Anne Frank and her family were discovered on 4 August 1944, having spent two years hiding in a secret annex attached to what had been her father Otto’s place of work. They had been hiding with their friends, the Van Pels family, and the dentist Fritz Pfeffer Friedrich "Fritz" Pfeffer was a German dentist and Jewish refugee who hid with Anne Frank and her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. He perished in the Neuengamme concentration camp in Northern Germany. Pfeffer was given the pseudonym Albert Dussel in Frank'…Fritz Pfeffer
Otto Frank
Otto Heinrich Frank was a German businessman who later became a resident of the Netherlands and Switzerland. He was the father of Anne and Margot Frank and husband of Edith Frank, as the sole member of his family to survive the Holocaust. He inherited Anne's manuscripts afte…
Who betrayed Anne Frank and her family?
Arnold Van den Bergh (circled) was a member of Amsterdam’s Jewish Council and has recently been named as the man who may have betrayed Anne Frank and her family to Nazi forces. CBS. Anne Frank ...
Why did Anne Frank and her family go into hiding?
The Franks were forced into hiding to escape being thrown into concentration camps for their religion. Anne was only thirteen when her family moved into a secret room in the back of her father's business building. This was called the secret annex. Anne's father, Otto, and her mother, Edith, bought her a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
Who was all in the attic with Anne Frank?
- Mary Steenburgen – Miep Gies
- Paul Scofield – Otto Frank
- Lisa Jacobs – Anne Frank
- Huub Stapel – Jan Gies
- Eleanor Bron – Edith Frank
- Frances Cuka – Petronella Van Daan
- Victor Spinetti – Herman Van Daan
- Miriam Karlin – Mrs. Samson
- Ian Sears – Peter van Daan
- Georgia Slowe – Margot Frank
Who did Anne Frank have a crush on?
Did Anne Frank have a crush on her dad? "Anne Frank Remembered" chronicles the family's life as revealed in the diary -- Anne's devotion to her father and impatience with her mother, her crush on young Peter van Pels, her exasperation with Pfeffer, the stern disciplinarian.
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Who helped hide Anne Frank and her family?
Miep GiesOn January 11, 2010, Miep Gies, the last survivor of a small group of people who helped hide a Jewish girl, Anne Frank, and her family from the Nazis during World War II, dies at age 100 in the Netherlands.
Who found Anne Frank while she was hiding?
Miep keeps Anne's diary notes But then, on Friday morning 4 August 1944, Dutch police officers, headed by SS-Hauptscharführer Karl Josef Silberbauer, unexpectedly raided Prinsengracht 263. They arrested the eight people in hiding, as well as their helpers Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler.
What happened to the people who helped Anne Frank?
Her husband died in 1993. The other three people who helped shelter the Frank family — Johannes Kleiman, Victor Kugler and Elisabeth Voskuijl — died earlier. Otto Frank, who lived with Miep and Jan Gies for a time after the war, died in Basel, Switzerland, in 1980.
Who was the only survivor from the Secret Annex?
It was little over a year later when things went wrong after all: the Secret Annex and the people in hiding were discovered. Of the eight people in hiding, Otto was the only one to survive the war.
How did Anne Frank get caught?
Anne Frank captured. Acting on tip from an informer, the Nazi Gestapo captures 15-year-old Jewish diarist Anne Frank and her family in a sealed-off area of an Amsterdam warehouse. The Franks had taken shelter there in 1942 out of fear of deportation to a Nazi concentration camp.
How was Anne Frank's family discovered?
Anne Frank's Death On August 4, 1944, after 25 months in hiding, Anne Frank and the seven others in the Secret Annex were discovered by the Gestapo, the German secret state police, who had learned about the hiding place from an anonymous tipster (who has never been definitively identified).
What happened when Anne Frank went into hiding?
Anne started rewriting her diary, but before she was done, she and the other people in hiding were discovered and arrested by police officers on 4 August 1944. The police also arrested two of the helpers. To this day, we do not know the reason for the police raid.
Is Otto Frank still alive?
August 19, 1980Otto Frank / Date of death
Who kept silent in the secret annex?
Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler kept silent. Otto Frank said that after 25 months in the Secret Annex, they had lost all contact with friends and acquaintances and therefore knew nothing. Then the people from the Secret Annex and the helpers were separated.
Who took Anne's diary papers?
Fritz Pfeffer was also taken into the room. The people in hiding had to hand in their valuables. Silberbauer took Otto's briefcase, which contained Anne's diary papers, and emptied it out to put the valuables in. Anne's diary papers fell to the wooden floor. The group had to prepare for departure.
Where did Miep and Bep find Anne's diary?
