella who broke the standoff, publicly pleading with the king to exile Hugh for the kingdom’s sake.
Where did Edward and Hugh escape?
Edward and Hugh fled the abbey, hurrying back toward Caerphilly, trying to conceal their passage in the rugged valleys as had so many Welsh rebels before them. At Llantrisant, they just needed to descend to the bottom of the Rhondda valley, cross the River Taff (fordable at Pontypridd) and scale the other side.
What happened to Hugh in 1324?
Meanwhile, much to Isabella’s chagrin, Hugh was back, d runk on the elixir of vengeance. If the nobility had feared him before, little now held him back. Aristocrats were dispossessed in their hundreds. When in 1324, Isabella’s brother, the king of France, threatened Edward’s possessions in Gascony, Edward issued an edict commanding the arrest of all French aliens in England and Wales. Having been at loggerheads with Isabella for years, Hugh took advantage of the legislation to settle scores, placing her under house arrest and dragging away her children. As she watched her husband do nothing, her opinion of her husband changed from one of long-suffering distrust to unquenchably violent contempt.
What did Queen Isabella order her guards to do?
Feigning outrage, Queen Isabella ordered her guards to force their way in. The garrison returned fire, killing several of the queen’s guards. Aerial view of Leeds Castle. King Edward now had what he needed to defeat the rebels: moral superiority.
Why did Isabella refuse to obey Edward's instructions?
He might have been surprised when she agreed, tripped off to France, and rapidly negotiated a peace treaty, on condition that the king’s eldest son be sent to pay homage to the French king. The heir to the English throne under her control, Isabella refused to obey Edward’s instruction to return to England.
Why did the Queen of England divert to Leeds Castle?
The queen again provided the moral justification for Edward’s retribution. Ostensibly travelling to Canterbury, she diverted to Leeds Castle, seat of one of the most prominent rebel nobles, Lord Baddlesmere, and requested to be accommodated. Normally, hosting the queen would have been considered an honour, but Lord Baddlesmere being away from home, Lady Baddlesmere refused. Feigning outrage, Queen Isabella ordered her guards to force their way in. The garrison returned fire, killing several of the queen’s guards.
Why did Edward and Hugh flee the abbey?
Edward and Hugh fled the abbey, hurrying back toward Caerphilly, trying to conceal their passage in the rugged valleys as had so many Welsh rebels before them.
Overview
Henry II (French: Henri II; 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559) was King of France from 31 March 1547 until his death in 1559. The second son of Francis I and Duchess Claude of Brittany, he became Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder brother Francis in 1536.
As a child, Henry and his elder brother spent over four years in captivity in Spai…
Early years
Henry was born in the royal Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, near Paris, the son of King Francis I and Claude, Duchess of Brittany, daughter of Louis XII of France and Anne, Duchess of Brittany. Francis and Claude were second cousins, both had Louis I, Duke of Orléans, as a patrilineal great-grandfather, and their marriage strengthened the family's claim to the throne.
Reign
Henry's reign was marked by the persecution of Protestants, mainly Calvinists known as Huguenots. Henry II severely punished them, particularly the ministers, for example by burning at the stake or cutting off their tongues for uttering heresies.
Henry II was made a Knight of the Garter in April 1551.
Patent innovation
Henry II introduced the concept of publishing the description of an invention in the form of a patent. The idea was to require an inventor to disclose his invention in exchange for monopoly rights to the patent. The description is called a patent "specification". The first patent specification was submitted by the inventor Abel Foullon for "Usaige & Description de l'holmetre" (a type of rang…
Death
Henry II was an avid hunter and a participant in jousts and tournaments. On 30 June 1559, a tournament was held near Place des Vosges to celebrate the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis with his longtime enemies, the Habsburgs of Austria, and to celebrate the marriage of his daughter Elisabeth of Valois to King Philip II of Spain. During a jousting match, King Henry, wearing the colors of his mistress Diane …
Issue
Catherine de' Medici bore ten of Henry's children:
1. Francis II, born 19 January 1544, who married Mary, Queen of Scots
2. Elizabeth of France, born 2 April 1545, who married Philip II, King of Spain
3. Claude, born 12 November 1547, who married Charles III, Duke of Lorraine
Portrayals
Henri or Henry has had three notable portrayals on the screen.
He was played by a young Roger Moore in the 1956 film Diane, opposite Lana Turner in the title role and Marisa Pavan as Catherine de Medici.
In the 1998 film Ever After, the Prince Charming figure, portrayed by Dougray Scott, shares his name with the historical monarch.
Sources
• Anselme de Sainte-Marie, Père (1726). Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France [Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of France] (in French). Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Paris: La compagnie des libraires. pp. 134–136.
• Barber, Richard; Barker, Juliet (1989). Tournaments: Jousts, Chivalry and Pageants in the Middle Ages. Boydell. pp. 134, 139. ISBN 978-0-85115-470-1.