Who designed the original Crystal Palace?
Sir Joseph PaxtonThe exhibition opened in the Crystal Palace on May 1, 1851. The Crystal Palace, designed by Sir Joseph Paxton, was a remarkable construction of prefabricated parts.
How did Joseph Paxton design the Crystal Palace?
Using combinations of prefabricated cast iron, laminated wood, and standard sized glass sheets, Paxton created the “ridge-and-furrow” roof design. In 1836 this system was used for the first time in the “Great Stove” - the largest glass building at the time.
Why was the Crystal Palace important architecture?
Built in 1851 in London and designed by botanist and greenhouse builder Joseph Paxton (1801-1865), the Crystal Palace is a key building in the history of architecture, not only because of its monumental scale and the many technical innovations involved in its construction, but also because it hosted the first World ...
What did Paxton invent?
Sir Joseph Paxton (3 August 1803 – 8 June 1865) was an English gardener, architect, engineer and Member of Parliament, best known for designing the Crystal Palace and for cultivating the Cavendish banana, the most consumed banana in the Western world....Joseph Paxton.Sir Joseph PaxtonOccupationArchitect3 more rows
What style of architecture is the Crystal Palace?
Victorian architectureThe Crystal Palace / Architectural styleVictorian architecture is a series of architectural revival styles in the mid-to-late 19th century. Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria, called the Victorian era, during which period the styles known as Victorian were used in construction. Wikipedia
Who was the architect of the Houses of Parliament?
The 1835 competition to redesign the Palace was won by the Westminster-born architect Charles Barry. By then, the 40-year-old Barry was already quite a famous architect, having built several churches and won competitions for his work.
What was Prince Albert glass building?
Crystal PalaceThe Crystal Palace was a huge glass and iron structure originally built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition held in London's Hyde Park. Prince Albert, head of the Society of Arts, had the idea of an exhibition to impress the world with Britain's industrial achievements.
Who created the Great Exhibition?
Henry ColeIt is Queen Victoria's husband Albert who is normally credited with being the driving force behind the Great Exhibition of 1851, but it appears that just as much praise for organising this remarkable event should also be bestowed upon one Henry Cole.
Who designed the Crystal Palace?
The decoration and interior design were curated by Owen Jones (1809-1874), an architect, designer and theorist who, based on his studies on pattern and colour for the Crystal Palace, later published the famous volume The Grammar of Ornament (1856).
What is the Crystal Palace?
The Crystal Palace was precisely the manifesto for a country that was about to show its industrial power at the Great Exhibition. The Crystal Palace is now a symbol and, as such, sums up history and legend.
Why was the Crystal Palace named after Punch?
[The Crystal Palace] could be considered the first building to clearly unveil the characteristics of the new architecture. ...
When was the Crystal Palace destroyed?
Because of the high maintenance costs and its state of deterioration, the building was then entrusted to a special group, under the leadership of Sir Herny Buckland, before being ruinously destroyed by a fire on 30 November 1936.
What was Prince Albert's goal at the end of the Great Exhibition?
At the end of the Great Exhibition, Prince Albert decided to continue to pursue the objective of the Great Exhibition, namely the education of the general public, as well as of designers and industrial producers, through a new museum institution.
Who said modern architecture is one hundred years old?
The quotations in this text are taken from the article Modern Architecture is one hundred years old by Nino Airaldi, in Domus 265, December 1951. Top image: Crystal Palace from the Northeast during the Great Exhibition of 1851, from Dickinson's Comprehensive Pictures of the Great Exhibition of 1851 (London, 1854), kept at the British Library.
Who built the first Universal Exhibition?
However, it was not an architect who designed it, but a botanist and greenhouse builder: Joseph Paxton. Built in 1851 in London and designed by botanist ...
Who designed the Crystal Palace?
The Crystal Palace was a glass and cast iron structure built in London, England, for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The building was designed by Sir Joseph Paxton, an architect and gardener, and revealed breakthroughs in architecture, construction and design. More on the Crystal Palace after the break...
Where was the Crystal Palace in 1854?
The Crystal Palace at Sydenham Hill , 1854. Photo by Philip Henry Delamotte © Wikimedia Commons. Queen Victoria wrote in her journal on May 1st 1851 : "This day is one of the greatest and most glorious of our lives…. It is a day which makes my heart swell with thankfulness….
Who sketched the Great Exhibition Building?
First sketch for the Great Exhibition Building by Sir Joseph Paxton. © Victoria and Albert Museum, London. Paxton proceeded to visit Hyde Park, where he quickly doodled his famous concept drawing of the Palace (the sketch is now held in the Victoria and Albert Museum). The drawing included all the basic elements of the building, ...