Miep and Bep find Anne's diary. Some time after the arrest, helpers Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl went to the Secret Annex with Willem van Maaren. Anne's diary papers were still scattered on the floor. Miep later said: ‘Later, Bep and I went upstairs to the Franks' bedrooms.
What did Kugler say after the war?
After the war, Kugler said: ‘The police went upstairs to the storeroom in the main building, and they asked what we kept in all those crates, sacks, and bags. I had to open them all. I said to myself: if it is only a house search, I hope it will soon be over.’
How long did the raid on Miep take?
The police officers took them away. By then, it was around 1 pm: the raid had taken a little over two hours. Jan Gies, the husband of helper Miep, came by to have lunch with the people in hiding, as he often did.
Where was the group of eight taken to?
The group of eight was taken to the SD building on the Euterpestraat. The officers locked them in a large room with the arrested helpers. Then they were taken in for interrogation. The officers tried to find out if the helpers or people from the Secret Annex knew of other hiding addresses.
Where did Johannes go to the Bloemgracht?
Together, they walked to the bridge on the other side of the canal, from where they saw the people from the Secret Annex and their helpers getting into the police van.
What was Anne Frank's story called?from annefrank.org
When the Minister of Education of the Dutch government in England made an appeal on Radio Orange to hold on to war diaries and documents, Anne was inspired to rewrite her individual diaries into one running story, titled Het Achterhuis ( The Secret Annex ).
Who is the head of the attic family in Anne Frank?from bard.org
Characters: The Diary of Anne Frank. Otto Frank: Anne’s polite and practical father, Mr. Frank is the head of the “attic family.”. His calmness and patience are an asset in the cramped attic and a comfort to Anne, who is very close to him. Edith Frank: Anne’s reserved and nervous mother, Mrs.
What is Anne van Pels' real name?from sparknotes.com
Her actual name is Auguste van Pels, but Anne calls her Petronella van Daan in her diary. Anne initially describes Mrs. van Daan as a friendly, teasing woman, but later calls her an instigator. She is a fatalist and can be petty, egotistical, flirtatious, stingy, and disagreeable.
How many languages did Anne Frank's book come out in?from annefrank.org
And that was not all: the book was later translated into around 70 languages and adapted for stage and screen. People all over the world were introduced to Anne's story and in 1960 the hiding place became a museum: the Anne Frank House.
What did Anne write about in the Secret Annex?from annefrank.org
During the two years in hiding, Anne wrote about events in the Secret Annex, but also about her feelings and thoughts.
What did Anne die of?from sparknotes.com
Anne grows from an innocent, tempestuous, precocious, and somewhat petty teenage girl to an empathetic and sensitive thinker at age fifteen. Anne dies of typhus in the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen in late February or early March of 1945.
How old is Anne Frank in the play?from bard.org
Anne Frank: The youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Frank, Anne is a lively, curious girl of thirteen at the beginning of the play. She remains optimistic throughout the months they are in hiding and always makes the best of the situation she is in. As her diary reveals, she is very introspective and creative and has a vivid imagination.
Why did Anne Frank go into hiding?from encyclopedia.ushmm.org
Anne and her family went into hiding for two years to avoid Nazi persecution. Her documentation of this time is now published in The Diary of a Young Girl.
Who were the four Jews that Anne and her family hid in the apartment?from encyclopedia.ushmm.org
During the first half of July, Anne and her family hid in an apartment that would eventually hide four Dutch Jews as well—Hermann, Auguste, and Peter van Pels, and Fritz Pfeffer.
How did Margot Frank die?from encyclopedia.ushmm.org
Margot Frank died at the age of 19, also in February or March 1945. Both Margot and Anne died of typhus. SS officials also selected Anne's parents for labor. Anne's mother, Edith died in Auschwitz in early January 1945. Only Anne's father, Otto, survived the war after Soviet forces liberated Auschwitz on January 27, 1945.
When was Anne Frank House restored?from annefrank.org
After the liberation, the building at Prinsengracht 263 was in danger of being demolished, but as Anne's story about life in the Secret Annex reached more and more people, resistance to the demolition plans increased. And successfully, too: in the mid-1950s, demolition was prevented and shortly after that, the Anne Frank House foundation was established. The building was restored, and the Anne Frank House opened to the public on 3 May 1960.
What number were Anne and Edith tattooed with?from encyclopedia.ushmm.org
The women chosen from this transport, including Anne, Edith, and Margot, were tattooed with numbers between A-25060 and A-25271.
How to enter the hiding place in the annex?from annefrank.org
The only way to enter the hiding place was through the secret entrance, hidden behind the revolving bookcase. The business premises in the main house continued into the ground floor and the first floor of the annex. However, these rooms were not directly connected with the hiding place, which was located on the upper floors of the annex.