What was the name of the park where the sun shone?
The Green Park and Hyde Park were one mass of densely crowded human beings, in the highest good humour… before we neared the Crystal Palace, the sun shone and gleamed upon the gigantic edifice, upon which the flags of every nation were flying….
Who designed the transept of the Crystal Palace?
Illustration of the transept of the Crystal Palace, designed by Sir Joseph Paxton, at the Great Exhibition of 1851, Hyde Park, London.
How tall is the Crystal Palace?
The Crystal Palace, designed by Sir Joseph Paxton, was a remarkable construction of prefabricated parts. It consisted of an intricate network of slender iron rods sustaining walls of clear glass. The main body of the building was 1,848 feet (563 metres) long and 408 feet (124 metres) wide; the height of the central transept was 108 feet (33 metres).
Who designed the Great Exhibition?
It was designed by Sir Joseph Paxton for the Great Exhibition of 1851 and rebuilt in 1852–54 at Sydenham Hill but was destroyed in 1936. BBC Hulton Picture Library. In 1849 Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria and president of the Royal Society of Arts, conceived the idea of inviting international exhibitors to participate in an exposition. ...
What was the name of the building that was used for the Cork and New York City exhibitions?
The Crystal Palace established an architectural standard for later international fairs and exhibitions that likewise were housed in glass conservatories, the immediate successors being the Cork Exhibition of 1852, the Dublin and New York City expositions of 1853, the Munich Exhibition of 1854, and the Paris Exposition of 1855.
Who is the architect that cites Crystal Palace as a major influence on high-tech architecture?
Tom Ravenscroft | 28 November 2019 8 comments. British architect Norman Foster has revealed that if he could visit any building from history, it would be Crystal Palace, which he cites as a major influence on high-tech architecture. Speaking to Dezeen during an interview for our high-tech architecture series, Foster explained ...
How tall was the Crystal Palace?
Crystal Palace was a modular store made from a kit of prefabricated elements. Paxton designed the Crystal Palace, which was 563 metres long and 39 metres high, as the venue for the first World's Fair. At the time, it was the largest glass building ever built.
What is the birthplace of modern architecture?
According to Foster Crystal Palace was the birth of modern architecture. Foster traces the routes of high-tech, and all modern architecture, to the Crystal Palace, which was built in London to house the Great Exhibition in 1851.
Who said Crystal Palace is high tech?
Foster told Dezeen. "And I remember saying it would be the Great Exhibition, it would be the Crystal Palace of Paxton.". Norman Foster described Crystal Palace as "truly high tech". Foster, who was one of the key proponents of the high-tech architecture style, made the statement while explaining that the style had its routes in expressed structures ...
Who designed the modular iron and glass building?
Speaking to Dezeen during an interview for our high-tech architecture series, Foster explained that the modular iron and glass building designed by Joseph Paxton would be top of his list of buildings he could visit.
Where was the Crystal Palace built?
The original site of the Crystal Palace was the well-known central London ‘s Hyde Park. It was there where he built and served its original purpose, to host the 1851 Universal Exposition.
What was the purpose of the Crystal Palace?
The Crystal Palace was commissioned to host the first major World’s Fair. The competition for the 245 project proposals resulted in no winner presented by its infeasibility.
Who designed the Crystal Palace?
The New York Crystal Palace was designed by Georg Carstensen and German architect Charles Gildemeister, and was directly inspired by The Crystal Palace built in London's Hyde Park to house The Great Exhibition of 1851.
When was the Crystal Palace built?
New York Crystal Palace was an exhibition building constructed for the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City in 1853, which was under the presidency of the mayor Jacob Aaron Westervelt. The building stood in Reservoir Square .
What is the shape of the New York Crystal Palace?
The New York Crystal Palace had the shape of a Greek cross, and was crowned by a dome 100 feet in diameter. Like the Crystal Palace of London, it was constructed from iron and glass. Construction was handled by engineer Christian Edward Detmold.
Where was the 1853 Crystal Palace?
Use in the exhibition. New York City's 1853 Exhibition was held on a site behind the Croton Distributing Reservoir, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues on 42nd Street, in what is today Bryant Park in the borough of Manhattan. The New York Crystal Palace was designed by Georg Carstensen and German architect Charles Gildemeister, ...
Who was the first president of the Crystal Palace Association?
Theodore Sedgwick was the first president of the Crystal Palace Association. After a year, he was succeeded by Phineas T. Barnum who put together a reinauguration in May 1854 when Henry Ward Beecher and Elihu Burritt were the featured orators.
Who demonstrated the safety elevator at the Crystal Palace?