What was Anne afraid of in the Secret Annex?from annefrank.org
Kleiman was present and showed the gentlemen everything except our little "Secret Annex," he professed to have forgotten the key of the communicating door. The new owner didn't question any further. It will be all right as long as he doesn’t come back and want to see the "Secret Annex," since then it won't look to good for us.’ (Anne Frank, B-version, 27 February 1943.) Fortunately, the owner never came back.
How many addresses did Anne Frank hide?
After the war, it became clear that some people had spent time in hiding at more than twenty different addresses. The Orthodox Jewish butcher’s boy Benjamin Kosses actually spent time at more than 42 addresses.
How many people were in Anne Frank's hiding place?
To what extent was Anne Frank’s situation an “ordinary” example of going into hiding? In her case the move had been well prepared, with eight people on two floors, in the centre of a large city, for a long period and in one place. There were five dedicated helpers and, certainly at the beginning, there was sufficient financial support.
What were the reasons for hiding in the Secret Annex?
Hunger, loneliness and fear. Many people in hiding went hungry, as did the residents of the Secret Annex, who were faced with scarce supplies and a lack of food, particularly during the last years of the war. In addition, hiding could be mentally exhausting. Monotony and boredom were always lying in wait, as was loneliness.
What was the process of going into hiding in 1942?
During the course of 1942 the process of going into hiding became increasingly well organized and there were small networks to find hiding places in different parts of the country. Often there was a charismatic figure at the centre who had many contacts in the area and a heart in the right place.
What emotion dominated the lives of everyone in hiding?
But above all, there was one emotion which dominated the lives of everyone in hiding – the enormous fear of being discovered.
Why did the organizers use empty chicken runs?
At a later stage, the organizers regularly used empty chicken runs to accommodate Jews, but these were very uncomfortable and obviously icy cold, particularly in winter. When there was any danger, the people in hiding often had to flee immediately and look for a new address.
When was Margot called up to the secret annex?
Organising the hiding project. When Margot was called up on 5 July 1942, this was the signal for the Frank family to go into hiding. Despite months of preparations, the organization with regard to the Secret Annex was quite haphazard at first.
What did Peter and Anne talk about?
Peter and Anne talk about everything that concerned them. Anne wrote about their situation, their parents, and Peter’s dreams for the future: ‘He told me that he wanted to go to the Dutch E. Indies and live on a plantation later on.’. Peter and Anne fell in love.
What did Anne say about Peter in the Annex?
According to Anne, he ‘flops lazily on his bed half the time, does a bit of carpentry and goes back for another snooze.’. Otto Frank also remarked that at first, Peter was 'lazy and disinterested’, and that there was little contact between him and Margot and Anne.
How old was Peter van Pels when he died?
The camp was liberated by American troops on 5 May 1945. According to a list kept by the medical staff, Peter van Pels died on 10 May 1945. He was 18 years old.
Why did Peter van Pels' parents leave?
In 1937, Peter's parents decided to leave because of the Nazis' antisemitism. The family moved to Amsterdam. Peter van Pels on the beach with the Jacobson family, around 1927. From left to right: Elsa Jacobson, Peter van Pels, Maria (nanny) with Ralph Jacobson on her lap, father Ernst Jacobson. Photo collection: Anne Frank Stichting, Amsterdam.
What happened to Peter and his parents?
On 3 September, Peter and his parents - just like the Frank families and Fritz Pfeffer - were put on transport to Ausch witz-Bir kenau. On the platform, he saw Anne and his mother for the last time. Peter was assigned to the Auschwitz post room. As a result, he was able to get some extra food from time to time.
What did Anne write down in her diary?
This is confirmed by an entry in Anne's diary from May 1944, where she wrote down what Peter was studying: ‘English, French (written), Dutch shorthand, English shorthand, German shorthand, English commercial correspondence, woodwork, economics and some arithmetic. Reads little.
Why did Otto Frank feel he had a good chance of surviving the march?
He felt that he had a good chance of surviving the march because he was reasonably fit.
What happened to Anne Frank?
Anne Frank Quotes. Anne Frank (1929-1945), a young Jewish girl, her sister, and her parents moved to the Netherlands from Germany after Adolf Hitler and the Nazis came to power there in 1933 and made life increasingly difficult for Jews. In 1942, Frank and her family went into hiding in a secret apartment ...
Who Was Anne Frank?
Anne Frank was born Annelies Marie Frank in Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929, to Edith Hollander Frank (1900-45) and Otto Frank (1889-1980), a prosperous businessman. Less than four years later, in January 1933, Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany and he and his Nazi government instituted a series of measures aimed at persecuting Germany’s Jewish citizens.
What did Miep Gies give to Otto Frank?