This revived interest in the Palace, but by the end of 1856 it was a dead property. Elisha Otis demonstrated the safety elevator, which prevented the fall of the cab if the cable broke, at the Crystal Palace in 1854 in a dramatic presentation.
Publication History
Charles J. Galloway, Catalogue of Paintings and Drawings at Thorneyholme, Cheshire, Collected by Charles J. Galloway (G. Galkner, 1892), opp. p. 94 (ill.): p. 20, no. 49.
Exhibition History
Possibly Paris, Galerie Durand-Ruel, Exposition Camille Pissarro: Tableaux, aquarelles, pastels, gouaches, Mar. 3–21, 1894, cat. 6, as Upper Norwood, Crystal Palace, or as cat. 7, as Upper Norwood, Crystal Palace, temps de neige.
Provenance
Charles J. Galloway, Thorneyholme, Kunstford, Cheshire, by 1892 [per Galloway 1892]; sold Sold at the Charles J. Galloway estate sale, Christie’s, London, June 26, 1905, lot 279, to Bernheim–Jeune, Paris, for £68.5 [per Christie’s sale cat.
Multimedia
Object information is a work in progress and may be updated as new research findings emerge. To help improve this record, please email . Information about image downloads and licensing is available here.
Who was the architect who built the Crystal Palace?
Paxton was an architect who specialized in building in glass and iron. This self made, self taught man would create one of the world’s most spectacular buildings, the Crystal Palace. He started work as a gardener at Chiswick when he came to the notice of the Duke of Devonshire and he proceeded to become both manager of the Duke’s estates at Chatsworth and elsewhere and also his friend. He must have been an exceptional man. His interest in glass and iron buildings sprang from a plant cutting he obtained, of the giant waterlily, which he eventually succeeded in prompting to flourishing growth at Chatsworth. It soon outgrew its home and Paxton needed to build a structure to house it. He designed a wonderful greenhouse for it. You could say the seed of the idea for the Crystal Palace was planted there.
Did the Crystal Palace have sparrows?
No one wanted bird droppings all over the some of the world’s most beautiful artifacts. The problem of ousting them seemed unsolvable until Queen Victoria herself sent for the Iron Duke, the Duke of Wellington and he, ever pragmatic, suggested they install some sparrow hawks . The problem miraculously disappeared.
Overview
Original Hyde Park building
The huge, modular, iron, wood and glass, structure was originally erected in Hyde Park in London to house the Great Exhibition of 1851, which showcased the products of many countries throughout the world.
The commission in charge of mounting the Great Exhibition was established in January 1850, and it was decided at the outset that the entire project would b…
The Great Exhibition of 1851
The Great Exhibition was opened on 1 May 1851 by Queen Victoria. It was the first of the World's Fair exhibitions of culture and industry. There were some 100,000 objects, displayed along more than ten miles, by over 15,000 contributors. Britain occupied half the display space inside with exhibits from the home country and the Empire. France was the largest foreign contributor. …
The Palace at Sydenham Hill
The life of the Great Exhibition was limited to six months, after which something had to be decided on the future of the Palace building. Against the wishes of Parliamentary opponents, a consortium of eight businessmen, including Samuel Laing and Leo Schuster, who were both board members of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR), formed a suitable holding company and p…
Destruction by fire
On the evening of 30 November 1936, Sir Henry Buckland was walking his dog near the Palace with his daughter Crystal, named after the building, when they noticed a red glow within it. When Sir Henry went inside, he found two of his employees fighting a small office fire that had started after an explosion in the women's cloakroom. Realising that it was a serious fire, they called the Penge f…
Since the fire
All that was left standing after the 1936 fire were the two water towers. The south tower to the right of the Crystal Palace entrance was taken down shortly after the fire, as the damage sustained had undermined its integrity and presented a major risk to houses nearby. Thos. W. Ward Ltd., Sheffield, dismantled the Crystal Palace.
Cultural significance
The Crystal Palace was used several times in Russian Literature as a symbol of progress or utopian rationality. Nikolay Chernyshevsky did so in his novel What Is to Be Done?.
After a visit to London as a tourist during the Expedition of 1862, Fyodor Dostoevsky made reference to the Palace in his travelogue "Winter Notes on Summer Impressions" and in Notes from Underground.
See also
• Alexandra Palace, a surviving similar Victorian-era exhibition hall.
• New York Crystal Palace, directly inspired by The Crystal Palace; built for the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations, New York in 1853 and destroyed by fire in 1858.
• The Glaspalast, modelled after The Crystal Palace; built in Munich in 1854 for the First General German Industrial Exhibition and destroyed by fire in 1931.