When Otto Frank returned to Amsterdam following his release from Auschwitz, Miep Gies gave him five notebooks and some 300 loose papers containing Anne’s writings. Gies had recovered the materials from the Secret Annex shortly after the Franks’ arrest by the Nazis and had hidden them in her desk. (Margot Frank also kept a diary, but it was never found.) Otto Frank knew that Anne wanted to become an author or journalist, and had hoped her wartime writings would one day be published. Anne had even been inspired to edit her diary for posterity after hearing a March 1944 radio broadcast from an exiled Dutch government official who urged the Dutch people to keep journals and letters that would help provide a record of what life was like under the Nazis.
How did Edith Frank die?
Edith Frank died of starvation at Auschwitz in January 1945. Hermann van Pels died in the gas chambers at Auschwitz soon after his arrival there in 1944; his wife is believed to have likely died at the Theresienstadt concentration camp in what is now the Czech Republic in the spring of 1945.
What did Anne Frank write about?
Addressing her diary entries to an imaginary friend she called Kitty, Anne Frank wrote about life in hiding, including her impressions of the other inhabitants of the Secret Annex, her feelings of loneliness and her frustration over the lack of privacy.
Why did Anne pass the time?
They had to remain quiet during daytime in order to avoid detection by the people working in the warehouse below. Anne passed the time, in part, by chronicling her observations and feelings in a diary she had received for her 13th birthday, a month before her family went into hiding.
Where is Anne Frank's diary?
Did you know? In 1960, the building at Prinsengracht 263, home to the Secret Annex, opened to the public as a museum devoted to the life of Anne Frank. Her original diary is on display there.
Where did Anne Frank hide?
Anne Frank (12 June 1929 – February 1945) was a German-born Jewish girl who, along with her family and four other people, hid in the second and third floor rooms at the back of her father's Amsterdam company during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Helped by several trusted employees of the company, the group of eight survived in ...
Who saved Anne Frank's diary?
Miep Gies saved Anne Frank's diary without reading it. She later said that if she had read it, she would have needed to destroy it, as it contained a great deal of incriminating information, such as the names of all of the annex helpers, as well as many of their Dutch Underground contacts. She and her husband, Jan, took Otto Frank into their home, where he lived from 1945 (after his liberation from Auschwitz concentration camp) until 1952. In 1994, she received the "Order of Merit" of the Federal Republic of Germany, and in 1995, received the highest honor from the Yad Vashem, the Righteous Among the Nations. She was appointed a "Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau" by Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands. In 1996, Gies shared an Academy Award with Jon Blair for their documentary Anne Frank Remembered (1995), based largely on Gies' 1987 book of the same title. She also wrote the afterword for Melissa Müller 's biography of Anne Frank. Gies stated that every year she spent the entire day of 4 August in mourning, the date those in the Annex were arrested. Gies died on 11 January 2010, following a short illness, at the age of 100.
How did Hermann van Pels die?
Hermann van Pels (31 March 1898 – October 1944; known as Hans in the first manuscript of the diary) died in Auschwitz, being the first of the eight to die. He was the only member of the group to be gassed. However, according to eyewitness testimony, this did not happen on the day he arrived there. Sal de Liema, an inmate at Auschwitz who knew both Otto Frank and Hermann van Pels, said that after two or three days in the camp, Van Pels mentally "gave up", which was generally the beginning of the end for any concentration camp inmate. He later injured his thumb on a work detail and requested to be sent to the sick barracks. Soon after that, during a sweep of the sick barracks for selection, he was sent to the gas chambers. This occurred about three weeks after his arrival at Auschwitz, most likely in very early October of 1944, and his selection was witnessed by both his son Peter and by Otto Frank.
What did Mrs. van Pels tell Hannah about Anne?
Mrs. van Pels then told Hannah that Anne was a prisoner in the section of the camp van Pels herself was in. Hannah was astonished, as she, like most people back in Amsterdam, believed the Franks had escaped to Switzerland.
Where did the Van Pels family hide?
The Van Pels family joined the Franks in their hiding place in concealed rooms at the rear of Otto Frank's office building, on 13 July 1942. Anne gave the van Pels family a pseudonym in her diary (as she did for most other characters in her diary); she called them "Van Daan" in her diary. Although their helpers are today known almost exclusively by their own names, the Franks' fellow occupants in the achterhuis retain their pseudonyms in many editions and adaptations of Anne's diary.
What grade did Kitty and Anne go to school together?
Schoolmates at Montessori, Anne and Kitty attended different schools after sixth grade, and hence they had drifted apart somewhat. But shortly before the Franks went into hiding, Kitty visited Anne one day when Anne was in bed with a slight fever.
How did Margot Frank die?
Margot Frank (16 February 1926 – February 1945) died of typhus in Bergen-Belsen. According to recollections from several eyewitnesses, this occurred "a few days" before Anne's death, most likely in early-mid February 1945, though like Anne's death, the exact date is not known.
